4. EXAMPLES OF TRADITIONAL EARTHEN BUILDINGS
âPUEBLO DE TAOSâ
USA, 11th â 15th cent.
âMANHATTAN OF THE DESERTâ
Shibam, Jemen, 3th cent.
âALTER BAUâ
Germany, 1445
âTULOUâ
Fujian, China, since 15th cent.
âLAND OF THE BATAMMARIBA â
Koutammakou, Togo
Ziegert | Roswag | Seiler Architekten Ingenieure zrs-berlin.de
5. ADVANTAGES OF EARTHEN BUILDINGS â LIFECYCLE OF A BUILDING
Earthen building vs. concrete building
Ziegert | Roswag | Seiler Architekten Ingenieure zrs-berlin.de
6. HUMIDITY ACTIVITY OF EARTHEN BUILDING MATERIALS
High absorption / Storing of humidity in earth
Graphic of humidity regulation capability Comparison of absorption in
of earth plaster (top) and nonâearth plaster (bottom) 24 h
gâ/m2
50
30
10
2 6 10 14 18 Centre of Earth
22
Hours Brainstorming Berli
gâ/m2
Centre of Earthen Building CEB
Brainstorming Berlin 15th December 2009
50
Grafische Darstellung der Luftfeuchtesorption
bei Lehmputzen (oben) und Nicht-Lehmputzen (unten) 30
WasserdampfmolekĂŒle in der Raumluft 10
Grafische Darstellung der Luftfeuchtesorption
bei Lehmputzen (oben) und Nicht-Lehmputzen (unten) Anstrich auf Lehmputz
2 6 10 14 18 22
Humidity in the air in der Raumluft
WasserdampfmolekĂŒle Poren, Porenkanal und Feststoff Lehmputz Hours
Earth plaster
Anstrich auf Lehmputz Cementauf Nicht-Lehmputz
Anstrich plaster
Pores in earth und Feststoff Lehmputz
Poren, Porenkanal Pores in cement plaster
Poren, Porenkanal und Feststoff Nicht-Lehmputz
Anstrich auf Nicht-Lehmputz
Ziegert | Roswag | Seiler Architekten Ingenieure
Poren, Porenkanal und Feststoff Nicht-Lehmputz zrs-berlin.de
7. REGULATION OF INDOOR TEMPERATURE â HUMIDITY AND TEMPERATURE
Comparison of earthen buildings vs. concrete buildings
40 Indoorâtemperatureâearthenâbuilding
35
30
TemperatureâC°
25
20
15
10
4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 2 4
Timeâofâday
At highhigh temperatures mudmud walls give humidity ThisThis causes cooling.
At temperatures the the walls give humidity off. off. causes cooling. The The mud walls absorb humidity and and cool down over night.
mud walls absorb the the humidity cool down over night. 40 Indoorâtemperatureâconcreteâbuilding
35
30
TemperatureâC°
25
20
15
10
4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 2 4
Timeâofâday
The The concrete walls heating up quickly. Heat is passing through.
concrete walls are are heating up quickly. Heat is passing through. The The concrete walls, beeing heatenduring daytime, release heatheat over night.
concrete walls, beeing heaten up up during daytime, release over night.
Measurements by Hassan Fathy as well as Ziegert | Roswag | Seiler Architekten Ingenieure
Ziegert | Roswag | Seiler Architekten Ingenieure zrs-berlin.de
8. JAHILI FORT, AL AIN, ABU DHABI
Conversion of a historic earthen fort
Jahili Fort Al Ain Groundplan before restoration 1:500 R o s w a g & J
N
5,0 m
Ziegert | Roswag | Seiler Architekten Ingenieure zrs-berlin.de
9. JAHILI FORT, AL AIN, ABU DHABI
Rebuilding of the rough work, completely made of historic building materials
Mortar and plaster were soaked, earth blocks were stored and reused
Ziegert | Roswag | Seiler Architekten Ingenieure zrs-berlin.de
10. JAHILI FORT, AL AIN, ABU DHABI
The historic floor plan was reconstructed, exhibition is structured by lighting elements
Historic, high-class, refined surface materials characterise aesthetics
Ziegert | Roswag | Seiler Architekten Ingenieure zrs-berlin.de
11. 08 Lehmbekleidung, Steuerung Raumklima
09 Passive Solarenergienutzung ĂŒber Fenster
HAUS MĂLLER UND RUTSCHKE, REICHENOW
