Presented by BSEE Students as part of their assignment ahmad sheikh IR: Resource Person

2. SEATO AND CENTO
Presented to: M. Ahmad sheikh. (Resource person)
International Relation, at UMT
ALI MEHBOOB 101519006
MUHIB BIN JABAR 101519160
HAROON RASHID 101519199
HASEEB MUSHTAQ 101519212
HAFIZ MOAZ AFZAL 101519198

3. INTRODUCTION TO SEATO
 South East Asia Treaty Organization
is an defense treaty.
 Established on 19 February 1955 in
Bangkok ,Thailand.
 Eight members joined this organization.
 SEATO was a response to protect South East Asian
area against communist expansionism.
 Vietnam, Cambodia, and Laos (the successor states of
Indochina) were not considered for membership in
SEATO .
SEATO FLAG

4.  In September of 1954, the United States, France,
Great Britain, New Zealand, Australia, the
Philippines, Thailand and Pakistan formed the
Southeast Asia Treaty Organization, or SEATO.
 The formation of SEATO was a response to the
demand that the Southeast Asian area be protected
against communist expansionism.
 SEATO had no independent mechanism for obtaining
intelligence or deploying military forces, so the
potential for collective action was necessarily limited.

5.  The treaty defined its purposes as defensive only.
 SEATO had no standing forces but relied on the
mobile striking power.
 The organization had a number of weaknesses as well.
 SEATO had no independent mechanism for obtaining
intelligence or deploying military forces.

6. INTRODUCTION TO CENTO
 Baghdad Pact was a defensive organization for
promoting shared political, military and
economic goals.
 Founded in 1955 by Turkey, Iraq, Great
Britain, Pakistan and Iran.
 It was renamed the Central Treaty
Organization, or CENTO, in 1959 after Iraq
pulled out of the Pact.
 CENTO was created as a conventional military
alliance in the Cold War climate of the 1950s .

7.  CENTO had an elaborate organizational structure, ,
including a council of ministers, a secretariat, and an
economic committee, with subcommittees in the health,
trade, and communications fields
 CENTO’s supreme source of authority , met alternatively in
Tehran, Islamabad, Ankara, London, and Washington.
 Throughout the 1970s “détente” dominated American and
Soviet policies.
 The strategic reasons for creating CENTO in the 1950s
were no longer pertinent in the 1970s.
 But for Mo ammad-Reżā Shah CENTO remained anḥ
important institution.

8.  The main purpose of the Baghdad Pact was to prevent
communist incursions and foster peace in the Middle East.
 Although the fear of commu-nist expansion in the Northern
Tier region (i.e., Turkey, Persia, and Afghanistan) was very
real, it was unlikely that Persia, Iraq, Turkey, and Pakistan
would have come together on their own initiative without
British and American assurances.
 CENTO’s supreme source of authority, met annually at the
prime ministers’ or foreign ministers’ level, alternatively in
Tehran, Islamabad, Ankara, London, and Washington.

9. CANCELLATION OF SEATO AND
CENTO
 By the early 1970s, members began to withdraw from the
SEATO organization.
 Pakistan formally left SEATO in 1973.
 When the Vietnam War ended in 1975, the SEATO's existence
disappeared and it formally disbanded in 1977.
 The twenty-fifth and last CENTO meeting was held in 1978 in
London.
 In 1979, after the fall of Mo ammad-Reżā Shah, theḥ
government of the Islamic Republic canceled its mem-bership
in CENTO.
 Thereby the organization lost its central link and its raison
d’être.

10. CANCELLATION OF SEATO AND
CENTO
 By the early 1970s, members began to withdraw from the
SEATO organization.
 Pakistan formally left SEATO in 1973.
 When the Vietnam War ended in 1975, the SEATO's existence
disappeared and it formally disbanded in 1977.
 The twenty-fifth and last CENTO meeting was held in 1978 in
London.
 In 1979, after the fall of Mo ammad-Reżā Shah, theḥ
government of the Islamic Republic canceled its mem-bership
in CENTO.
 Thereby the organization lost its central link and its raison
d’être.