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Sharing Made Simple An Introduction to Web 2.0 and the Social Web Brian Kelly, UKOLN, University of Bath Bath, UK Email [email_address] Blog: http://ukwebfocus.wordpress.com/ UKOLN is supported by: This work is licensed under a Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 2.0 licence (but note caveat) Acceptable Use Policy Recording/broadcasting of this talk, taking photographs, discussing the content using email, instant messaging, blogs, SMS, etc. is permitted providing distractions to others is minimised. http://www.ukoln.ac.uk/cultural-heritage/events/sharing-made-simple-20080910/ Resources bookmarked using ' sharing-made-simple-20080910 ' tag

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About Me <ul><li>Brian Kelly: </li></ul><ul><ul><li>UK Web Focus: a national Web advisory post </li></ul></ul><ul><ul><li>Based at UKOLN, a national centre of expertise in digital information management </li></ul></ul><ul><ul><li>Located at the University of Bath </li></ul></ul><ul><ul><li>Funded by JISC and the MLA </li></ul></ul><ul><ul><li>Involved in Web since Jan 1993 </li></ul></ul><ul><ul><li>Currently advising on best practices for Web 2.0 </li></ul></ul>Introduction

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About This Talk <ul><li>This talk aims to provide: </li></ul><ul><ul><li>A better understanding of ‘Web 2.0’ </li></ul></ul><ul><ul><li>An awareness of how cultural organisations may benefits from Web 2.0 </li></ul></ul><ul><ul><li>An understanding of possible dangers, both for users and the institution </li></ul></ul><ul><ul><li>An opportunity to discuss how we should address the opportunities and challenges (and inevitabilities!) </li></ul></ul><ul><li>The Facebook social networking service will be used to illustrate these points </li></ul>Introduction

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About You <ul><li>How many of you: </li></ul><ul><ul><li>Have heard of Web 2.0? </li></ul></ul><ul><ul><li>Have read content in a blog or wiki? </li></ul></ul><ul><ul><li>Use Facebook? </li></ul></ul><ul><ul><li>Have used MSN Messenger, Skype, …? </li></ul></ul><ul><ul><li>Use photo sharing sites (e.g. Flickr)? </li></ul></ul><ul><ul><li>Have viewed video clips on YouTube? </li></ul></ul><ul><li>Do you: </li></ul><ul><ul><li>Use the tools for work? </li></ul></ul><ul><ul><li>Use the tools for social purposes (e.g. communicating with your children)? </li></ul></ul>Introduction

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Contents <ul><li>Web 2.0 – What Is It? (Talking …) </li></ul><ul><ul><li>Blogs  Wikis </li></ul></ul><ul><ul><li>Mashups  Comms tools </li></ul></ul><ul><li>Social Networks (… exploring …) </li></ul><ul><ul><li>Facebook: opportunities and challenges </li></ul></ul><ul><ul><li>Ning – grow your own social network </li></ul></ul><ul><li>Deployment Strategies (… doing) </li></ul><ul><ul><li>User focus </li></ul></ul><ul><ul><li>Information literacy; staff development </li></ul></ul><ul><ul><li>Risk assessment & safe experimentation </li></ul></ul>Introduction

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Let’s Do It Now! <ul><li>Let’s not just talk about Web 2.0 – let’s use it now (assuming WiFi network available!): </li></ul><ul><li>Let’s Talk </li></ul><ul><ul><li>Go to http://www.gabbly.com/ and in box enter www.cymal.wales.gov.uk </li></ul></ul><ul><li>Let’s Share Resources </li></ul><ul><ul><li>Go to < http://del.icio.us/ lisbk/sharing-made-simple-20080910 > to access resources </li></ul></ul>Note You can set up a chat facility in 10 seconds. But this doesn’t mean you should built a service using it! Introduction http://www.gabbly.com/...

