1. Assignment
on
IP Telephony Solution for Ticket
Reservation System
Name: Md. Kaziul Islam Bulbul
Subject: ETE 605
Section: 1
ID: 071489556
North South University.
Spring 2008

2. Introduction:
What is IP telephony Solution?
IP telephony refers to telephony applications whose information (voice and fax) is
transported over TCP/IP-based networks as packetized data. This is a distinct departure
from the traditional telephony voice network whose analog or digital signals traverse
dedicated circuit- switched connections of the public switched telephone network
(PSTN). Because IP telephony is based on open-standard technologies and can run on any
IP network, it enables voice and data convergence on a single, business network
infrastructure. With IP telephony, the phone system is finally at parity with the computer
system in the areas of features, usability, and business productivity.
IP telephony vendors offer both phased TDM migration and pure IP solutions for
businesses. For SMBs desiring a gradual migration to an IP voice environment, hybrid
IP/TDM solutions are available which not only interface with the PSTN but also existing
legacy TDM switches in the corporate network. Pure IP switches are available for
businesses opting to move to a complete IP environment. These IP switches can also
interface with the PSTN.
IP telephony, however, is not synonymous with other popular terms such as VoIP and
Internet telephony and should not be used interchangeably.
• VoIP refers to the conversion of voice into IP packets and the transport of these
converted voice data packets over the IP network.
• Internet telephony is a technology enabling phone calls to be made over the public
Internet using PCs voice enabled by sound cards and phone software. The definition is
broadening to include other forms of media such as video, images, multimedia, etc.,
The main distinction between IP telephony (IPT), VoIP, and Internet telephony is that IP
telephony drives voice applications onto the desktop and enhances the end user’
experience and productivity. IPT enables phone calls over a business’ private LAN and
WAN, not over the public Internet. It is more than just a direct replacement for the PBX
or key system since it enables new applications, increases interconnectivities with
computing applications, and helps organizations save costs.
Benefits of IP Telephony for SMBs
A growing number of telecom/IT and business-unit executives are opting out of their
current TDM environments in favor of IP-centric environments. Business decision
makers are swayed by the lowered cost of IPT solutions and the improvements in IP
telephony’s performance, reliability, and features.

3. These improvements are important as IP telephony--at a minimum-- must be at
parity with TDM-based systems. In the end, new, efficient, IP-enabled voice applications,
which are either hidden or non-existent in TDM solutions, win over businesses. Adopters
made the business case that IP telephony is the most affordable and effective way to
modify current telecom systems to meet changing business dynamics. Direct benefits
from changing systems include multi departmental cost savings, increased employee
productivity, and the ability to manage voice and data in a single network.
There are four major disruptive triggers causing businesses to adopt IP telephony. They
are
• Organizational dynamics
• Need to improve customer service
• Single network maintenance
• Improved employee productivity, accountability, and satisfaction
Ticket Reservation system
Ticket Reservation system can be build by using IP telephony. It can be
Interactive voice Response (IVR) based or SMS based or call center based. IVR systems
are complex network elements providing a comprehensive set of features and
functionality in order to complete or even substitute human call agents. The IVR system
is very often the only contact a caller has with a company when he requests a service,
such as reserving a ticket for a movie. It is therefore very important that the IVR system
provides high quality, in terms of robustness, stability, correctness of the menu branches
and quality of the voice announcements. Ticket Reservation Solution can be applicable in
many fields, like
1. Air Ticket Reservation System
2. Bus Ticket Reservation System
3. Cinema Ticket Reservation System
4. Railway Ticket Reservation System
Why Reservation System Necessary
Conventionally, a customer, in order to buy a ticket such as an admission ticket to
a movie, a boarding ticket, or the like in advance, should directly visit a reservation center
and buy in advance a ticket on which a date and time are fixed. It causes a inconvenience
to a customer since the customer should visit a reservation center before a reservation

