1. Health
and
Wellness

2. Course Objectives
• 1. Develop an holistic understanding of overall
health and wellness.
• 2. Develop the awareness of major communicable
and no communicable diseases.
• 3. Understand the physiology of all the systems of
the human body.
• 4. Understand the causes of environmental
pollution and related health hazards.

3. What is Health?
• 1800s: Health vs. Sickness
• 1900s: Health vs. Physical Hygiene
• 1940s:Health is a state of complete physical,
mental, and social well-being, not merely the
absence of disease. (WHO)

4. Health
• Health is a quality of life, involving social,
emotional, mental, spiritual, and biological fitness
on the part of the individual, which results from
adaptations to the environment.
•W E L L N E S S

5. Aspects of Health

6. Physical Health
Includes characteristics such as
body size and shape, sensory
sharpness, susceptibility to
disease and disorders, body
functioning, physical fitness, and
recuperative ability.

7. Social Health
Refers to the ability to have a satisfying
interpersonal relationships: interactions with others,
the ability to adapt to various social situations, and
daily behaviors.

8. Mental/Emotional
Health
It includes feelings about
yourself, using your mind to
develop thinking skills.
People with good mental
health enjoy learning, see
mistakes as opportunities to
learn, grow and change. They
accept responsibility for their
actions and stand up for their
beliefs and values.

9. Illness-Wellness
Continuum

10. Factors that determine health or
illness
• Poor diet and nutrition
• Sedentary lifestyle
• Chronic stress
• Destructive habits
• Environmental pollution
• Internal pollution
• Genetic expression

11. Lifestyle
• the way in which a person lives

12. Health Risks/ Risk
Factors
• RISK FACTOR- any action or condition
that increases the likelihood of injury,
disease, or other negative outcome.

13. Health Risks/ Risk
Factors
• Hereditary risk factors
• Environmental risk factors - physical,
social, culture
• Behavioral risk factors

14. Nature of Diseases
• Infectious diseases
• Noninfectious diseases

15. Infectious Diseases
The infectious disease process is defined as the
interaction between the pathogenic microorganism,
the environment, and the host.

16. The chain begins with the
existence of a specific pathogenic
microorganism.
The second link is the
reservoir, an
environment where
the pathogen can
survive.

17. The third link is the
means of escape from
the reservoir.
The fourth link is the mode
of transmission from the
reservoir to the host.

18. The fifth link is the means of
entry into the host.
And the last link is the
host's susceptibility to the
pathogenic
microorganism.

19. If even one link of the chain is missing, it
interrupts the process, and no infection will
occur.