1. Advances in Genetics
Heredity - Section 5.3

2. Bizarre examples of
genetic engineering

3. Genetic Engineering
Genetic engineering is a laboratory technique used by
scientists to change the DNA of living organisms.
Where is genetic engineering used?
To help produce large volumes of medicine.
Change how cells perform their normal functions.
Create plants that are resistant to disease

4. Recombinant DNA
Producing recombinant DNA is one type of genetic
engineering.
Recombinant DNA is made by inserting a useful segment
of DNA from one organism into a bacterium.
The bacterium then reproduces itself and also the
recombinant DNA.
This method is used to produce large quantities of
human insulin, human growth hormone, and other
chemicals by bacteria.

5. Recombinant DNA
DNA LOOP – A piece of double-stranded DNA. It carries genes that
are not essential to the bacteria, but can help a bacteria survive in
certain circumstances.

7. Gene Therapy
Another form of genetic engineering is gene transfer
(gene therapy).
The goal is to replace abnormal genetic material with
normal genetic material.
Gene therapy may help with genetic disorders, such a
cystic fibrosis.
Normal DNA or RNA is placed in a virus, the virus then
delivers the normal DNA or RNA to target cells.

8. Gene Therapy

9. Gene Therapy

10. Gene Therapy
learn.genetics.com
Already completed Section 1 in 5.2
Do Section 2 and part of 3 together
Students do Section 4 and 5 on own

11. Selective Breeding
Selective breeding is the process of breeding plants and
animals for particular traits.

12. Selective Breeding
A farmer wants to breed a variety of cow that produces a lot of
milk, the farmer will then identify the cows that produce the
most milk and allow them to breed with one another. Repeat the
process as many times as necessary by allowing the offspring to
reproduce with another until desired goal has been achieved.

13. Selective Breeding
Dogs are another good example of selective breeding.
Gamekeepers who hunted birds for leisure in the 1800s wanted
a dog that didn’t actually exist so they selectively breed a
mastiff and a bulldog to get the qualities that they wanted.
Mastiffs were big and strong who were also good companions
but they lacked in speed and aggression. The bulldog however
was aggressive and fast but lacked in strength. The selective
breeding process eventually produced a bullmastiff which was
large, quick, strong and aggressive.

14. Selective Breeding
bulldog
+
mastiff
= bullmastiff

15. Selective Breeding
http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/harvest/engineer/select.html

16. Genetically engineered
Breeding
http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/harvest/etc/video.html

17. Genetically Engineered
Plants
Genetic engineering can produce improvements in crop
plants (corn, wheat, rice).
You select a gene that produces a desired trait in one
plant and then insert that gene(s) into a different
plant.

18. Genetically Engineered
Plants

19. Genetically Engineered
Plants
http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/harvest/coming/coming.html

20. Stem Cells
learn.genetics.com
The Nature of Stem Cells video - watch together
Unlocking the Stem Cell Potential - video - watch together
Go, Go Stems Cells - students must choose 3 types of cells and answer
various questions (where are the stem cells located for this tissue?)
Stem Cell Quick Reference - students do on own with worksheet
The Stem Cell Debate - students do on own with worksheet

22. Stem Cells

23. Stem Cells

24. Cloning
learn.genetics.com
Click and Clone - online lab - students do on own
Is it cloning or not - online quiz
Why Clone - students do on own with worksheet
What are the Risks of Cloning? - students do on own with worksheet
What are some Issues in Cloning? - discuss as a class