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LEG (Anterior & Lateral)
MOHAMED ELADL
SKELETON OF THE FOOT
Dr M Eladl
SKELETON OF THE FOOT
Dr M Eladl
CUTANEOUS NERVE SUPPLY OF
THE LEG.
 Front of the leg:
– Medial side:
 Saphenous nerve.
– Lateral side:
 Common peroneal nerve (Lateral
cutaneous nerve of the calf) for
upper lateral part.
 Musclocutaneous nerve for the
lower lateral part.
 Back of the leg:
– Posterior cutaneous nerve of the
thigh for the upper part.
– Common sural nerve for the
lower part.
Dr M Eladl
COMPARTMENTS OF THE LEG
 The leg is subdivided into 3
compartments by the anterior
and posterior intermuscular
septa and the interosseous
membrane between the
interosseous borders of the
tibia and fibula:
1. Anterior compartment:
contains the extensor
group of muscles.
2. Lateral compartment:
contains the peroneal
group of muscles.
3. Posterior compartment:
contains the flexor group of
muscles.
Dr M Eladl
ANTERIOR COMPARTMENT OF THE LEG
 Four muscles
1. Tibialis Anterior
2. Extensor halucis longus.
3. Extensor digitorum longus
4. Peroneus tertius
Dr M Eladl
ANTERIOR COMPARTMENT OF THE LEG
 Four muscles
1. Tibialis Anterior
2. Extensor halucis longus.
3. Extensor digitorum longus
4. Peroneus tertius
Dr M Eladl
ANTERIOR COMPARTMENT OF THE LEG
 Four muscles
1. Tibialis Anterior
2. Extensor halucis longus.
3. Extensor digitorum longus
4. Peroneus tertius
 Anterior tibial Artery
 Anterior tibial nerve (deep
peroneal nerve).
Dr M Eladl
MUSCLES OF THE ANTERIOR COMPARTMENT
Dr M Eladl
MUSCLES OF THE ANTERIOR COMPARTMENT
Dr M Eladl
ANTERIOR TIBIAL ARTERY AND NERVE
Dr M Eladl
ANTERIOR TIBIAL ARTERY
1) Origin
2) Enter the anterior comp
Dr M Eladl
ANTERIOR TIBIAL ARTERY
3) Run in the anterior comp
4) Termination
Dr M Eladl
ANTERIOR TIBIAL ARTERY
Dr M Eladl
 Branches:
1. Posterior tibial recurrent
2. Anterior tibial recurrunt
3. Muscular Branches
4. Anterior medial malleoler
5. Posterior medial malleoler
ANTERIOR TIBIAL NERVE
Dr M Eladl
 Origin:
ANTERIOR TIBIAL NERVE
Dr M Eladl
 Origin:
 Course:
– Enters the anterior
compartment lateral
to the artery (after
piercing the lateral
intermuscular septum)
ANTERIOR TIBIAL NERVE
Dr M Eladl
 Origin:
 Course:
– Enters the anterior
compartment lateral
to the artery (after
piercing the lateral
intermuscular
septum).
– Relations to the artery
!!
ANTERIOR TIBIAL NERVE
Dr M Eladl
 Origin:
 Course:
 Termination
ANTERIOR TIBIAL NERVE
Dr M Eladl
 Origin:
 Course:
 Termination
 Branches:
1. Muscular
2. Articular
3. Terminal
ANTERIOR TIBIAL ARTERY AND NERVE
Dr M Eladl
LATERAL COMPARTMENT OF THE LEG
Dr M Eladl
 Two muscles
1. Peroneus longus
2. Peroneus brevis
LATERAL COMPARTMENT OF THE LEG
Dr M Eladl
 Two muscles
1. Peroneus longus
2. Peroneus brevis
 Musculocutaneous nerve
MUSCLES OF THE LATERAL COMPARTMENT
Dr M Eladl
MUSCLES OF THE LATERAL COMPARTMENT
Dr M Eladl
Peroneus longus muscle Peroneus brevis muscle
Origin  Lateral surface of the head of the
fibula.
