Kevin Gumienny, MicroAssist's eLearning Team Lead's presentation at eLearning Symposium 2014 in Austin, Texas. Kevin discussed what makes eLearning crappy, how to make it better with blowing the budget. He recommends resources such as the Serious eLearning Manifesto, Jesse Schell’s Art of Game Design.David Michael’s Serious Games: Games That Educate, Train, and Inform, The Non-Designer Design Book, Presentation Zen, Slide:ology, Thinking with Type,
7. Too much content
American environmentalism dawned as a popular
movement on a mild spring afternoon in 1970.
Wednesday, April 22nd, brought blue skies, light
breezes, and temperatures in the 60s to New York City
and Washington, D.C. Much of the rest of the country
enjoyed similar conditions. On that day, the influence of
nature had particular meaning; the nation held a
celebration of clean air, land, and water.
Hazardous Waste Management
The History of the EPA, Page 1
Hazardous Waste Management
The first Earth Day may have been prompted, in part, by
the recent moon landings. When the astronauts turned
their cameras homeward, capturing the image of a
delicate blue planet, the world looked upon itself with
fresh understanding. The context of Earth Day 1970,
however, was far from celestial, reflecting the
turbulence of the time.
The History of the EPA, Page 2
Hazardous Waste Management
The History of the EPA, Page 3
Yet Earth Day, forged in an era of strife and change, had
its own personality; marijuana smoke may have hung in
wisps over some of the day's festivities, but violence
and confrontation were nowhere to be seen.
In America's largest city, Mayor John V. Lindsey decided
to commemorate the day in high style, closing traffic for
two hours on Fifth Avenue, from 14th Street to Central
Park.
Along its broad path, multitudes choked the streets and
sidewalks. Much of the crowd's interest centered on
Union Square, a crossroads of political ferment during
the 1930s. This day, "many more than" 100,000
onlookers saw teach-ins, lectures, and a non-stop
frisbee game at the famous intersection. An ecological
Mardi Gras lasting from noon to midnight sprang up
along 14th Street from Third to Seventh Avenues.
Hazardous Waste Management
The History of the EPA, Page 4
While folksinger Odetta sang "We Shall Overcome," a
rock band played the Beatles' anthem, "Power to the
People." In Washington, D.C., Congress suspended
business as most of its members, regardless of
ideology, felt compelled to appear before their
constituents. President Nixon kept a regular schedule at
the White House.
Hazardous Waste Management
The History of the EPA, Page 5
While Earth Day launched the idea of environmentalism
in its present sense, the realization of the value of
wilderness and an appreciation of the consequences of
its destruction dates back several centuries in America.
For example, as early as 1652, the city of Boston
established a public water supply, a step followed in the
next century by several towns in Pennsylvania.
Hazardous Waste Management
The History of the EPA, Page 6
Hazardous Waste Management
The History of the EPA, Page 7
By 1800, 17 municipalities had taken similar measures
to protect their citizens against unfit drinking sources.
Still, anyone living in the great cities of New York,
Philadelphia, Charleston, and Boston just after the
American revolution could not escape the ill-effects of
expanding urbanization: the stench of sewage in near-
by rivers; the unwholesome presence of animal and
human wastes underfoot; the odors of rotting food;
the jangling shouts of vendors in narrow lanes; and the
constant grinding of hooves and iron wagon wheels on
unpaved streets. Industrialism in the nineteenth century
widened the impact of environmental degradation.
Literary people were the first to sense the meaning of
this trend. Herman Melville's epic novel Moby Dick
(1851) and Henry David Thoreau's Walden, or Life in the
Woods (1854.
Hazardous Waste Management
The History of the EPA, Page 8
A second generation of writers, perhaps sobered by the
final settlement of the American West, wrote without
fictional guise. John Burroughs published 27 volumes of
intimate, experiential nature essays. John Muir, the
Scottish prophet of the rugged outdoors, set down his
observations in a series of books, beginning with The
Mountains of California in 1894.
Hazardous Waste Management
The History of the EPA, Page 9
Hazardous Waste Management
President Theodore Roosevelt, who undertook a
western camping trip with Muir in 1903, came to
symbolize the campaign for conservation, which gained
steadily in political popularity. During and after his
Administration, the use and retention of natural
resources became a preoccupation of government.
