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BAKAR 
 Autori prezentacije: 
Jovan Ćosović i Aleksandar Lazarević VIII-1 
OŠ ”Jovan Dučić” 
Beograd, novembar 2013.
 Bakar je poznat od davnina, kao osnovni 
sastojak bronze. 
 Zapravo, poznat je još u praistorijsko doba, pa 
se i doba u ljudskoj istoriji naziva Bakarnim 
dobom. 
 Latinski naziv za bakar je cuprum iz kojeg je 
izveden simbol za elemenat (Cu).
Nalaženje: 
 U malim količinama je u elementarnom stanju, 
ali uglavnom je u obliku jedinjenja. 
 Zastupljen je u zemljinoj kori u vidu minerala 
(halkopirita, halkozina,...) 
 Najveći izvor bakra u ishrani su morski plodovi a 
među njima bakra najviše ima u ostrigama. 
Bakar se takođe može naći i u zrnastom crnom 
hlebu, mahunastom povrću, kuvanim 
iznutricama i kiviju.
Osobine: 
 Čisti bakar je crvenkasto-braon boje 
 Mek metal 
 Vrlo velike toplotne i električne provodljivosti 
 Na vazduhu ne podleže koroziji
Atomski 
broj 
Relativna 
atomska 
masa 
Oznaka
Jedinjenja: 
 CuSO4 ima baktericidne osobine,a bezvodni 
upija vodu. 
 Kompleksna jedinjenja bakra su stabilna. 
 Vodeni rastvori soli bakra(I) imaju intezivnu 
zelenu, a rastvori soli bakra(II) intenzivnu plavu 
boju.
Rastvori: 
 Bakar sa kalajem, cinkom, molibdenom i drugim 
prelaznim metalima čini grupu rastopa koji se 
uopšteno nazivaju bronziti. 
 Od njih su najpoznatiji: tombak koji podseća na 
zlato i koji ima veoma dobre mehaničke osobine 
i otpornost na koroziju.
Upotreba: 
 Bakar se masovno upotrebljava za produkciju 
električnih provodnika i uopšte u elektronici. 
 Bakar se dodaje u razne legure. Meša se i sa 
srebrom i zlatom što u znatnoj meri poboljšava 
njihove mehaničke osobine. 
 U građevinarstvu se bakar koristi kao krovni 
pokrivač i za izradu oluka, a od skora i kao 
materijal za oblaganje fasada.
Alhemija: 
 Alhemičari su znali za bakar i koristili 
ga.Alhemijski simbol za bakar je isti kao I simbol 
za ženski pol (♀). 
 Paracelzus, koji je praktično uveo poznavanje 
hemije u medicinu (hemijatrija) je u terapijama 
koristio hemikalije, koje su između ostalog 
sadržavale i bakar.
Bakarno doba: 
 Još u 6. milenijumu p.n.e. čovek je koristio 
bakar, što dokazuju perlice pronađene na 
arheološkim lokalitetima, koje su napravljene od 
samorodnog bakra, ali to se ne može smatrati 
za početak metalurgije. 
 Period u praistoriji koji je obeležilo početak 
metalurgije i otkriće bakra, metala koji počinje 
da se koristi u izradi primitivnog oruđa i oružja u 
literaturi se naziva Bakarno doba (eneolit, 
halkolit ili kameno bakarno doba).
 Mešanjem bakra i kalaja dobijena je tvrda 
legura - bronza, koja potiskuje u potpunosti 
kamen kao materijal za izradu predmeta. Bakar 
nije jedini metal po kome je nazvano čitavo 
jedno doba u praistoriji čovečanstva, upravo po 
bronzi naziva se sledeće doba-bronzano doba.
Bakar2 131106153126-phpapp01

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Bakar2 131106153126-phpapp01

  • 1. BAKAR  Autori prezentacije: Jovan Ćosović i Aleksandar Lazarević VIII-1 OŠ ”Jovan Dučić” Beograd, novembar 2013.
  • 2.  Bakar je poznat od davnina, kao osnovni sastojak bronze.  Zapravo, poznat je još u praistorijsko doba, pa se i doba u ljudskoj istoriji naziva Bakarnim dobom.  Latinski naziv za bakar je cuprum iz kojeg je izveden simbol za elemenat (Cu).
  • 3. Nalaženje:  U malim količinama je u elementarnom stanju, ali uglavnom je u obliku jedinjenja.  Zastupljen je u zemljinoj kori u vidu minerala (halkopirita, halkozina,...)  Najveći izvor bakra u ishrani su morski plodovi a među njima bakra najviše ima u ostrigama. Bakar se takođe može naći i u zrnastom crnom hlebu, mahunastom povrću, kuvanim iznutricama i kiviju.
  • 4. Osobine:  Čisti bakar je crvenkasto-braon boje  Mek metal  Vrlo velike toplotne i električne provodljivosti  Na vazduhu ne podleže koroziji
  • 5. Atomski broj Relativna atomska masa Oznaka
  • 6. Jedinjenja:  CuSO4 ima baktericidne osobine,a bezvodni upija vodu.  Kompleksna jedinjenja bakra su stabilna.  Vodeni rastvori soli bakra(I) imaju intezivnu zelenu, a rastvori soli bakra(II) intenzivnu plavu boju.
  • 7. Rastvori:  Bakar sa kalajem, cinkom, molibdenom i drugim prelaznim metalima čini grupu rastopa koji se uopšteno nazivaju bronziti.  Od njih su najpoznatiji: tombak koji podseća na zlato i koji ima veoma dobre mehaničke osobine i otpornost na koroziju.
  • 8. Upotreba:  Bakar se masovno upotrebljava za produkciju električnih provodnika i uopšte u elektronici.  Bakar se dodaje u razne legure. Meša se i sa srebrom i zlatom što u znatnoj meri poboljšava njihove mehaničke osobine.  U građevinarstvu se bakar koristi kao krovni pokrivač i za izradu oluka, a od skora i kao materijal za oblaganje fasada.
  • 9.
  • 10. Alhemija:  Alhemičari su znali za bakar i koristili ga.Alhemijski simbol za bakar je isti kao I simbol za ženski pol (♀).  Paracelzus, koji je praktično uveo poznavanje hemije u medicinu (hemijatrija) je u terapijama koristio hemikalije, koje su između ostalog sadržavale i bakar.
  • 11. Bakarno doba:  Još u 6. milenijumu p.n.e. čovek je koristio bakar, što dokazuju perlice pronađene na arheološkim lokalitetima, koje su napravljene od samorodnog bakra, ali to se ne može smatrati za početak metalurgije.  Period u praistoriji koji je obeležilo početak metalurgije i otkriće bakra, metala koji počinje da se koristi u izradi primitivnog oruđa i oružja u literaturi se naziva Bakarno doba (eneolit, halkolit ili kameno bakarno doba).
  • 12.  Mešanjem bakra i kalaja dobijena je tvrda legura - bronza, koja potiskuje u potpunosti kamen kao materijal za izradu predmeta. Bakar nije jedini metal po kome je nazvano čitavo jedno doba u praistoriji čovečanstva, upravo po bronzi naziva se sledeće doba-bronzano doba.