 Upper 2/3 of the lateral surface of the
shaft of the fibula.
 Anterior & posterior intermuscular
septa.
 Deep fascia.
 Lower 2/3 of the lateral surface of the
shaft of the fibula.
 Anterior and posterior intermuscular
septa
 Deep fascia
Insertion Medial cuneiform & base of 1st metatarsal
bone.
Base of the 5th metatarsal bone.
Nerve
supply
Superficial peroneal nerve
Action 1) Eversion of the foot at the subtalar
joint.
2) Planter flexion of the ankle joint.
3) Maintain the transverse arch of the foot.
1) Eversion of the foot at the subtalar
joint.
2) Planter flexion of the foot at the ankle
joint.
MUSCULOCUTANEOUS NERVE
Dr M Eladl
 Origin:
MUSCULOCUTANEOUS NERVE
Dr M Eladl
 Course:
MUSCULOCUTANEOUS NERVE
Dr M Eladl
 Termination
In the distal third of the leg, by
piercing the deep fascia and
divides into two branches;
medial and lateral branches.
MUSCULOCUTANEOUS NERVE
Dr M Eladl
 Branches
1. Muscular branches: to
peroneus longus & brevis
muscles.
2. Cutaneous branch: to the
lower half of the anterior
surface of the leg.
3. Terminal branches:
 Medial branch: supply:
 The medial side of
the dorsum of the
foot.
 Digital branches to
the medial side of
the big toe and the
adjacent sides of
the 2nd & 3rd toes.
(the 2nd interdigital
left)
MUSCULOCUTANEOUS NERVE
Dr M Eladl
 Branches
1. Muscular branches: to
peroneus longus & brevis
muscles.
2. Cutaneous branch: to the
lower half of the anterior
surface of the leg.
3. Terminal branches:
 Lateral branch: supply:
 The intermediate
part of the dorsum
of the foot.
 Digital branches to
the adjacent sides
of the 3rd & 4th (the
3rd interdigital
cleft) and 4th & 5th
toes (the 4th
interdigital cleft)
SUPERIOR EXTENSOR RETINACULUM
 Thickened band of deep fascia
in the lower part of the front of
the leg (above the ankle joint).
 Attachment:
Medially: to lower part of the
anterior border of tibia.
Laterally: to lower part of the
anterior border of fibula.
 Function:
keeps the extensor tendons in
contact with the lower end of
the tibia during their
contraction (prevent the
spring out of the extensor
tendon during their
contraction). Dr M Eladl
INFERIOR EXTENSOR RETINACULUM
 Thick Y-shaped band of deep
fascia in front of the ankle joint
 Attachment:
The lateral end (the stem of Y):
attached to the anterior part of
upper surface of calcaneus
Medially:
The upper band: is attached to
the medial malleolus.
The lower band: passes to the
medial side of the foot & fuses
with the deep fascia of sole.
Dr M Eladl
EXTENSOR RETINACULA
 Structures undercover of the
retinaculua: from the medial
to the lateral side:
1. Tibialis anterior
2. Extensor Hallucis longus
3. Anterior tibial Vessels
4. Anterior tibial Nerve
5. Extensor Digitorum longus
6. Peroneus tertius
Dr M Eladl
PERONEAL RETINACULA
Dr M Eladl
Superior peroneal
retinaculum
Inferior peroneal
retinaculum
Definition Thickened bands of deep fascia on the lateral aspect of the ankle joint.
Attachment: From the lateral malleolus to the
lateral surface of the calcaneus
 Upper end: is attached to the
anterior part of the superior
surface of the calcaneus where it
is continuous with the stem of the
inferior extensor retinaculum.
 Lower end: is attached to the
peroneal trochlea on lateral
surface of the calcaneus
Function: Keep the tendons of the peroneal muscles in position during their
contraction
PERONEAL RETINACULA
Dr M Eladl
1. Superior peroneal retinaculum
From the lateral malleolus to
the lateral surface of the
calcaneus
2. Inferior Peroneal retinaculum
Attached to the anterior part
of the superior surface of the
calcaneus where it is
continuous with the stem of
the inferior extensor
retinaculum.

