2. WHY DO WE NEED
PUNCTUATION?
Punctuation allows
the authors writing to be
easy to read and
understandable for the
reader.
3. QUOTATION MARKS
Rule: Use quotation marks to
set off a direct quotation.
Example: “What is your favorite
color?” she asked.
Rule: Periods and commas
always go inside quotation
marks.
Example: “I don’t want to go to
school today,” Alan said.
4. QUOTATION MARKS
Enclose both parts of a divided
quotation in quotation marks.
Do not capitalize the first word
of the second part unless it
begins with a new sentence.
EX. “Johnny, dear,” said Sue, bending
over her, “will you promise me to
keep you eyes closed, and do not
look at the window until I am done
working?”
5. COLON
Rule: Use the colon after a
complete sentence to introduce a
list of items.
Example: On my trip I will bring:
clothes, a pillow, a sleeping bag,
a toothbrush, and my teddy bear.
Rule: Use the colon after the
greeting of the person’s name in a
business letter.
Example: Dear Mr. Smith:
6. COLON
Rule: Use a colon to introduce a
long or formal quotation.
EX. Martin Luther King, Jr. said: “No,
we are not satisfied, and we will not
be satisfied until justice rolls down
like water, and righteousness like a
mighty stream.”
7. SEMICOLON
Rule: Use semicolon to
separate items of a series if
one or more of these items
contain commas.
EX. In the raffle draw, first prize
is the Caribbean cruise; second
prize a trip to Hong Kong; and
third prize is a trip to Bohol.
8. SEMICOLON
Rule: Use semicolon before a
conjunctive adverb that joins
the clauses of a compound
sentence (therefore, however,
otherwise, consequently,
nevertheless, moreover, and
besides).
EX. They left he house early;
however, they were still late.
9. APOSTROPHE
Rule: Use the apostrophe when
combining two words. It is always placed
in the spot where the letter(s) have been
removed.
Example: She’s (she is) only allowed
candy on Friday.
Rule: Use the apostrophe to show
possession. Place the apostrophe before
the s.
Example: They found Ms. Connor’s
gloves.
’
10. APOSTROPHE
Rule: Use the apostrophe to show an
omission of figures in a date.
Example: Class of ’80 Band of ‘90
Rule: Use the apostrophe to show plurals
of letters, numbers, signs and words
referred to as words.
Example: There are three p’s in the
word Philippines.
Her name Lynn is spelled with two n’s.
’
11. HYPHEN
Rule: Use hyphen between the syllables
divided at the end of the line.
Example: Irwin and his friends attended
the graduation ball held at the presti-
gious hotel.
Rule: Use hyphen in compound numbers
from twenty-one to ninety-nine.
Example: seventy-five volunteers
Forty-three little candles.
’
12. HYPHEN
Rule: Use hyphen in fraction
Example: one-fourth of pizza
Rule: Use hyphen in certain compound
nouns.
Example: editor-in-chief
’
14. TEST YOUR KNOWLEDGE
After reading the example, place the proper
punctuation in the blank.
Remember the 7 types of punctuation include:
Period
Comma
Question Mark
Exclamation Point
Quotation Marks
Semicolon
Parenthesis
15. PRACTICE
The teacher asked him to sit next to her__
They don__t have school on Saturday.
She was born on April 30th __ 1990.
Dear Mrs. White__
__I don’t feel well today, __ Adam said.
.
‘
,
:
“ ”
16. PRACTICE
I pulled my own tooth out__
He has two notebooks__ three books__ four
pencils __one box of crayons__and one eraser in
his desk.
They helped color Katie__s project.
I ate four brownies today__
!
,
,
,
,
’
.
17. PRACTICE
__Will you play with me during recess? __ Anna
asked.
For my birthday, I had __ cake, ice cream, candy,
pop, and snow cones.
She is able to count to one hundred and twenty ___
during math class.
He lives in Lansing __ Michigan.
“ ”
:
(120)
,
18. PRACTICE
Will you be my partner during gym time __
She had long __ beautiful hair.
?
,
19. REFERENCES
Pictures on Slides: 6,7,8 Clipart
Information on Slides: 6,7,8,9,10,11,12
http://www.grammarbook.com/english_rules.asp