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Web 2.0 <ul><li>What Is Web 2.0? </li></ul><ul><li>Marketing term (derived from observing 'patterns') rather than technical standards - “an attitude not a technology” </li></ul>Web2MemeMap, Tim O’Reilly, 2005 (or see Wikipedia ) <ul><li>Characteristics Of Web 2.0 </li></ul><ul><ul><li>Network as platform </li></ul></ul><ul><ul><li>Easy-to-use (Ajax) </li></ul></ul><ul><ul><li>Always beta </li></ul></ul><ul><ul><li>Remix and mash-ups </li></ul></ul><ul><ul><ul><li>Syndication (RSS) </li></ul></ul></ul><ul><ul><li>Architecture of participation </li></ul></ul><ul><ul><ul><li>Blogs & Wikis </li></ul></ul></ul><ul><ul><ul><li>Social networking </li></ul></ul></ul><ul><ul><ul><li>Social tagging (folksonomies) </li></ul></ul></ul><ul><ul><li>Trust and openness </li></ul></ul>Web 2.0 Web 2.0

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Web 2.0: Why? <ul><li>Realisation of Sir Tim Berners-Lee’s dream: </li></ul><ul><ul><li>Web was meant to be participative & user-driven </li></ul></ul><ul><li>Technical infrastructure now in place </li></ul><ul><ul><li>But only now are standards in place, use cases tested, commercial infrastructure deployed, … </li></ul></ul><ul><li>User acceptance: </li></ul><ul><ul><li>Many users love it – look at popularity of SNs </li></ul></ul><ul><li>Saving scarce in-house resources: </li></ul><ul><ul><li>Institutions can now focus on relevant areas, rather than duplicating services already available </li></ul></ul><ul><ul><li>Enhancing quality of what we do do </li></ul></ul><ul><ul><li>Developing digital citizenship </li></ul></ul><ul><ul><li>Addressing the gaps (e.g. information literacy, …) </li></ul></ul>Web 2.0

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Blogs <ul><li>Blogs – social phenomenon of the C21 st ? </li></ul><ul><li>Need for information professionals to: </li></ul><ul><ul><li>Understand Blogging & related technologies (e.g. RSS, Technorati) </li></ul></ul><ul><ul><li>Be able to find resources in the 'Bloggosphere' </li></ul></ul><ul><ul><li>Explore how to Blogs to support business functions (support users, staff & organisation) </li></ul></ul>Web 2.0 http://piclib.nhm.ac.uk/antarctica/ This blog … tells what it's like spending the winter in Antarctica conserving artefacts from the explorer's hut left behind by Ernest Shackleton in 1908. Openness Syndication Collaboration Key Characteristics http://www.archiveshub.ac.uk/blog/ Increasingly professional (e.g. developers) use blogs to describe what they're doing. Note that a Comments field can allow you to engage in discussions

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Blogs - Reading <ul><li>How do you keep informed of developments? </li></ul><ul><ul><li>Do you use a dedicated Blog reader? </li></ul></ul><ul><ul><li>Are you alerted of changes to key Blogs? </li></ul></ul><ul><ul><li>Do you focus on the content, and avoid the distractions of ads, etc. </li></ul></ul>Web 2.0 Bloglines – a Web-based Blog reader. You are informed of changes since you last viewed the page. http://www.bloglines.com/myblogs Openness Syndication Collaboration BlogBridge – a desktop Blog reader. You are informed of changes since you last viewed the page.

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Blogs – Engaging With Users <ul><li>The ukwebfocus.wordpress. com blog provides: </li></ul><ul><ul><li>Discussions on Web 2.0 in culture, research and learning </li></ul></ul><ul><ul><li>Comments option for all postings </li></ul></ul><ul><ul><li>A realtime chat facility </li></ul></ul><ul><li>Benefits: </li></ul><ul><ul><li>Feedback on my thoughts and ideas </li></ul></ul><ul><ul><li>Evaluation </li></ul></ul><ul><ul><li>… </li></ul></ul>http://ukwebfocus.wordpress.com/ 2007/01/25/experiments-with-meebo/ Blogs aren’t just one-way publishing, but an implementation of Tim Berners-Lee’s vision of a collaborative Web See (and discuss) UK Web Focus blog post 25 Jan 2007 Blended blogging