THANK YOU

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Anatomy of the anterior & lateral compartments of the leg

  • 1. LEG (Anterior & Lateral) MOHAMED ELADL
  • 2. SKELETON OF THE FOOT Dr M Eladl
  • 3. SKELETON OF THE FOOT Dr M Eladl
  • 4. CUTANEOUS NERVE SUPPLY OF THE LEG.  Front of the leg: – Medial side:  Saphenous nerve. – Lateral side:  Common peroneal nerve (Lateral cutaneous nerve of the calf) for upper lateral part.  Musclocutaneous nerve for the lower lateral part.  Back of the leg: – Posterior cutaneous nerve of the thigh for the upper part. – Common sural nerve for the lower part. Dr M Eladl
  • 5. COMPARTMENTS OF THE LEG  The leg is subdivided into 3 compartments by the anterior and posterior intermuscular septa and the interosseous membrane between the interosseous borders of the tibia and fibula: 1. Anterior compartment: contains the extensor group of muscles. 2. Lateral compartment: contains the peroneal group of muscles. 3. Posterior compartment: contains the flexor group of muscles. Dr M Eladl
  • 6. ANTERIOR COMPARTMENT OF THE LEG  Four muscles 1. Tibialis Anterior 2. Extensor halucis longus. 3. Extensor digitorum longus 4. Peroneus tertius Dr M Eladl
  • 7. ANTERIOR COMPARTMENT OF THE LEG  Four muscles 1. Tibialis Anterior 2. Extensor halucis longus. 3. Extensor digitorum longus 4. Peroneus tertius Dr M Eladl
  • 8. ANTERIOR COMPARTMENT OF THE LEG  Four muscles 1. Tibialis Anterior 2. Extensor halucis longus. 3. Extensor digitorum longus 4. Peroneus tertius  Anterior tibial Artery  Anterior tibial nerve (deep peroneal nerve). Dr M Eladl
  • 9. MUSCLES OF THE ANTERIOR COMPARTMENT Dr M Eladl
  • 10. MUSCLES OF THE ANTERIOR COMPARTMENT Dr M Eladl
  • 11. ANTERIOR TIBIAL ARTERY AND NERVE Dr M Eladl
  • 12. ANTERIOR TIBIAL ARTERY 1) Origin 2) Enter the anterior comp Dr M Eladl
  • 13. ANTERIOR TIBIAL ARTERY 3) Run in the anterior comp 4) Termination Dr M Eladl
  • 14. ANTERIOR TIBIAL ARTERY Dr M Eladl  Branches: 1. Posterior tibial recurrent 2. Anterior tibial recurrunt 3. Muscular Branches 4. Anterior medial malleoler 5. Posterior medial malleoler
  • 15. ANTERIOR TIBIAL NERVE Dr M Eladl  Origin:
  • 16. ANTERIOR TIBIAL NERVE Dr M Eladl  Origin:  Course: – Enters the anterior compartment lateral to the artery (after piercing the lateral intermuscular septum)
  • 17. ANTERIOR TIBIAL NERVE Dr M Eladl  Origin:  Course: – Enters the anterior compartment lateral to the artery (after piercing the lateral intermuscular septum). – Relations to the artery !!
  • 18. ANTERIOR TIBIAL NERVE Dr M Eladl  Origin:  Course:  Termination
  • 19. ANTERIOR TIBIAL NERVE Dr M Eladl  Origin:  Course:  Termination  Branches: 1. Muscular 2. Articular 3. Terminal
  • 20. ANTERIOR TIBIAL ARTERY AND NERVE Dr M Eladl
  • 21. LATERAL COMPARTMENT OF THE LEG Dr M Eladl  Two muscles 1. Peroneus longus 2. Peroneus brevis
  • 22. LATERAL COMPARTMENT OF THE LEG Dr M Eladl  Two muscles 1. Peroneus longus 2. Peroneus brevis  Musculocutaneous nerve
  • 23. MUSCLES OF THE LATERAL COMPARTMENT Dr M Eladl
  • 24. MUSCLES OF THE LATERAL COMPARTMENT Dr M Eladl Peroneus longus muscle Peroneus brevis muscle Origin  Lateral surface of the head of the fibula.  Upper 2/3 of the lateral surface of the shaft of the fibula.  Anterior & posterior intermuscular septa.  Deep fascia.  Lower 2/3 of the lateral surface of the shaft of the fibula.  Anterior and posterior intermuscular septa  Deep fascia Insertion Medial cuneiform & base of 1st metatarsal bone. Base of the 5th metatarsal bone. Nerve supply Superficial peroneal nerve Action 1) Eversion of the foot at the subtalar joint. 2) Planter flexion of the ankle joint. 3) Maintain the transverse arch of the foot. 1) Eversion of the foot at the subtalar joint. 2) Planter flexion of the foot at the ankle joint.
