Brief presentation about the conflicts leading up to the Civil War over the Kansas-Nebraska Act

1. Section 10.2

2. Missouri Compromise
 States admitted in pairs,
one slave, one free
 36˚ 30’ line will divide
new states and territories
between north (free) and
south (slave)
 Congress decides fate of
slavery
Compromise of 1850
 POPULAR SOVEREIGNTY
would decide about
slavery in New Mexico
and Utah Territories
 States will decide fate of
slavery

3.  fugitives not permitted a trial by jury
 could not testify on their own behalf
 just a statement from the slave-owner was needed for a
slave to be returned
 $10 was offered when
fugitives were
returned
 those found helping a
fugitive had to pay
$1000 fine and
serve six months in
prison

4. Response to the Fugitive Slave Act
1. some organized committees to send endangered
African Americans to Canada (Underground
Railroad)

5. Response to the Fugitive Slave Act
2. Some resorted to violence to rescue fugitive
slaves
3. some northern states passed PERSONAL LIBERTY
LAWS which forbade the imprisonment of
runaway slaves and guaranteed they would have
jury trials

6. Uncle Tom’s Cabin
 written by Harriet
Beecher Stowe
 novel about the escape of
a slave and the death of
another
 excited emotions in both
the North and the South

7. Missouri Compromise
 States admitted in pairs,
one slave, one free
 36˚ 30’ line will divide
new states and territories
between north (free) and
south (slave)
 Congress decides fate of
slavery
Kansas-Nebraska Act
 Nebraska Territory
divided in two: Kansas &
Nebraska
 Missouri Compromise
repealed
 Popular Sovereignty to
determine fate of slavery
in both territories

9.  After the Kansas-Nebraska Act was passed both sides
poured into Kansas to strengthen their numbers and
cause
 1855 Kansas had enough settlers to hold an election
 “border ruffians” from Missouri came into the state to
throw the election and succeeded

10. “Sack of Lawrence” (Anti-Slavery Settlement)
 Pro-slavery grand jury condemned Lawrence
inhabitants as traitor and called on local sheriff to
arrest them
 Pro-slavery posse of 800 men swept into Lawrence,
burnt down the anti-slavery head quarters, destroyed
two newspapers’ printing presses, looted many horses
and stores

11. “Pottawatomie Massacre” (Pro-Slavery Settlement)
 John Brown and followers pulled 5 men from their
beds and killed them with swords
 Dozens of incidents in Kansas followed
 “Bleeding Kansas”

12. “Pottawatomie Massacre” (Pro-Slavery Settlement)
 MA Senator Charles Sumner gives impassioned speech
(“The Crimes Against Kansas”)for 2 days
 Verbally attacked his colleagues for supporting slavery
– he was particularly harsh toward Andrew Butler of
SC
 Congressman Preston Brooks comes over to the Senate
chamber and takes up the honor of Butler (uncle) and
SC and beats Sumner repeatedly about the head with
his cane

14. 1) Which is NOT an
element of the
photograph?
a) large baskets of cotton
b) a cotton field
c) a cotton gin
d) shoulder bags of cotton
This photograph, entitled “Slave
family picking cotton in the fields near
Savannah,” depicts the working
conditions experienced by many
enslaved persons in the South.

15. 2) What noticeable
contrast do you observe
within the family in the
photograph?
a) their ages
b) their work assignments
c) their style of clothing
d) None of the above
This photograph, entitled “Slave
family picking cotton in the fields near
Savannah,” depicts the working
conditions experienced by many
enslaved persons in the South.

16. 3) What would NOT be
part of the description of
the family in the
photograph?
a) worn and stained
clothing
b) wide-brimmed hats
c) a child touching a
basket of cotton
d) an adult talking to an
overseer
This photograph, entitled “Slave
family picking cotton in the fields near
Savannah,” depicts the working
conditions experienced by many
enslaved persons in the South.

17. 4) After viewing this
photograph, a northern
viewer would probably
conclude that slavery was
a) harsh and oppressive.
b) difficult but civilizing.
c) challenging but
rewarding.
d) None of the above.
This photograph, entitled “Slave
family picking cotton in the fields near
Savannah,” depicts the working
conditions experienced by many
enslaved persons in the South.

18. Slavery has been described
as “difficult but civilizing.”
Evaluate this statement
and explain.
This photograph, entitled “Slave
family picking cotton in the fields near
Savannah,” depicts the working
conditions experienced by many
enslaved persons in the South.