Mapping the digital Douala: lights and shadows of an African city.
Marta Pucciarelli, Sara Vannini & Lorenzo Cantoni.
Paper presented at the Community Informatics Conference: Challenges and Solution, 13-15 October 2014, Prato, Italy.
4. FOCUS OF THE PAPER
DIGITAL VS PHYSICAL DOUALA
MICRO-COMMUNITIES
ORIGIN
NEIGHBOURHOODS
5. METHODOLOGY
From Douala Zoom to online search:
Activity
category
Name
activity
Neighbourh
ood
Address Online
presence
Website Social media Origin
Art
galleries/museum
s
Espace
doual’art
Bonanjo
4.043344,
9.687063
yes www.doualart.org
www.facebook.co
m/pages/Doualar
t/352373388233
581?ref=ts&fref=t
s
local
6. METHODOLOGY
From Douala Zoom to online search:
Activity
category
Name
activity
Neighbourh
ood
Address Online
presence
Website Social media Origin
Art
galleries/museum
s
Espace
doual’art
Bonanjo
4.043344,
9.687063
yes www.doualart.org
www.facebook.co
m/pages/Doualar
t/352373388233
581?ref=ts&fref=t
s
local
1
Who is online
Micro-communities
7. METHODOLOGY
From Douala Zoom to online search:
Activity
category
Name
activity
Neighbourh
ood
Address Online
presence
Website Social media Origin
Art
galleries/museum
s
Espace
doual’art
Bonanjo
4.043344,
9.687063
yes www.doualart.org
www.facebook.co
m/pages/Doualar
t/352373388233
581?ref=ts&fref=t
s
local
1
Who is online
Micro-communities
2
Where they come from
local, national or
international origin
8. METHODOLOGY
From Douala Zoom to online search:
Activity
category
Name
activity
Neighbourh
ood
Address Online
presence
Website Social media Origin
Art
galleries/museum
s
Espace
doual’art
Bonanjo
4.043344,
9.687063
yes www.doualart.org
www.facebook.co
m/pages/Doualar
t/352373388233
581?ref=ts&fref=t
s
local
Which areas of the city they
are representing
Visible and invisible
neighbourhoods
1
Who is online
Micro-communities
3
2
Where they come from
local, national or
international origin
13. 1. Micro-communities
4835 socio economic instances
327 activity categories
20 micro-communities
716 online instances
=
14,80%
Art and culture Hospitality
Bank and Insurance Import-export
Career Professionals
Communication and media Technology
Transport Security
Industrial production and distribution Retailers
Maintenance Urban environment
Social services Entertainment
International organization Public administration
Education Health
14. Micro-communities most frequently represented
Bank and insurances
within the online landscape
Industrial production &
distribution
Entertainment
Public administration
Security
Art and culture
Social services
Maintenance
International organizations
Urban environment
Health
Import-export
Professionals
Communication and media
Retailers
Technology
Education
Hospitality
Transport
Career
0 5 10 15 20 25
Micro-Communities
% of visibility within the total available websites and social media pages
15. Micro-communities most frequently represented
Bank and insurances
within the online landscape
47,8%
Douala as economic
and commercial
capital
Industrial production &
distribution
Entertainment
Public administration
Security
Art and culture
Social services
Maintenance
International organizations
Urban environment
Health
Import-export
Professionals
Communication and media
Retailers
Technology
Education
Hospitality
Transport
Career
0 5 10 15 20 25
Micro-Communities
% of visibility within the total available websites and social media pages
16. Micro-communities most frequently represented
Bank and insurances
within their own category
Industrial production &
distribution
Entertainment
Security
Import-export
Education
Retailers
Technology
Communication and media
Professionals
Hospitality
Transport
Health
Urban environment
International organizations
Maintenance
Career
Social services
Art and culture
Public administration
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40
Micro-Communities
% of visibility within the total available websites and social media pages
17. Micro-communities most frequently represented
Bank and insurances
within their own category
Industrial production &
distribution
Entertainment
Security
Import-export
Education
Retailers
Technology
Communication and media
Professionals
Hospitality
Transport
Health
Urban environment
International organizations
Maintenance
Career
Social services
Art and culture
Public administration
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40
Micro-Communities
% of visibility within the total available websites and social media pages
18. Micro-communities most frequently represented