The History of the EPA, Page 10
Hazardous Waste Management
The History of the EPA, Page 11
President Franklin Roosevelt's New Deal enacted a
number of natural resource measures. The Soil
Conservation Service, founded in 1935, applied
scientific practices to reduce the erosion of agricultural
land. The depletion of animal life received recognition
in the passage of the 1937 Pittman-Robertson Act,
establishing a fund for state fish and wildlife programs
from the proceeds of federal taxes on hunting.
Most ambitious of all, the Tennessee Valley Authority
erected nine dams and a string of massive generating
stations. The definition of wilderness as an immense
natural storehouse, subject to human management,
changed after the Second World War. Life on the battle
front, as well as the home front, curbed the country's
appetite for colossal federal projects.
Hazardous Waste Management
The History of the EPA, Page 12
8. Bad Questions
Disease-causing microorganisms are called ________.
a. paladins
b. pathogens
c. pandas
d. pantaloons
Do not smoke in a ________ atmosphere.
a. flammable
b. flamboyant
c. flaming
d. fusible
An effective safety session does which of the following? (Select all that apply.)
a. teaches or reviews basic safety concepts and practice
b. has doughnuts
c. shows gory accident pictures to scare people into being safe
d. is a waste of time
12. No Blocks of Text
People skim large blocks of text. As annoying as it might be
for someone designing a course, putting a large block of
text on the screen more or less ensures that it won’t be
read. Now, you can have it read to them to compensate, but
then we’re right back where we began. Instead, it’s better
to use smaller chunks, quick reads. This should be easier if
you’re able to design using scenarios and stories, but even if
you’re moving large blocks of text from a book to the
screen, you can summarize, place it over a series of slides,
or even use word balloons and scatter them over the
screen.
16. Do they need to know it to meet the objectives?
Get rid of content
American environmentalism dawned as a popular
movement on a mild spring afternoon in 1970.
Wednesday, April 22nd, brought blue skies, light
breezes, and temperatures in the 60s to New York City
and Washington, D.C. Much of the rest of the country
enjoyed similar conditions. On that day, the influence of
nature had particular meaning; the nation held a
celebration of clean air, land, and water.
Hazardous Waste Management
The History of the EPA, Page 1
Hazardous Waste Management
The first Earth Day may have been prompted, in part, by
the recent moon landings. When the astronauts turned
their cameras homeward, capturing the image of a
delicate blue planet, the world looked upon itself with
fresh understanding. The context of Earth Day 1970,
however, was far from celestial, reflecting the
turbulence of the time.
The History of the EPA, Page 2
Hazardous Waste Management
The History of the EPA, Page 3
Yet Earth Day, forged in an era of strife and change, had
its own personality; marijuana smoke may have hung in
wisps over some of the day's festivities, but violence
and confrontation were nowhere to be seen.
In America's largest city, Mayor John V. Lindsey decided
to commemorate the day in high style, closing traffic for
two hours on Fifth Avenue, from 14th Street to Central
Park.
Along its broad path, multitudes choked the streets and
sidewalks. Much of the crowd's interest centered on
Union Square, a crossroads of political ferment during
the 1930s. This day, "many more than" 100,000
onlookers saw teach-ins, lectures, and a non-stop
frisbee game at the famous intersection. An ecological
Mardi Gras lasting from noon to midnight sprang up
along 14th Street from Third to Seventh Avenues.
Hazardous Waste Management
The History of the EPA, Page 4
While folksinger Odetta sang "We Shall Overcome," a
rock band played the Beatles' anthem, "Power to the
People." In Washington, D.C., Congress suspended
business as most of its members, regardless of
ideology, felt compelled to appear before their
constituents. President Nixon kept a regular schedule at
the White House.
Hazardous Waste Management
The History of the EPA, Page 5
While Earth Day launched the idea of environmentalism
in its present sense, the realization of the value of
wilderness and an appreciation of the consequences of
its destruction dates back several centuries in America.
