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DRAMA, history, types and subtypes
DRAMA 
-> mirrors life onstage 
-> provides readers and 
viewers fresh insights 
into human behavior
AS IT DEALS WITH… 
• MOTIVES 
• PROBLEMS 
• PASSIONS 
• PYSCHOLOGICAL ENCOUNTERS IN LIFE
CHARACTERS ARE REPRESENTED BY STAGE 
PERFORMERS WHO ENGAGE THE AUDIENCE IN AN 
INTERACTIVE COMMUNITY EXPERIENCE.
DRAMA 
• Is a literary work written to be performed 
onstage and intended to create an illusion of 
reality 
• 2 MAIN ELEMENTS: 
–DIALOG 
–ACTION
DIALOG AND ACTION build 
up: 
Chorus (Greek) 
Soliloquy 
Symbols 
Masks 
Orchestra, etc.
DRAMA: Etymology 
DRAN (Greek) = ‘to do, to act, or to perform’ 
Originally an ART FORM but is now considered as a 
LITERARY GENRE. 
DRAMA: Basis 
MIMESIS- the imitation of life which centers on either a 
physical or spiritual kind of conflict.
DRAMA, history, types and subtypes
A HISTORY OF DRAMA 
Drama began in ancient 
Greece dating back to 543 
B.C. 
It started as choral 
performances of dancing 
and singing honoring the 
Greek god, Dionysus, the 
god of wine.
The history of drama 
GREEK DRAMA 
-part of religious and agricultural festivals 
-thank and praise the gods
Eugene O’Neill 
First American dramatist 
who made a distinctive 
trend out of Naturalism 
The Emperor Jones (1920) 
Anna Christie (1921) 
The Hairy Ape (1922)
Naturalist School Playwrights
New realism and Symbolism Playwrights
DRAMA, history, types and subtypes
DRAMA, history, types and subtypes
Types of Drama or Play 
Major Types: 
1. Comedy  designed to be entertaining and 
humorous where misfortune ends in triumph or 
happiness. 
2. Tragedy  serious drama where the 
protagonists begin happily and end in misery and 
failure
Subtypes of Comedy 
a) HIGH COMEDY- an intellectual comedy that relies on 
wit or with clever use of language (such as the use of 
epigrams) employing sarcasm and irony as sources of 
humor. 
b) LOW COMEDY- relies on jokes, slapstick behavior, 
gags, ridicule, and humiliation as sources of humor. 
c) SATIRIC COMEDY- portrays human weakness or folly 
as being ridiculed from the viewpoint of what seems 
to be enlightened or superior position.
Subtypes of Tragedy 
a) Classical Tragedy-the tragedies of Ancient 
Greece and Rome and the later tragedies 
after them. 
b) Modern Tragedy- is a serious play in which 
the protagonist is an ordinary person and 
the events are also ordinary.
Other types of DRAMA 
a. Tragicomedy 
b. Theater of the absurd 
c. Farce 
d. Melodrama 
e. Masque 
f. Pantomime 
g. Feminist Character
Elements of the Drama 
1) Dialog- chief tool 
2) Character- lead characters: protagonist & antagonist 
3) Plot or dramatic structure 
4) Theme 
5) Setting
TIPS ON HOW TO READ A PLAY 
1) Using the mind’s eye or visualizing the stage production 
2) Empathizing with the protagonist 
3) Identifying the conflict 
4) Recognizing situations with the use of colors, lights, costumes, 
sounds, music, etc. 
5) Understanding basic dramatic structure 
6) Judging artistic value
DRAMA, history, types and subtypes

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DRAMA, history, types and subtypes

  • 2. DRAMA -> mirrors life onstage -> provides readers and viewers fresh insights into human behavior
  • 3. AS IT DEALS WITH… • MOTIVES • PROBLEMS • PASSIONS • PYSCHOLOGICAL ENCOUNTERS IN LIFE
  • 4. CHARACTERS ARE REPRESENTED BY STAGE PERFORMERS WHO ENGAGE THE AUDIENCE IN AN INTERACTIVE COMMUNITY EXPERIENCE.
  • 5. DRAMA • Is a literary work written to be performed onstage and intended to create an illusion of reality • 2 MAIN ELEMENTS: –DIALOG –ACTION
  • 6. DIALOG AND ACTION build up: Chorus (Greek) Soliloquy Symbols Masks Orchestra, etc.
  • 7. DRAMA: Etymology DRAN (Greek) = ‘to do, to act, or to perform’ Originally an ART FORM but is now considered as a LITERARY GENRE. DRAMA: Basis MIMESIS- the imitation of life which centers on either a physical or spiritual kind of conflict.
  • 9. A HISTORY OF DRAMA Drama began in ancient Greece dating back to 543 B.C. It started as choral performances of dancing and singing honoring the Greek god, Dionysus, the god of wine.
  • 10. The history of drama GREEK DRAMA -part of religious and agricultural festivals -thank and praise the gods
  • 11. Eugene O’Neill First American dramatist who made a distinctive trend out of Naturalism The Emperor Jones (1920) Anna Christie (1921) The Hairy Ape (1922)
  • 13. New realism and Symbolism Playwrights
  • 16. Types of Drama or Play Major Types: 1. Comedy  designed to be entertaining and humorous where misfortune ends in triumph or happiness. 2. Tragedy  serious drama where the protagonists begin happily and end in misery and failure
  • 17. Subtypes of Comedy a) HIGH COMEDY- an intellectual comedy that relies on wit or with clever use of language (such as the use of epigrams) employing sarcasm and irony as sources of humor. b) LOW COMEDY- relies on jokes, slapstick behavior, gags, ridicule, and humiliation as sources of humor. c) SATIRIC COMEDY- portrays human weakness or folly as being ridiculed from the viewpoint of what seems to be enlightened or superior position.
  • 18. Subtypes of Tragedy a) Classical Tragedy-the tragedies of Ancient Greece and Rome and the later tragedies after them. b) Modern Tragedy- is a serious play in which the protagonist is an ordinary person and the events are also ordinary.
  • 19. Other types of DRAMA a. Tragicomedy b. Theater of the absurd c. Farce d. Melodrama e. Masque f. Pantomime g. Feminist Character
  • 20. Elements of the Drama 1) Dialog- chief tool 2) Character- lead characters: protagonist & antagonist 3) Plot or dramatic structure 4) Theme 5) Setting
  • 21. TIPS ON HOW TO READ A PLAY 1) Using the mind’s eye or visualizing the stage production 2) Empathizing with the protagonist 3) Identifying the conflict 4) Recognizing situations with the use of colors, lights, costumes, sounds, music, etc. 5) Understanding basic dramatic structure 6) Judging artistic value