10 Low-energy house without ventilation system
WĂ€rmeversorgung ĂŒber Fussbodenheizung
11 Solarenergienutzung Solarkollektor
12 Schichtenspeicher, integrierter Gasbrenner
13 Zusatzheizung, Passivhauskamin
11
04
08
01 Building ground 06
02 Floor slab, cellular glas insulation, reinforced concrete
03 Walls wooden building, cellulose 10
03
04 Roof wooden building, cellulose
05 Floor construction ground floor, floor heating
06 Interior wall wooden building, earth 07 09
60°
07 Solid wooden board ceiling
08 Earthen facing, controlling indoor temperature
09 Passive solar energy use via windows 12
10 WĂ€rmeversorgung ĂŒber Fussbodenheizung
40° 13
05
11 Solar energy use Solar collector 01 20°
12 Solar storage, integrated gas burner
13 Additional heating, passive house fireplace
02
Ziegert | Roswag | Seiler Architekten Ingenieure zrs-berlin.de
12. HAUS MĂLLER UND RUTSCHKE, REICHENOW
Wooden building / Infill with earth blocks
Ziegert | Roswag | Seiler Architekten Ingenieure zrs-berlin.de
13. HAUS MĂLLER UND RUTSCHKE, REICHENOW
Floor- and wall heating / earth plaster
Ziegert | Roswag | Seiler Architekten Ingenieure zrs-berlin.de
14. HAUS MĂLLER UND RUTSCHKE, REICHENOW
Ziegert | Roswag | Seiler Architekten Ingenieure zrs-berlin.de
15. SCHOOL HANDMADE IN BANGLADESH
Ziegert | Roswag | Seiler Architekten Ingenieure zrs-berlin.de
16. SCHOOL HANDMADE IN BANGLADESH
Design of the school according to the principle âdry feet and big hatâ
section
loorplan
1,0 m
1,0 m
1st floor
1,0 m
groundfloor
Ziegert | Roswag | Seiler Architekten Ingenieure zrs-berlin.de
17. SCHOOL HANDMADE IN BANGLADESH
Ground floor walls made of 4 layers of cob,
connection to the bamboo ceiling through stakes in cob
Ziegert | Roswag | Seiler Architekten Ingenieure zrs-berlin.de
18. SCHOOL HANDMADE IN BANGLADESH
Bamboo rafter
Ziegert | Roswag | Seiler Architekten Ingenieure zrs-berlin.de
19. SCHOOL HANDMADE IN BANGLADESH
Prefabricated bamboo frames out of 3-layered roof rafter, earth filling
Ziegert | Roswag | Seiler Architekten Ingenieure zrs-berlin.de
20. SCHOOL HANDMADE IN BANGLADESH
âProtectedâ earthen class rooms on the ground floor,
caves on the ground floor, bamboo class on the first floor
Ziegert | Roswag | Seiler Architekten Ingenieure zrs-berlin.de
21. TIPU SULTAN MERKEZ EARTH SCHOOL IN PAKISTAN
Draft
Ziegert | Roswag | Seiler Architekten Ingenieure zrs-berlin.de
22. TIPU SULTAN MERKEZ EARTH SCHOOL IN PAKISTAN
State of construction July 2011
Ziegert | Roswag | Seiler Architekten Ingenieure zrs-berlin.de
23. HABITAT INITIATIVE CABO DELGADO, MOZAMBIQUE
A School project for the Aga Khan Foundation in Mozambique
Ziegert | Roswag | Seiler Architekten Ingenieure zrs-berlin.de
24. HABITAT INITIATIVE CABO DELGADO, MOZAMBIQUE
Rural life in the village
Ziegert | Roswag | Seiler Architekten Ingenieure zrs-berlin.de
25. HABITAT INITIATIVE CABO DELGADO, MOZAMBIQUE
Study of local building methods / Wattle and Daub
Ziegert | Roswag | Seiler Architekten Ingenieure zrs-berlin.de
26. HABITAT INITIATIVE CABO DELGADO, MOZAMBIQUE
Study of local building methods / Earth blocks without damp-proof course
Ziegert | Roswag | Seiler Architekten Ingenieure zrs-berlin.de
27. HABITAT INITIATIVE CABO DELGADO, MOZAMBIQUE
Study of local building methods / Problems
- rising damp
- termites
- inadequate roof construction
Ziegert | Roswag | Seiler Architekten Ingenieure zrs-berlin.de
28. HABITAT INITIATIVE CABO DELGADO, MOZAMBIQUE
Habitat Initiative Cabo Delgado, Mozambique
Life cycle of a Building /Khan Foundation (Mozambique)
Aga Future of Housing
- average life of a person in Mozambique: 43 years
