Research and Tools for Supporting Military Families Through Transition

PCS Series: Research and Tools
For Supporting Military Transitions
militaryfamilieslearningnetwork.org/event/30355
1This material is based upon work supported by the National Institute of Food and Agriculture, U.S. Department of Agriculture,
and the Office of Military Family Readiness Policy, U.S. Department of Defense under Award Number 2015-48770-24368.

Connecting military family service providers
and Cooperative Extension professionals to research
and to each other through engaging online learning opportunities
militaryfamilieslearningnetwork.org

Vickie LaFollette
Department of Defense Program Analyst,
Office of Military Family and Community Policy
Department of Defense Project Lead,
Military Families Learning Network
Today’s Presenters
Zona Lewis
Manager, Strategic Outreach Online Content & Resources
Office of Military Family and Community Policy

PCS Series: Research and Tools for
Supporting Military Transitions
Presenters: Zona Lewis, Office of Military Community and Family Policy
Vickie LaFollette, Office of Military Community and Family Policy

PCS Series: Research and Tools for Supporting Military Transitions
Learning Objectives
• Awareness of the RAND Report: Enhancing Family Stability During
Permanent Change of Station: A Review of Disruptions and Policies (2018)
• Awareness of the RAND Report: The Effects of Military Change of Station
Moves on Spousal Earnings (2016)
• Awareness of legislative changes impacting permanent change of station
moves for military families
• Awareness of the 2017 Spouse Survey Results – Active Duty
• Awareness of Military OneSource Tools and Resources for Relocating
Military Families
5

Over to you!
How many of you work with relocating
military families on a regular basis?
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Over to you!
If so, where in the process do you
begin working with these families?
Earlier in the move process to set up
a budget or at the end of the move
where there may be financial
difficulties?
7

Over to you!
What do you see as the “biggest” issue
facing military families during a PCS?
8

RAND Report: Enhancing Family Stability During Permanent
Change of Station: A Review of Disruptions and Policies
Background:
• The 2017 National Defense Authorization Act required the Secretary of
Defense to submit a report to Congress discussing actions taken to enhance
stability of military families undergoing a PCS.
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Free-Photos/Pixabaycom CC0

• The Department requested assistance from RAND to conduct a review of
the impact of PCS moves on family stability
• Review consisted of the following: Identify disruptions to family stability generated by PCS
• Conduct in-depth review of select disruptions to family stability
• Identify existing DoD and service programs addressing PCS moves and the associated
disruptions
• RAND used existing literature, published survey data and feedback from
interviews of DoD personnel in the construction of report
10

Permanent Change of Station Disruptions and Category
• First Order Disruptions are defined as problems or issues experienced as a
direct result of a PCS
• First Order Disruptions include:
• Household Management
• Employment
• Changing Schools
• Child Care
11

Permanent Change of Station Disruptions and Category
• Second Order Disruptions are defined as problems or issues experienced
indirectly as a result of a PCS
• Second Order Disruptions include:
• Military Life
• Psychosocial Outcomes
• School Performance and Engagement
• Family Functioning
12

Key Permanent Change of Station Disruptions
• Disruptions to Spouse Employment
• Retention Intentions – whether to remain on active duty
• Decisions to move as a family unit or to move separately
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Skeeze/Pixabay.com, CC0

Findings
• DoD and Services offer a range of programs, policies and services to assist
military families during permanent change of station moves
• Existing DoD programs, policies and services are comprehensive
• Service branches have assignment policies to mitigate permanent change of
station disruptions
• Civilian programs and services exist to assist military families during a
permanent change of station move
• No assessment of the programs, policies or services
14

RAND Research Brief: The Effects of Military Change of
Station Moves on Spousal Earnings
Background
The research team examined the causal impact of military moves on spousal
earnings by creating a longitudinal database that tracks careers and incomes of
more than 900,000 military spouses over the period of 2001-2012
Findings
• PCS moves cause decline in spouse earnings and labor force participation
• Among military working spouses, PCS moves reduces earnings by approximately $3,100
• PCS moves also result in lower labor force participation – spouses who experience a PCS
move are 4-5% less likely to have any earnings in the year of the move
• Spouses with children, under the age of 6, are particularly impacted by PCS moves –
spouses with young children may need more time to help children adapt
15