For example, as early as 1652, the city of Boston
established a public water supply, a step followed in the
next century by several towns in Pennsylvania.
Hazardous Waste Management
The History of the EPA, Page 6
Hazardous Waste Management
The History of the EPA, Page 7
By 1800, 17 municipalities had taken similar measures
to protect their citizens against unfit drinking sources.
Still, anyone living in the great cities of New York,
Philadelphia, Charleston, and Boston just after the
American revolution could not escape the ill-effects of
expanding urbanization: the stench of sewage in near-
by rivers; the unwholesome presence of animal and
human wastes underfoot; the odors of rotting food;
the jangling shouts of vendors in narrow lanes; and the
constant grinding of hooves and iron wagon wheels on
unpaved streets. Industrialism in the nineteenth century
widened the impact of environmental degradation.
Literary people were the first to sense the meaning of
this trend. Herman Melville's epic novel Moby Dick
(1851) and Henry David Thoreau's Walden, or Life in the
Woods (1854.
Hazardous Waste Management
The History of the EPA, Page 8
A second generation of writers, perhaps sobered by the
final settlement of the American West, wrote without
fictional guise. John Burroughs published 27 volumes of
intimate, experiential nature essays. John Muir, the
Scottish prophet of the rugged outdoors, set down his
observations in a series of books, beginning with The
Mountains of California in 1894.
Hazardous Waste Management
The History of the EPA, Page 9
Hazardous Waste Management
President Theodore Roosevelt, who undertook a
western camping trip with Muir in 1903, came to
symbolize the campaign for conservation, which gained
steadily in political popularity. During and after his
Administration, the use and retention of natural
resources became a preoccupation of government.
The History of the EPA, Page 10
Hazardous Waste Management
The History of the EPA, Page 11
President Franklin Roosevelt's New Deal enacted a
number of natural resource measures. The Soil
Conservation Service, founded in 1935, applied
scientific practices to reduce the erosion of agricultural
land. The depletion of animal life received recognition
in the passage of the 1937 Pittman-Robertson Act,
establishing a fund for state fish and wildlife programs
from the proceeds of federal taxes on hunting.
Most ambitious of all, the Tennessee Valley Authority
erected nine dams and a string of massive generating
stations. The definition of wilderness as an immense
natural storehouse, subject to human management,
changed after the Second World War. Life on the battle
front, as well as the home front, curbed the country's
appetite for colossal federal projects.
Hazardous Waste Management
The History of the EPA, Page 12
17. Write good questions
When is “All of the above” the correct answer?
a. With alarming regularity
b. When we try to cover too much in one question
c. When we use a question to teach instead of assess
d. All of the above
http://blog.cathy-moore.com/2007/08/can-you-answer-these-6-
questions-about-multiple-choice-questions/
We can confuse learners when we:
a. fail to actually complete the sentence we started in the question.
b. inconsistent grammar in the options.
c. sometimes we veer off into another idea entirely.
d. wombats.
32. The low air pressure warning light comes on and you hear a
warning buzz. One of the air pressure gauges reads 80 psi.
What do you do?
Pump the service brake to help stop the bus.
Press the service brake to stop the bus.
Tell me more about diagnosing
problems with air brakes.
33. The pressure gauge moves rapidly to 0. You have lost all air
pressure. You lose control and crash into the car ahead of
you.
Tell me more about diagnosing
problems with air brakes.
Bus Crashes Into Car
Car Driver Dead, Four Students Injured.
Start Route Over
34. When you pressed the brakes, you heard the hissing noise
again. The light is still lit and the buzzer is still going. The
gauge now reads 40 psi.
If it’s the front brakes, you have time to find a good stopping
place. If it’s the rear, you need to pull over NOW.
The sound indicates a front brake problem.
The sound indicates a rear brake problem.
Tell me more about diagnosing
problems with air brakes.
35. No, the sound is not indicative of a problem with the rear
brake.
You may wish to review the air brake diagnosis techniques in
the glove box.
Try again.
Tell me more about diagnosing
problems with air brakes.
36. You’re right! You’re able to navigate safely to the side of the
road.
You call into dispatch, and another bus arrives to take the
students safely home.