  • 25. MUSCULOCUTANEOUS NERVE Dr M Eladl  Origin:
  • 26. MUSCULOCUTANEOUS NERVE Dr M Eladl  Course:
  • 27. MUSCULOCUTANEOUS NERVE Dr M Eladl  Termination In the distal third of the leg, by piercing the deep fascia and divides into two branches; medial and lateral branches.
  • 28. MUSCULOCUTANEOUS NERVE Dr M Eladl  Branches 1. Muscular branches: to peroneus longus & brevis muscles. 2. Cutaneous branch: to the lower half of the anterior surface of the leg. 3. Terminal branches:  Medial branch: supply:  The medial side of the dorsum of the foot.  Digital branches to the medial side of the big toe and the adjacent sides of the 2nd & 3rd toes. (the 2nd interdigital left)
  • 29. MUSCULOCUTANEOUS NERVE Dr M Eladl  Branches 1. Muscular branches: to peroneus longus & brevis muscles. 2. Cutaneous branch: to the lower half of the anterior surface of the leg. 3. Terminal branches:  Lateral branch: supply:  The intermediate part of the dorsum of the foot.  Digital branches to the adjacent sides of the 3rd & 4th (the 3rd interdigital cleft) and 4th & 5th toes (the 4th interdigital cleft)
  • 30. SUPERIOR EXTENSOR RETINACULUM  Thickened band of deep fascia in the lower part of the front of the leg (above the ankle joint).  Attachment: Medially: to lower part of the anterior border of tibia. Laterally: to lower part of the anterior border of fibula.  Function: keeps the extensor tendons in contact with the lower end of the tibia during their contraction (prevent the spring out of the extensor tendon during their contraction). Dr M Eladl
  • 31. INFERIOR EXTENSOR RETINACULUM  Thick Y-shaped band of deep fascia in front of the ankle joint  Attachment: The lateral end (the stem of Y): attached to the anterior part of upper surface of calcaneus Medially: The upper band: is attached to the medial malleolus. The lower band: passes to the medial side of the foot & fuses with the deep fascia of sole. Dr M Eladl
  • 32. EXTENSOR RETINACULA  Structures undercover of the retinaculua: from the medial to the lateral side: 1. Tibialis anterior 2. Extensor Hallucis longus 3. Anterior tibial Vessels 4. Anterior tibial Nerve 5. Extensor Digitorum longus 6. Peroneus tertius Dr M Eladl
  • 33. PERONEAL RETINACULA Dr M Eladl Superior peroneal retinaculum Inferior peroneal retinaculum Definition Thickened bands of deep fascia on the lateral aspect of the ankle joint. Attachment: From the lateral malleolus to the lateral surface of the calcaneus  Upper end: is attached to the anterior part of the superior surface of the calcaneus where it is continuous with the stem of the inferior extensor retinaculum.  Lower end: is attached to the peroneal trochlea on lateral surface of the calcaneus Function: Keep the tendons of the peroneal muscles in position during their contraction
  • 34. PERONEAL RETINACULA Dr M Eladl 1. Superior peroneal retinaculum From the lateral malleolus to the lateral surface of the calcaneus 2. Inferior Peroneal retinaculum Attached to the anterior part of the superior surface of the calcaneus where it is continuous with the stem of the inferior extensor retinaculum.