RAND Research Brief: The Effects of Military Change of
Station Moves on Spousal Earnings
Findings
• Female and male military spouse wages and employment are impacted
• Husbands experience larger dollar losses in earnings following a PCS move
• Vast majority of spouse are female versus male spouses
• Negative effects of the PCS move on spousal earnings persist after the move
• Spouses who experience a PCS move continue to have lower wages several years
after the move
• Cumulatively, over the 3-year period, earning losses are approximately $4200
16

2017 Survey Active Duty Spouses (2017 ADSS) Results
Spouse Military Support –
Active Duty
• Question: How satisfied are you with
the military way of life
• Question: Do you think your spouse
should stay on or leave active duty
• 60% satisfied with military way of
life (lower than 2012 and 2015)
• 61% favored spouse staying in the
military (lower than 2012 and 2015)
17
Book Babe/Pixabay.com, CC0

Spouse Unemployment Rate -
Active Duty
• 24% Unemployment Rate (steady
since 2012)
• 61% of spouses were in the labor
force
• Unemployed spouses had been
looking for work on the average of
17 weeks
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Foundry/Pixabay.com, CC0

Spouse Well-Being –
Active Duty
• Question: Which of the
following best describes
your (and/or your spouses)
financial condition?
Comfortable, Some
Difficulty, Not comfortable
• 71% reporting comfortable
financial condition (higher
than 2006-2012)
19
27707/Pixabay.com, CC0

• Financial Problems in the Past 12 Months - Active Duty
Spouses
• Personal issues with partner due to finances – 19%
• Borrowed money from family /friends to pay bills – 12%
• Had to pay overdraft fees to bank/credit union 2+ times – 11%
• Took money out of a retirement fund/investment fund to pay living expenses –
9%
• Pressured to pay bills by stores, creditors, or bill collectors – 9%
• Failed to make monthly/min payment on credit card account or Military Star Card
– 8%
• Failed to make car payment – 4%
• Had telephone/cable/internet shut off – 4%
20

Relocation – Active Duty
• Average number of PCSs
during service members
career is 2.9 moves. The
number, on average, increases
with age of spouse:
• For spouses less than 26 years old,
the average is 1.4 moves;
• For spouses over age 40, the
average is 4.9 moves
• The average length of time
between PCS moves is 23.8
months. By service:
• Army 20.8 months
• Navy 29 months
• Marine Corps 21.7 months
• Air Force 24.5 months
21

• For those with school age
children, changing schools was
a large problem for 40% for
those with elementary age
children (6-12 years old) and
46% for those with teenagers.
• For those with children under
the age of 6, availability of child
care was a large issue for 32%
during their most recent PCS
move.
22
Skeeze/Pixabay.com, CC0

Legislative Updates and Congressional Items of Interest
Housing Flexibility Options – PCS Moves
• Eligible service members and their families have increased housing
flexibility options within the United States, including Alaska and Hawaii,
based on changes in the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year
2018.
• Eligible service members may request flexible housing arrangements
starting 180 days before their PCS date, with the options ending 180 days
after the PCS date
23

Housing Flexibility Options – PCS Moves
• Service members who qualify include:
• One or more dependents enrolled in the Exceptional Family Member
Program
• A spouse who is currently employed/enrolled in a degree, certificate or
license-granting program;
• An immediate family member with a chronic or long-term illness who
they are caring
• One or more children attending an elementary or secondary school.
24

PCS Reimbursement for Spouse Licensure/Certification
• Pursuant to National Defense Authorization 2018, Section 556 all Military
Departments shall provide up to $500 in reimbursable travel expenses for qualifying
relicensing costs of the spouses of the member when the member is reassigned
either as a permanent change of station or permanent change of assignment from a
duty station in one state to a duty station in another state.
• Qualifying relicensing costs include exam and registration fees that are imposed by
the State of the new duty station to secure license or certification to engage in the
same profession that the spouse of the member engaged in while in the State of the
original duty station. Furthermore, the fees paid or incurred by the member or
spouse to secure the license or certification from the State of the new duty station
must be after the date on which the orders directing the reassignment are issued.
25