Bank and insurances
within their own category
Industrial production &
distribution
Entertainment
Security
Import-export
Education
Retailers
Technology
Communication and media
Professionals
Hospitality
Transport
Health
Urban environment
International organizations
Maintenance
Career
Social services
Art and culture
Public administration
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40
Micro-Communities
% of visibility within the total available websites and social media pages
19. Micro-communities most frequently represented
Bank and insurances
within their own category
Industrial production &
distribution
Entertainment
Security
Import-export
Education
Retailers
Technology
Communication and media
Professionals
Hospitality
Transport
Health
Urban environment
International organizations
Maintenance
Career
Social services
Art and culture
Public administration
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40
Micro-Communities
% of visibility within the total available websites and social media pages
20. 2. Origin of the micro-communities
Local 59,1%
International
27,1%
National 13,8%
21. 2. Origin of the micro-communities
Local 59,1%
International
27,1%
National 13,8%
Art and Culture,
entertainment and
urban environment
are 100% local
22. 2. Origin of the micro-communities
Local 59,1%
International
27,1%
National 13,8%
Art and Culture,
entertainment and
urban environment
are 100% local
Mostly international
organization, bank
and insurance,
transport and
import-export
23. 2. Origin of the micro-communities
Local 59,1%
International
27,1%
National 13,8%
Art and Culture,
entertainment and
urban environment
are 100% local
Mostly international
organization, bank
and insurance,
transport and
import-export
Social services is the
most represented
community from a
national point of view
28. Ndokoti, Maképé, New Bell, Aereoport, Zone Portuaire,
Mboppi, Axe Lourd, Nylon/Saint Michel, Sable, Log Baba:
4 to 17activities each
29. Base Elf, Base Naval, Beedi, Bepanda, Bepanda/Ominisport,
Bessengue, Bonadibong, Cité de Palmiers, Cité SIC, Koumassi,
Madagascar, Ndongbong, Ndogpassi, New Deido, Nyalla, PK8,
Yassa, Zone Universitaire:
1 to 3 activities each
33. CONCLUSIONS
The digital – visible Douala
0 economic and commercial image
0 visible neighbourhoods are only those located on the coast side of Douala,
which are better served by public services;
The digital – invisible Douala instead appears characterised by
0 Scarce involvement of the public sector in the social well being of its
inhabitants (no social services, health sectors and public administration are
present there).
0 Invisibility concerns neighbourhoods highly populated and spontaneously
growth which lack of access to any kind of public services.
0 Invisible neighbourhoods are very busy of social-economic activities, like
markets and self-organized health, social, security communities.
So, according to Tim Unwin, the image of the digital Douala, is enhancing rather
than leveraging the digital divide between whose have and whose have not
access to ICTs.
34. FUTURE WORKS
0 Temporal evolution of digital presence;
0 Comparison of the image coming from websites
against emerging spatial landmarks from:
0 User-Generated Content on maps;
0 Local and foreigners voices.
Digital divide (Unwin and Graham), where the poorest are said as TO BE at the bottom of the pyramid, or left behind in technological advancement, confined in remotes areas where they are unreachable and information arrives to late, compared to a globalized, connected and advanced world
The diffusion of the city’s cultural identity by the micro-community Art and culture (11.7%) and information relating to Security (10%) is quite valued in comparison to Retailers (11.4%) and Import –export (10.9%)
0,6% Entertainment channels of promotion pass through informal communication streams
5 quartieri
10 quartieri
18 quartieri
These are the characteristics of the neighbourhoods
At the same time, lot of things are happening there!
metterei anche qualcosa in termini geografici, non solo di tipologie di attività. Tipo direi: 1) i quartieri visibili sono piu' centrali, piu' vicini al porto, meglio collegati in termini di strade ecc.. 2) quelli invisibili sono quelli peggio collegati in termini di strade ecc, e quelli piu' abusivi, pero' sono ugualmente "busy" in termini di attività. QUINDI questa immagine sembra aumentare il digital divide, come teorizzato da Unwin!