4. date for such a ticket reservation. Therefore, a ticket reservation system using a
communication is developed in order to overcome such a inconvenience.
Interactive Voice Response Systems
Interactive Voice Response systems represent a powerful means for automating
business and customer-facing processes. IVR systems process phone calls, play
pre-recorded messages, provide callers with real-time data from any number of databases
and potentially route calls to service agents. IVR technology requires virtually no human
interaction over the telephone, as the user's interaction with the database is predetermined
by what the IVR system will allow the user access to. For example, banks and credit card
companies use IVR systems so that their customers can receive up-to-date account
information instantly and easily without having to wait to speak with someone directly.
IVR technology is also used to gather information, as in the case of telephone surveys or
tele-votes in which the user is prompted to answer questions by pushing the numbers on a
touch-tone telephone. IVR systems can combine touch-tone input, speech recognition and
text-to-speech capabilities, resulting in high customer satisfaction and operational
effectiveness.
Fig: IVR System: Principle Architecture overview

5. Requirement’s for Successful Reservation System
1. The passenger has a prior knowledge of the reservation and ticketing system.
2. The passenger call to the Reservation Number and must follow the instruction for his
desired service.
3. Passenger is identified by name, age, sex and address.
4. Passenger seeks information on locations and timings and availability of tickets.
5. Passenger can have single ticket or multiple tickets.
6. Payment can be done by Flexiload or Credit card payment.
Business Issues to Consider for Ticket Reservation System
While there are plenty of benefits to IP telephony, a company must address 11 important
business issues before deciding to adopt it. They are:
1. Multi-departmental involvement: It is important for IT/telecom, executives, and key
department heads to discuss future dynamics of the business and come to a common
understanding of whether the current system can cost effectively support those changes.
2. Lease commitments and a desire to use existing TDM switches and phones:
Estimate the residual life of a lease commitment and the remaining allowance for
equipment depreciation. If your organization wants to continue using TDM components,
there are hybrid solutions that can make that possible.
3. Organizational impact: IP telephony may reduce existing telecom staff. Employees
whose responsibilities are heavily tied to phone use can become more productive if IP
telephony adds new functionality; or if streamlining their positions reduces their
responsibilities.
4. Upgrading of network infrastructure: Adding voice on the existing data network
means greater competition for LAN/Ethernet resources. This requires that LAN switches
and routers support quality of service (QoS) capabilities. In other words, LANs must be
able to prioritize traffic, plus ensure that the network is QoS compliant and the voice
quality is sound.
5. PC, server upgrades are required: IP telephony software can typically sit on any NT
server with decent processing power. Desktop PCs must have enough RAM to run the
client software’s applications.
6. Bandwidth upgrades: Before implementing IP telephony, many adopters have taken
advantage of good carrier rates and upgraded their bandwidth (WAN, branch offices,

6. remote workers) to accommodate increased traffic over the WAN.
7. Need for and desire of IP phones: A company doesn’t need IP phones to adopt IP
telephony, but these phones do enable end users with access to new applications. The
phones come with touch screens (some with Web browsers) and provide functionalities
such as the ability to view e-mail logs and information about an incoming caller before
clicking to talk.
8. Power concerns: IT/telecom managers must take measures to ensure the voice system
is up and running, even in the event of a power failure. This requires that there is, at
minimum, a UPS battery backup for the network and the phone system. If a company
chooses to adopt IP phones, some IP phones may require additional power.
9. Recycling of existing assets: Organizations can recycle extra network resources for IP
telephony, including servers, switches, cabling, and UPS.
10. Phased migration: Many adopters are phasing out TDM rather than replacing it with
IP overnight. IP telephony can coexist and integrate with existing equipment such as a
TDM PBX. However, green-field sites may start with IP telephony right away. Consider a
phased rollout of IPT to protect your organization in the event of major problems.
11. Future-proofing platform for upcoming business needs: IP telephony provides a
platform for businesses to grow and expand as needed, on a modular basis. It also
provides a flexible platform in which users can plug in features as needed.
Conclusion
Ticket Reservation solution by using IP Telephony now is very important solution
from Bangladeshi Prospective. By using limited resource for a huge people who travels
locally and internationally and has no such time for going to the ticket counter physically
for buying ticket. And IP telephony solution can make this task easy and acceptable to all.