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What Are They Saying About Us? <ul><li>Blogs are very interconnected with each other (bloggers discuss other blog postings). </li></ul><ul><li>This can help to provide feedback; measure impact; engage in discussions; etc. </li></ul>Web 2.0 http://piclib.nhm.ac.uk/antarctica/ Blogger Web Comments tool lights up if Blog comments about Web site have been made. Alternatively go to the Google Blog search http://pachome2.pacific.net.sg/~schizoid/para/ …

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Finding Resources <ul><li>Technorati can help find Blog articles, etc. </li></ul><ul><li>Technorati search for &quot; Museum of Antiquities &quot; finds: </li></ul><ul><ul><li>Blog posting about current exhibition posted 11 minutes ago! </li></ul></ul><ul><li>Google search finds: </li></ul><ul><ul><li>Museum home page </li></ul></ul>Web 2.0 http://www.technorati.com/ … What do users want: the home page and what people are saying today. Google & Technorati are valuable tools, so organisations should ensure that their Web site can be found in both. RSS Syndication

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Wikis <ul><li>Wikis – collaborative Web-based authoring tools </li></ul><ul><li>I use wikis for: </li></ul><ul><ul><li>Collaborative papers (avoiding emailed MS Word file around) </li></ul></ul>Web 2.0 Google Docs – Web-based word processor or Wiki? Does it matter, it does the job http://docs.google.com/ Openness Syndication Collaboration http://www.ukoln.ac.uk/interop-focus/community/index/ IWMW2006_Discussion_Group_Notes_for_Group_A <ul><ul><li>Note-taking at events </li></ul></ul>Remember when notes were trapped in the non-interoperable world of flip charts & paper. This need no longer be the case. <ul><ul><li>Social discussions at events </li></ul></ul>http://www.ukoln.ac.uk/interop-focus/community/index/ IWMW2006_Information_About_Social_Aspects

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Wikipedia <ul><li>Wikipedia – not only a community-developed encyclopedia, but also a well-linked Web site, which boosts Google rankings </li></ul>http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/British_Museum http://www.google.co.uk/search ?q=british+museum In top 10 in Google list http://www.google.co.uk/search?q=culture Do you try and ensure your Web site is easily found when searching? If so, then an entry in Wikipedia could help with this business objective

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Sharing - Flickr <ul><li>Web 2.0 includes community-building </li></ul><ul><li>You can help support your community-building by making it easy to share photos at events (e.g. this seminar) </li></ul><ul><li>Simply suggest a tag e.g. ‘ sharing-made-simple-20080910 ’ and encourage delegates to upload their photos with this tag </li></ul>Web 2.0 http://www.flickr.com/search/ ?w=all&q=iwmw2006&m=text Openness Network effect Syndication Collaboration http://www.flickr.com/photos/tags/ iwmw2006/interesting/?page=6

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Sharing – del.icio.us <ul><li>Another aspect of sharing is sharing bookmarks </li></ul><ul><li>This can be used to: </li></ul><ul><ul><li>Manage your bookmarks </li></ul></ul><ul><ul><li>Allow others to contribute resources </li></ul></ul><ul><ul><li>Allow lists of bookmarks to be repurposed </li></ul></ul><ul><ul><li>Carry out impact analysis </li></ul></ul>Web 2.0 Openness Network effect Syndication Collaboration <ul><li>National Archives Web site bookmarked by 374 others: </li></ul><ul><ul><li>Who are they? </li></ul></ul><ul><ul><li>What else are they interested in? </li></ul></ul>http://del.icio.us/lisbk/sharing-made-simple-20080310

