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Chapter 6 Lecture

               Human Geography: Places and
                  Regions in Global Context
                                        Sixth Edition




Interpreting Places and
Landscapes

Wendy A. Mitteager
State University of New York, Oneonta
Key Concepts

   •   Relationships between people and space
   •   Environmental behavior
   •   Territoriality
   •   Cognitive images
   •   Landscapes
   •   Sacred spaces
   •   Place-making
   •   Modernity




   Figure: Chapter 6 Opener The Vietnam Veteran Memorial illustrates the
   power of landscape to affect us
© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.
Behavior, Knowledge, and Human
                      Environments
   • Interdependence
     between people
     and places
   • Understanding
     environmental
     perception and
     knowledge
   • Cindi Katz


                                 Figure 6.1 Conflicting environmental
                                 perceptions in California

© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.
Behavior, Knowledge, and Human
                Environments, (cont’d)




            Figure 6.2 A Shepard's map, drawn by a 10-year-old Sudanese
            boy, illustrating his detailed environmental knowledge


© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.
Place-Making

   • Places are socially
     constructed
   • Territoriality
   • Proxemics
   • Insiders and
     Outsiders

                                   Figure 6.3 Graffiti as territorial markers


   Apply your knowledge: Describe the relationship between
   ethology and territoriality. Evaluate examples that you experience in
   everyday life of proxemics as a territorializing force.

© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.
Place-Making, (cont’d)

   • Cognitive images
   • Paths, edges,
     districts, nodes,
     landmarks
   • Distortions




                                 Figure 6.5 Cognitive image of Boston

   Apply your knowledge: Use the five elements to map out your
   image of the college campus.

© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.
Place-Making, (cont’d)




                                                            Figur6




                Figure 6.6 Images of Los Angeles as seen by residents
                of different communities.
© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.
Place-Making, (cont’d)




   Figure 6.7 Preference map of the U.S. held by a group of Virginia Tech students, based on
   the perceived attractiveness of cities and states as places to live.


© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.
Landscapes as Human Systems

   • Derelict landscapes
   • Ordinary landscapes
   • Humanistic approach
     in geography




                                 Figure 6.10 Vulgaria: size and
                                 ostentation are the dominant
                                 factors in upscale
                                 U.S. residential development
© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.
Landscapes as Human Systems, (cont’d)




                                 Figure 6.8 Some cities are
                                 immediately recognizable because of
                                 their famous landmarks.
© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.
Landscapes as Human Systems, (cont’d)




  Figure 6.9 These ordinary landscapes in New England and Middle America have become
  symbolic of the U.S.
© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.
Coded Spaces

   • Landscape as text
   • Semiotics
   • Commercial spaces
       – “Palaces of consumption”
   • Sacred spaces




                                       Figure 6.13 Sacred sites of Hindu India


© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.
Coded Spaces, (cont’d)




 Figure 6.12 Angor Wat, Cambodia is a sacred   Figure 6.15 Points of origin of European
 space for Buddhists                           group-organized pilgrims to Lourdes in 1978




© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.
Jerusalem, the Holy City




 Figure 6.A Map of Jerusalem     Figure 6.B Dome of the Rock




© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.
Place and Space in Modern Society

   • Modernity
       – Emphasizes reason, scientific rationality, creativity,
         novelty, and progress




 Figure 6.17 Modernized rural landscape, U.K.   Figure 6.16 Modernist urban landscape, an
                                                office district in Paris
© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.
Globalization and Place-Making

   • Spread of Modernity to peripheral regions
   • Cyberspace
       – With its own “landscape”
   • Commonalities of a shared, global
     consciousness




     Figure 6.18 The slow city movement, a
     grassroots response to globalization,
     supports “slow food.”


© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.
Cyberspace and Social Networking




  Figure 6.D How people share content   Figure 6.F




© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.
Cyberspace and Social Networking, (cont’d)




  Figure 6.C Estimated number of worldwide   Figure 6.G Number of Facebook
  users of social networks                   users compared to populations of
                                             selected countries


© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.
Waldkirch, Germany




 Figure 6.H The heart of the town is    Figure 6.J The Slow City movement in Waldkirch
 the Marktplatz, which dates from the   allows for social bonds to develop among pedestrians.
 early Middle Ages.

© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.
Places as Objects of Consumption

   • “Culture industries”
       – Advertising strategies
   • Visual and experiential
     consumption
   • “Heritage industry”



                                  Figure 6.19 Las Vegas showcases “historic”
                                  settings based mostly on stereotypes


   Apply your knowledge: Compare and contrast modernity and
   postmodernity. Give specific examples of each.

© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.
Places as Objects of Consumption, (cont’d)




 Figure 6.20 Thames Town in Shanghai,          Figure 6.21 Consumption in style at the Bed
 China combines commercial, residential, and   Restaurant, Florida
 cultural elements




© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.
Future Geographies

   • Homogenization of culture
   • Cosmopolitanism




    Figure 6.22 The McDonald’s Buddha seated in
    lotus position in Shanghai, China was removed
    within one month due to criticism. In 2005, a less
    controversial version was introduced around
    Thailand without much objection.

© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.
End of Chapter 6




© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.

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Hg 6e ch_06_lecture

  • 1. Chapter 6 Lecture Human Geography: Places and Regions in Global Context Sixth Edition Interpreting Places and Landscapes Wendy A. Mitteager State University of New York, Oneonta
  • 2. Key Concepts • Relationships between people and space • Environmental behavior • Territoriality • Cognitive images • Landscapes • Sacred spaces • Place-making • Modernity Figure: Chapter 6 Opener The Vietnam Veteran Memorial illustrates the power of landscape to affect us © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.
  • 3. Behavior, Knowledge, and Human Environments • Interdependence between people and places • Understanding environmental perception and knowledge • Cindi Katz Figure 6.1 Conflicting environmental perceptions in California © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.
  • 4. Behavior, Knowledge, and Human Environments, (cont’d) Figure 6.2 A Shepard's map, drawn by a 10-year-old Sudanese boy, illustrating his detailed environmental knowledge © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.
  • 5. Place-Making • Places are socially constructed • Territoriality • Proxemics • Insiders and Outsiders Figure 6.3 Graffiti as territorial markers Apply your knowledge: Describe the relationship between ethology and territoriality. Evaluate examples that you experience in everyday life of proxemics as a territorializing force. © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.
  • 6. Place-Making, (cont’d) • Cognitive images • Paths, edges, districts, nodes, landmarks • Distortions Figure 6.5 Cognitive image of Boston Apply your knowledge: Use the five elements to map out your image of the college campus. © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.
  • 7. Place-Making, (cont’d) Figur6 Figure 6.6 Images of Los Angeles as seen by residents of different communities. © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.
  • 8. Place-Making, (cont’d) Figure 6.7 Preference map of the U.S. held by a group of Virginia Tech students, based on the perceived attractiveness of cities and states as places to live. © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.
  • 9. Landscapes as Human Systems • Derelict landscapes • Ordinary landscapes • Humanistic approach in geography Figure 6.10 Vulgaria: size and ostentation are the dominant factors in upscale U.S. residential development © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.
  • 10. Landscapes as Human Systems, (cont’d) Figure 6.8 Some cities are immediately recognizable because of their famous landmarks. © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.
  • 11. Landscapes as Human Systems, (cont’d) Figure 6.9 These ordinary landscapes in New England and Middle America have become symbolic of the U.S. © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.
  • 12. Coded Spaces • Landscape as text • Semiotics • Commercial spaces – “Palaces of consumption” • Sacred spaces Figure 6.13 Sacred sites of Hindu India © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.
  • 13. Coded Spaces, (cont’d) Figure 6.12 Angor Wat, Cambodia is a sacred Figure 6.15 Points of origin of European space for Buddhists group-organized pilgrims to Lourdes in 1978 © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.
  • 14. Jerusalem, the Holy City Figure 6.A Map of Jerusalem Figure 6.B Dome of the Rock © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.
  • 15. Place and Space in Modern Society • Modernity – Emphasizes reason, scientific rationality, creativity, novelty, and progress Figure 6.17 Modernized rural landscape, U.K. Figure 6.16 Modernist urban landscape, an office district in Paris © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.
  • 16. Globalization and Place-Making • Spread of Modernity to peripheral regions • Cyberspace – With its own “landscape” • Commonalities of a shared, global consciousness Figure 6.18 The slow city movement, a grassroots response to globalization, supports “slow food.” © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.
  • 17. Cyberspace and Social Networking Figure 6.D How people share content Figure 6.F © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.
  • 18. Cyberspace and Social Networking, (cont’d) Figure 6.C Estimated number of worldwide Figure 6.G Number of Facebook users of social networks users compared to populations of selected countries © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.
  • 19. Waldkirch, Germany Figure 6.H The heart of the town is Figure 6.J The Slow City movement in Waldkirch the Marktplatz, which dates from the allows for social bonds to develop among pedestrians. early Middle Ages. © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.
  • 20. Places as Objects of Consumption • “Culture industries” – Advertising strategies • Visual and experiential consumption • “Heritage industry” Figure 6.19 Las Vegas showcases “historic” settings based mostly on stereotypes Apply your knowledge: Compare and contrast modernity and postmodernity. Give specific examples of each. © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.
  • 21. Places as Objects of Consumption, (cont’d) Figure 6.20 Thames Town in Shanghai, Figure 6.21 Consumption in style at the Bed China combines commercial, residential, and Restaurant, Florida cultural elements © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.
  • 22. Future Geographies • Homogenization of culture • Cosmopolitanism Figure 6.22 The McDonald’s Buddha seated in lotus position in Shanghai, China was removed within one month due to criticism. In 2005, a less controversial version was introduced around Thailand without much objection. © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.
  • 23. End of Chapter 6 © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.