Interstate Compacts to Support License Portability – Defense
State Liaison Issue
• States can support mobile service members and their spouses by establishing
licensure compacts which allow people licensed in an occupation in one state to
practice in other states without having to apply for a license
• This benefits service members and their spouse who relocate frequently
• Compacts already exists for jobs such as physical therapy and nursing
• DoD is working with other states to establish
• To learn more: https://statepolicy.militaryonesource.mil/key-issue/interstate-
compacts-to-support-license-portability
• Military State Policy Source link: https://statepolicy.militaryonesource.mil/
26

Over to you!
What, if any, is your go-to
resource to assist PCSing
families?
27

Over to you!
If you could create one
online tool to assist PCSing
families, what would it be
and what would it do?
28

• Military OneSource’s Spouse Relocation and Transition
Specialty Consultations
(800) 342-9647
• Military OneSource Website
https://www.militaryonesource.mil/
• MilitaryINSTALLATIONS
https://installations.militaryonesource.mil/
• Plan My Move
http://planmymove.militaryonesource.mil/
Four Key Resources for PCS Moves
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• Personalized moving plans
• Relocation assistance
• Pre-departure briefings
• Foreign-born spouse support
• Affordable housing assistance
Most importantly, this support comes at NO COST!
Spouse Relocation & Transition Specialty
Consultations
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MilitaryOneSource.mil
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Moving and Housing Category Page
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Moving Topic Page
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Moving Topic Page - Benefits Button
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Moving Topic Page – Benefits Button continued…
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https://www.defensetravel.dod.mil/site/allowances.cfm
36

Moving Topic Page
37

Moving Topic Page – Resources Button
38

Moving Topic Page – Resources Button continued…
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Financial & Legal Category Page
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Financial & Legal Category Page continued…
44

Personal Financial Topic Page
45

Personal Finance – Resources Button
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Personal Finance – Resources Button continued…
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MilitaryINSTALLATIONS provides contact information for
programs and services, maps and directions, links to
comprehensive location overviews and community points of
interest for military installations worldwide.
MilitaryINSTALLATIONS Website
48

• There are two primary ways to get to the
MilitaryINSTALLATIONS website
(1) From the URL
https://installations.militaryonesource.mil/
(2) From the footer of any page on MiltiaryOneSource.mil
MilitaryINSTALLATIONS
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MilitaryINSTALLATIONS continued…
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MilitaryINSTALLATIONS – State Pages
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MilitaryINSTALLATIONS – State Pages continued…
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Plan My Move
Plan My Move provides service members and their families with
access to information about entitlements and benefits, points of
contact, checklists, planning tools and information on education
and employment designed to make frequent moves easier and
less disruptive.
https://planmymove.militaryonesource.mil/
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Plan My Move continued…
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Are there other PCSing financial
tasks or tips we should include
here?
Over to you!
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• Relocation Communication Strategy (March – August)
• Social Media Engagement
• All the Ways Campaign
• Social Media Ads
• All the Ways campaign
• YouTube Ads
• Display Ads and Paid Search
• Gas Station TV
Communication Engagements & Initiatives
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Social Media Engagement
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The Moving In The Military
landing page is the destination
for social and/or paid
promotions surrounding moving
topics.
https://www.militaryonesource.mil/m
oving-in-the-military
Moving Landing Page
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• Relocation Assistance video
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZGdYURuVBBw&list=PLwJycwX3
ubJ8KRpzkrhEkwZ6AVruwZxk4&index=4&spfreload=10
All the Ways Videos
75
• Pet Relocation video
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v
=V6rNo2ocMco&list=PLwJycwX3ubJ
8KRpzkrhEkwZ6AVruwZxk4&index=6
&spfreload=10

YouTube Ads
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• Digital banner ads
• Paid Search
Display Advertising & Paid Search
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Gas Station TV Ads
Image is courtesy of GSTV.com
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Thank you for joining
us today.
For more information, log on to
www.MilitaryOneSource.mil or
call 800-342-9647.

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Research and Tools for Supporting Military Families Through Transition

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