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Structures of the Respiratory System
- 1. 2.05 Remember the structures of the respiratory system
- 2. 2.05 Remember the structures of the respiratory system Essential question What are the structures of the respiratory system? 2.05 Remember the structures of the respiratory system 2
- 3. Structures of the respiratory system Upper Respiratory System Nose Sinuses Pharynx Epiglottis Larynx Lower Respiratory System Trachea Lungs Bronchi Alveoli 2.05 Remember the structures of the respiratory system 3
- 4. Structures of the Upper Respiratory System Nose Nasal cavity Nasal septum Turbinates Mucous Membranes Cilia 2.05 Remember the structures of the respiratory system 4
- 5. Structures of the Upper Respiratory System Sinuses Frontal Ethmoidal Sphenoidal Maxillary 2.05 Remember the structures of the respiratory system 5
- 6. Structures of the Upper Respiratory System Pharynx Nasopharynx Oropharynx Laryngopharynx 2.05 Remember the structures of the respiratory system 6
- 7. Structures of the Upper Respiratory System Epiglottis 2.05 Remember the structures of the respiratory system 7
- 8. Structures of the Upper Respiratory System Larynx 2.05 Remember the structures of the respiratory system 8
- 9. Structures of the Lower Respiratory System Trachea 2.05 Remember the structures of the respiratory system 9
- 10. Structures of the Lower Respiratory System Into the lungs we go…. 2.05 Remember the structures of the respiratory system 10
- 11. Structures of the Lower Respiratory System Bronchi Bronchial tubes Bronchioles 2.05 Remember the structures of the respiratory system 11
- 12. Structures of the Lower Respiratory System Alveoli 2.05 Remember the structures of the respiratory system 12
- 13. Structures of the Lower Respiratory System LUNGS 2.05 Remember the structures of the respiratory system 13
- 14. Structures of the Lower Respiratory System Pleura 2.05 Remember the structures of the respiratory system 14
- 15. Structures of the Lower Respiratory System Mediastinum 2.05 Remember the structures of the respiratory system 15
- 16. Structures of the Lower Respiratory System Diaphragm 2.05 Remember the structures of the respiratory system 16
- 17. Let’s review the structures of the respiratory system … 2.05 Remember the structures of the respiratory system 17
- 18. 2.05 Remember the structures of the respiratory system Essential question What are the structures of the respiratory system? 2.05 Remember the structures of the respiratory system 18
Hinweis der Redaktion
- Air enters the respiratory system through the two oval openings in the nose- nostrils/nares. From here the air will enter the Nasal cavity – space behind the nose. Nasal septum – cartilage that divides the nose into right and left sides Turbinates – 3 scroll-like bones in the respiratory region which direct air to the olfactory gland to facilitate smell. They also play a role in circulating air to be cleaned, warmed, and moistened. Mucous Membranes- has a rich blood supply which warms the air as it enters the nose. It also has mucous which assists in cleaning Cilia – nose hairs that moves mucous into the digestive system
- Sinuses - Cavities in the skull near the nasal cavity Named for the bones where they are located Ducts connect sinuses to the nasal cavity Lined with mucous membrane to warm and moisten the air Provide resonance to the voice----when your sinsuses are blocked you get that nasally voice
- After the air leaves the nasal cavity it enters the pharynx (your throat). It serves as a common passageway for air and food. It is about 5 inches in length and is divided into the nasopharynx- above and behind the soft palate. The left and right eustachian tubes open directly into the NP which connects each middle ear. oropharynx- oral part of the mouth- extends from the soft palate behind the mouth to just above the hyoid bone. laryngopharynx-located below the OP and superior to the larynx.
- A flap or lid that closes over the opening to the larynx when food is swallowed
- Aka Voice box Triangular chamber below pharynx. It is composed of 9 fibrocartilaginous plates. The largest one is known as your Adam’s apple. It is lined with mucous membranes. Within the larynx are vocal cords. The space between the vocal cords is the glottis. When air is expelled from the lungs, it passes the vocal cords. This sets off a vibration which creates sound. The action of the lips and tongue on this sound is what produces speech.
- Windpipe- a tube like passageway approximately 4 ½” long. It extends from the larynx, passes in front of the esophagus, and continues to form the two bronchi. The walls are composed of alternate bands of membrane and 15-20 C-shaped rings of hyaline cartilage. These rings are virtually non-collapsible. This keeps the trachea open for air to get into the lungs. However, the trachea can get blocked by large pieces of food, tumorous growths, and swollen lymph nodes in the neck. The walls of the trachea are lined with a mucous membrane and ciliated epithelium. The mucous traps inhaled dust particles and the cilia will sweep it up towards to the pharynx. Coughing and expectorating will dislodge and eliminate the dust containing mucous from the pharynx.
- At the lower end of trachea, the bronchus divide into right and left branches . The right bronchus is slightly shorter, wider, and in more vertical position than the left bronchus. The bronchi have ciliated mucous membrane and hyaline cartilage. As each bronchus enter the lungs, the bronchus subdivide into bronchial tubes. The bronchial tubes have cartliginous plates and into smaller structures called bronchioles. Bronchioles have smooth muscle and elastic walls which is lined with ciliated epithelium. At the end of the bronchioles are alveolar ducts and clusters of alveoli.
- Composed of a single layer of epithelial tissue. There are about 500 million in an adult’s lung. The inner surface of the alveoli contain a lipid material known as surfactant which helps to stabilize the alveoli preventing them from collapsing. Each alveolus is surrounded by capillaries. It is through the moist walls of both the alveoli and the capillaries that the rapid exchange of carbon dioxide and oxygen occurs.
- The lungs are located in the thoracic cavity and separated by the mediastinum and the heart. Apex-upper part of the lung underneath the collar bone (clavicle) Base-lower part. Concave to fit snugly over the diaphragm. Lung tissue is porous and spongy due to the alveoli and the tremendous amount of air it contains. Right lung Larger and shorter than the left lung Displaced by the liver 3 lobes-superior middle and inferior Left lung Smaller than the right side Displaced by the heart 2 lobes- superior and inferior
- Thin, moist slippery membrane of tough endothelial cells that covers each lungs One membrane covers the lungs itself- pulmonary or visceral pleura One membrane lines the thoracic cavity and the upper portion of the diaphragm- parietal pleura Double-walled sac Space between the two membranes is pleural cavity – filled with pleural fluid. This fluid is necessary to prevent friction between the two membranes as they rub against one another during each breath we take.
- A septum or cavity between two principal portions of an organ. Contains the heart and its large vessels, trachea, esophagus, thymus, lymph nodes, and connective tissue Also called the interpleural space Located between the lungs Contains the thoracic viscera
- Diaphragm is a MUSCLE.
- Upper Respiratory System Nose Sinuses Pharynx Epiglottis Larynx Lower Respiratory System Trachea Lungs Bronchi Alveoli