hner
- average lifespan of a building: 8 years
s
- that can mean 5 houses per a lifetime
- 30% of their lifetime houses are in bad conditions
durchschnittlichepLebenserwartungiteines Menschen
e ex ectancy
of the inhab ants
Lif
16 24 32 40
0 8 16
zrs-berlin.de 24 32 40 years
GebÀudezyklus
Ziegert | Roswag | Seiler Architekten Ingenieure zrs-berlin.de
30. HABITAT INITIATIVE CABO DELGADO, MOZAMBIQUE
Transformation / Foundation
1 1
9
elbissopmi noisivid
8
1
2
2 2
3 3 3
4 4
4
1 Wooden post, carbonised 1 Sundried earth blocks 1 Wooden post, carbonised
2 Natural stones 2 Moisture barrier, plastic foil 2 Natural stones
3 Mortar, stabilised 3 Earth blocks, stabilised 3 Mortar, stabilised
4 Rammed earth 4 Rammed earth, stabilised 4 Rammed earth
The carbonised lower part of the Cement stablised foundation supports The carbonised lower part of the
post and the foundation with steadiness and in combination with post and the foundation with
natural stones beneïŹts the resist- the moisture barrier it prevents dam- natural stones beneïŹts the resist-
ance against humidity and insects ages caused by upraising humidity ance against humidity and insects
Ziegert | Roswag | Seiler Architekten Ingenieure zrs-berlin.de
31. HABITAT INITIATIVE CABO DELGADO, MOZAMBIQUE
Transformation / Roof construction
2
3
1
1 3-layer bamboo rafter
2 Half bamboo batten 1
2
2
3 Prefabricated palm leave shingles
3
4 3
Compact rooïŹng with palm leaves
protects against rain and overheating
1
1 3-layer bamboo rafter 1 3-layer bamboo rafter
2 Fixed bamboo poles 2 Half bamboo batten
Ziegert | Roswag | Seiler Architekten Ingenieure 3 Prefabricated palm leave shingles
3 Dowel, connecting rafter with purlin zrs-berlin.de
4 Dowels, ïŹxing purlin to the poles
32. HABITAT INITIATIVE CABO DELGADO, MOZAMBIQUE
Development of rafter (3-Layers)
Ziegert | Roswag | Seiler Architekten Ingenieure zrs-berlin.de
34. HABITAT INITIATIVE CABO DELGADO, MOZAMBIQUE
Roof Construction made of bamboo trusses
Habitat Initiative Cabo Delgado, Mosambik
Offener LĂŒftungsgiebel / Dachtragwerk, Pfetten und Dachbindern aus Bambus / Innenraum, gekalkte LehmwĂ€nden und Bambusdach
Offener LĂŒftungsgiebel / Dachtragwerk, Pfetten und Dachbindern aus Bambus / Innenraum, gekalkte LehmwĂ€nden und Bambusdach
Begutachtung derder Verbindung von Dachbinder und Pfette / Montage von Dachlatten / Montage der Werkstatt
Begutachtung Verbindung von Dachbinder und Pfette / Montage von Dachlatten / Montage von Dachbindern in von Dachbindern in der Werkstatt
Ziegert | Roswag | Seiler Architekten Ingenieure Ziegert | Roswag | Seiler Architekten Ingenieure zrs-berlin.de
Ziegert | Roswag | Seiler Architekten Ingenieure
35. HABITAT INITIATIVE CABO DELGADO, MOZAMBIQUE
Training of local people
Ziegert | Roswag | Seiler Architekten Ingenieure zrs-berlin.de
37. HABITAT INITIATIVE CABO DELGADO, MOZAMBIQUE
Prototype in 25 de Junho
AuĂenansicht des Prototypen inin 25 de Junho
AuĂenansicht des Prototypen 25 de Junho
Bank- und Fensterdetails
Bank- und Fensterdetails
Klassenraum inin 25 de Junho
Klassenraum 25 de Junho
Schulkinder mit Sitz- und Schreibmöbel
Schulkinder mit Sitz- und Schreibmöbel
56 Projekte: NeubauSeiler
Ziegert | Roswag |
56 Projekte: Neubau Architekten Ingenieure zrs-berlin.de
38. HABITAT INITIATIVE CABO DELGADO, MOZAMBIQUE
Further development to basic school type
Ziegert | Roswag | Seiler Architekten Ingenieure zrs-berlin.de
39. HABITAT INITIATIVE CABO DELGADO, MOZAMBIQUE
Simple school type
Ziegert | Roswag | Seiler Architekten Ingenieure zrs-berlin.de