1. THE SOLAR SYSTEM AND THE
EARTH

3. THE SOLAR SYSTEM AND THE
EARTH

4. 1) The Universe
All the matter and space
that exists.
It includes celestial
bodies like:


5. Galaxy:

6. Stars:

7. Planets:

8. Satellites:

9. Asteroids:

10. Comets:

11. Meteorites:

12. Galaxy

An enormous cloud of stars and other
celestial bodies

13. Galaxy
An
enormo
us
cloud of
stars
and
other
celestial
bodies

Has 4 shapes:
1.
2.
3.
4.
Spherical
Elliptical
Spiral
Irregular
Our Galaxy is the Milky Way. It has a
spherical shape.

14. Stars
-A
celestial
body
with a
spheric
al
shape
- Made
of
gases
1.
Color
Example:
The sun is a yellow-orange star.
2.
Size
Example:
large star = giant star
small star = dwarf star
*The sun is a dwarf star!

15. Sun
Moves in two ways:
1.
2.
Rotation
Revolution

16. Planets
•
large spherical bodies that revolve around a
star

17. Natural Satellites:
•
•
smaller celestial bodies that revolve around
planets
the Earth has only one natural satellite: the
moon

18. Asteroids
•
•
bodies of rock
smaller than planets

19. Comets
•
bodies of rock and ice

20. Meteorites
•
•
Also called shooting star
Small pieces of rock from asteroids and
comets that travel through space

21. The Universe
All the matter and
space that exists
Galaxy
Stars
Enormous cloud of
stars and celestial
bodies
A celestial body
with the spherical
shape that is
made of gases
Example: The
Milky Way Galaxy
Classified
according to its
color and shape
Example: the Sun
Planets
Large spherical
bodies that
revolve around a
star
Satellites
Small celestial
bodies that
revolve around
planets
Asteroids
Bodies of rock
Comets
Bodies of rock and
ice
Meteorites
Also called
shooting stars
Small pieces of
rocks from
asteroids and
comets

22. Copy and answer in your
notebook.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Galaxies are enormous
________________ of stars, gases and
cosmic dust.
The Milky Way galaxy has a
________________ shape.
The Sun is a ________________ star.
________________ are bodies of rock
and ice.
________________ are large sphercial
bodies that revolve around a star.

23. 2) Our solar system


part of the Milky Way (Via Lactea) Galaxy.
includes the Sun and all the celestial bodies that
revolve around it, such as:
• Planets
• Natural
satellites
• Asteroids
• Comets
• Meteorite
s

24. Planets
Inner planets:
Mercury The Earth
Venus
Mars

Outer planets:
Jupiter
Saturn
Uranus
Neptune
•

25. 3) How does the Earth move?



Rotation:
The Earth rotates on an imaginary axis.
It takes 24 hours.

26. 3) How does the Earth move?



Revolution:
The Earth revolves around the Sun in an
elliptical orbit.
It takes one year (365 days, 6 hours
and 9 minutes).

27. The Milky Way
Galaxy
Sun
Planets
Other celestial
bodies
Inner Planets
Mercury
Venus
Outer Planets
Mars
Earth
Rotates
Takes 24
hours
Jupiter
Revolves
Takes 365 ¼
days
Saturn
Uranus
Neptune

28. Copy and answer in your
notebook.
1.
2.
3.
4.
The four planets closest to the sun are
________________,
________________, ________________
and ________________.
These planets are called
________________.
The Earth completes one
________________ every 24 hours.
The Earth takes one ________________
to go around the Sun.

29. 4) The Layers of the Earth
1.
Atmosphere


2.
Hydrosphere

3.
Contains various gases
Surrounds the whole planet
All the water that exists in the Earth
Geosphere


Solid part of the Earth
Has different layers

30. Layers of the Geosphere

Crust
 Outer
layer of the geosphere made of rocks
 Includes the Earth´s continents, islands and
ocean floors

Mantle
 Layer

of rock under the crust, very hot
Core
 Inner
layer of the geosphere
 Made of iron

31. Layers of the
Earth
Atmosphere
Hydrosphere
Geosphere
Made of
gases
All the water
in Earth
Solid part of
the Earth
Crust
Mantle
Core

32. Copy and answer in your
notebook.
1.
2.
3.
Name the layers of the Earth´s
atmosphere.
Draw and label the layers of the
geosphere.
On which part of the geosphere do
people live?

33. 5) The Moon

1.
2.
moves in two ways:
It rotates on an imaginary axis. It takes
28 days.
It revolves around the Earth. It takes 28
days.
During this time, we see different lunar
phases:

34. 1. New moon

35. 2. First quarter

36. 3. Full moon

37. 4. Last quarter

38. Eclipse
Happens when the Sun, the Earth and the
Moon are in a straight line
 There are two kinds of eclipse


39. Solar Eclipse

The Moon is between the Sun and the
Earth

40. Lunar Eclipse


The Earth is between the Sun and the Moon
Happens during the Full Moon

41. The Moon
Lunar
Phases
Moves
Rotates on
an
imaginary
axis
Eclipses
Revolves
around the
Earth
New Moon
First
Quarter
Solar
Eclipse
Lunar
Eclipse
Takes 28
days
Full Moon
Last
Quarter
Sun - Moon
- Earth
Sun - Earth
- Moon

42. Answer in your notebook.
Match the pictures with the Moon´s
phases.
 Answer the following questions.

1.
2.
What eclipse happens during the full moon?
What eclipse happens when the moon is
between the Sun and the Earth?