Tell me more about diagnosing
problems with air brakes.
37. You’re right! You’re able to navigate safely to the side of the
road.
You call into dispatch, and another bus arrives to take the
students safely home.
Tell me more about diagnosing
problems with air brakes.
Firm believer in Steven Covey. Always begin with the end in mind.
The sooner I get done designing elearning, the sooner I can be here.
The Serious eLearning Manifesto. Cathy Moore’s Connect with Haji Kamal. Dirksen’s brilliant ideas in Design for How People Learn.
With these tools, books, and examples, you can create elearning that transcends good to become great.
That’s not what we’re going to talk about today.
We’re going to talk about crappy elearning.
The stuff you don’t have the freedom, time, or money to make great.
The times you’re given a set of documentation or an instructor-led session and charged with converting it to online training.
Some definitions.
Classic definition is a page-turner. See content, set through someone reading it to you, and then clicking next.
Ethan Edwards: Read this, click next. Read this, click next. Read this, click next. And then take a test.
Can’t progress at your own pace. Need to wait for narration to finish—or next button doesn’t appear until a specific time has passed.
Splash screen for branding.
Navigation tutorial
List of objectives
Evaluation plan
Now start learning
Everything that some one thinks you might need to know.
A special danger when you’re converting instructor-led training to elearning.
Easily answered without reading the material.
Hardly challenging, and makes the training seem irrelevant.
We’re primarily visual creatures, and online training is a heavily visual medium
Time
Money
Timing Requirements
Regulations
Customer expectations
Comparable to competition
People hate it.
It’s ineffective. When people hate it, they don’t learn the material. Among other things, we do safety training. Page-turners may satisfy a requirement, but the point of the requirement is not to memorize a requirement. It’s how to do something safely. People miss that, injury or death.
If you have to do it, you have to do it. But they’re not going to recommend it, and your audience won’t grow.
And every time these shortcuts are taken, it creates the expectation that all elearning is crappy. It creates the need for a Serious Eearning Manifesto.
Crappy eLearning is fast and cheap. But not good for learners or business.
How do I do fast and cheap and make it interactive?
We’re making better elearning, not the best elearning.
People skim online text, they don’t read it.
Print prose designed for sequential readers, start at beginning and move to the end.
Online text relies on smaller chunks, which may not be encountered in order. This is how people may read the course, whether or not it’s intended.
Give your learners freedom.
Sometimes you can’t. But when you can, do it. We all like control.
Not measuring how long they sit in front of the screen.
Measuring whether or not they’ve mastered the objectives. And the measure of this is in the evaluation, not in the content.
Write good questions and let people test out.
Then how to make locked interesting?
Scenarios
Narrative
Stories
Regardless of whether your course has locked or unlocked navigation, you need good questions. This is where mastery is determined. It’s all about the evaluation.
Here’re a few suggestions from Cathy Moore.
Pleasant design is good, but don’t reinvent the wheel.
Doesn’t need to be elaborate, just simple and clean.
Look at website design to get ideas.
Kuhlman: Better to have good-looking bad elearning than bad-looking bad elearning.
That’s a way to deal with the user experience.
Now what about production—managers, clients, everyone wants it faster.
They’ll take time off of work, stop by, chat a bit, and share.
Tale of showing part of this course to an organization of municipal utility workers. Nodding along whenever the fatal facts came along.
Stories are emotional glue, connects the audience to the message.
They make people care (even if it’s surprise at stupidity).
Stories are motivating, especially in real life. Stories need to be relevant.
Yesterday I saw two posts on stories.
An article in Time by Eric Barker, pointing out the power of stories to motivate people in a work environment. If it works to motivate people to give their all at work, it works to get them to change their behavoir, which is the purpose of learning.
Post by Cammy Bean on using stories to place compliance training in real-life contexts, making it interesting.
Put the learner in a story.
Waste, fraud, and abuse example.
Can have an entire course of questions—don’t keep them in the quiz.
Mock-up of course on accident awareness for bus drivers
Pump service brake
Games allow you a safe place to fail.
Click rear brake problem
Note that the pull info (Youtube about how air bus brakes work) is highlighted.