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Podcasts <ul><li>Podcasts are syndicated MP3 files </li></ul><ul><li>New items in a podcast can appear automatically in your Podcast client (e.g. iPod) or RSS reader </li></ul><ul><li>Resources can be accessed via iTunes </li></ul>Web 2.0 Openness Syndication http://www.podanza.com/podcast/... The University of Bath won a European award for its podcasts from guest lecturers, etc. We can regard this as maximising impacts of the ideas and promoting the University, at little cost

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Video Blogs <ul><li>Use of video is becoming more popular: </li></ul><ul><ul><li>Cheap consumer devices </li></ul></ul><ul><ul><li>Easy-to-use services such as YouTube & Google Video </li></ul></ul>As well as Web interface, other tools can display video clips <ul><li>I am experimenting with video chat tools such as Seesmic to: </li></ul><ul><ul><li>Encourage video debate </li></ul></ul><ul><ul><li>Reuse content in talks </li></ul></ul>

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Google Maps Mashups <ul><li>Google Map ‘mashup’ used for IWMW 2006 event: </li></ul><ul><ul><li>~ 20 lines of JavaScript. </li></ul></ul><ul><ul><li>Code taken from Google Maps Web site and coordinates added </li></ul></ul>Web 2.0 http://www.ukoln.ac.uk/web-focus/events/ workshops/webmaster-2006/maps/ Openness Mashup APIs http://northumbria.ac.uk/browse/radius5/ More sophisticated mapping applications are being developed, such as Radius 5 at Northumbria Univ.

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Communications <ul><li>We said: </li></ul><ul><ul><li>Content is king! </li></ul></ul><ul><li>But maybe: </li></ul><ul><ul><li>Communications is king! </li></ul></ul><ul><li>Communications tool include: </li></ul><ul><ul><li>Chat tools (MSN Messenger) </li></ul></ul><ul><ul><li>Audio & video (including MSN Messenger, Skype, …) </li></ul></ul><ul><ul><li>… </li></ul></ul>Using Web 2.0 Web 2.0 Also note Web-based video chat services such as TokBox and Seesmic

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Creative Commons <ul><li>Let’s allow others to legitimately reuse our content. </li></ul><ul><li>I do this for my event details: </li></ul><ul><ul><li>Creative Commons licence assigned to publicity details </li></ul></ul><ul><li>I also do this for my blog posts, slides, etc </li></ul>Web 2.0 http://www.ukoln.ac.uk/web-focus/events/ workshops/webmaster-2006/publicity/ Openness Tags Collaboration Note that the openness is a key aspect of Web 2.0: open source; open standards and open content can all help to bring benefits through maximising usage of services

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Flickr Commons <ul><li>Flickr Commons provides a repository of photographs which have a Creative Commons licence </li></ul>

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Searching For CC Resources <ul><li>A number of search engines allow users to search for resources with various type of CC licences, e.g. can be used for commercial purpose </li></ul>http://search.yahoo.com/cc http://search.creativecommons.org/

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Integration of Services <ul><li>Web 2.0 applications can be used in isolation </li></ul><ul><li>They can also be integration into other services (e.g. widgets in blogs and Web sites) </li></ul><ul><li>Facebook is (currently) the leading platform for integrating many Web 2.0 tools </li></ul>Let’s look at Facebook in more detail, as an example of a popular Web 2.0 service Facebook

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<ul><li>The Facebook platform provides access to (a) Skype (b) Twitter micro-blogging service (c) mini-questions </li></ul>The Facebook Platform Facebook

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What is Facebook? <ul><li>Facebook: </li></ul><ul><ul><li>A social networking Web site </li></ul></ul><ul><ul><li>Had the largest number of registered users among college-focused sites with over 30 million members worldwide </li></ul></ul><ul><ul><li>Ranked between top 10–20 Web sites </li></ul></ul><ul><ul><li>Seventh most visited site in the US </li></ul></ul>From Wikipedia Facebook Let’s now look at one very popular Web 2.0 application – the Facebook social networking service

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Your Profile Page <ul><li>Here’s an example of a profile page: </li></ul><ul><ul><li>Your details </li></ul></ul><ul><ul><li>Access to default applications </li></ul></ul><ul><ul><li>Access to applications your added </li></ul></ul><ul><li>Facebook could be used as a personalised portal to various applications </li></ul>And here’s how others may see your profile Boring isn’t it! Facebook

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It’s a Social Network (1) <ul><li>The strength of Facebook is when it is used as a social network. Here people can see: </li></ul><ul><ul><li>My updates to my Facebook account </li></ul></ul><ul><ul><li>Applications I’ve installed </li></ul></ul><ul><ul><li>Groups I’ve joined </li></ul></ul><ul><ul><li>Photos & videos I’ve uploaded </li></ul></ul><ul><ul><li>Blogs posts I’ve written </li></ul></ul><ul><ul><li>Messages I’ve sent & received </li></ul></ul><ul><ul><li>… </li></ul></ul>Facebook

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It’s a Social Network (2) <ul><li>Here’s the page of a former colleague (now at Eduserv). This is valuable to me: </li></ul><ul><ul><li>Spot friends in common </li></ul></ul><ul><ul><li>Keep informed of Andy’s professional interests (of interest to me) </li></ul></ul><ul><ul><li>Keep informed of Andy’s discussions with others </li></ul></ul><ul><ul><li>… </li></ul></ul>Facebook

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Student Use (1) <ul><li>Example of groups subscribed by a student: </li></ul><ul><ul><li>Student society </li></ul></ul>Social Networks Facebook seems to be very popular for use with Student union societies (nb is this a threat to similar services provided on Student Union Web site?) Facebook

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Student Use (1) <ul><li>Example of groups subscribed by a student: </li></ul><ul><ul><li>Student society </li></ul></ul>Notice how the issue of local versus global Facebook groups is being discussed. Would a local-only group act as a barrier to student alumni? Social Networks Facebook

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Student Use (2) <ul><li>Example of groups subscribed by a student: </li></ul><ul><ul><li>Student society </li></ul></ul><ul><ul><li>Social </li></ul></ul>Facebook is popular for various social activities – especially for keeping in touch over summer Social Networks Facebook

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Student Use (2) <ul><li>Example of groups subscribed by a student: </li></ul><ul><ul><li>Student society </li></ul></ul><ul><ul><li>Social </li></ul></ul>Note that Facebook provides access to videos and photos – a way of providing seamless access or a bandwidth hog? Social Networks Facebook

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The Opportunities <ul><li>Facebook provides great opportunities for colleges and universities: </li></ul><ul><ul><li>It’s popular </li></ul></ul><ul><ul><li>It’s easy-to-use </li></ul></ul><ul><ul><li>No need for in-house development or to purchase software </li></ul></ul><ul><ul><li>Useful for staff and post-graduate students too </li></ul></ul><ul><ul><li>We can easily integrate our resources into Facebook (e.g. RSS feeds, blogs, etc.) </li></ul></ul><ul><ul><li>It can provide alternative access to our services cf. MyNewport portal which took a day to port to Facebook </li></ul></ul>Social Networks Facebook

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What’s The Downside? <ul><li>Various concerns have been expressed about: </li></ul><ul><ul><li>Privacy (is Facebook a private or public space?) </li></ul></ul><ul><ul><li>Is Facebook a space for students or for all? </li></ul></ul><ul><ul><li>Is Facebook a closed environment? </li></ul></ul><ul><ul><li>… </li></ul></ul>Facebook

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You Can Manage Your Privacy <ul><li>You have control over the information others can see about you </li></ul>

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You Can Manage Your Privacy <ul><li>You have control over the information others can see about you </li></ul><ul><li>But how many users change the default settings? </li></ul>And what about what Facebook can do with your information? Note that Wikipedia provides useful information on Facebook’s terms and conditions

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Deployment Strategies <ul><li>I want to do use the Social Web but: </li></ul><ul><ul><li>The IT Services department bans it </li></ul></ul><ul><ul><li>The council bans it </li></ul></ul><ul><ul><li>My boss doesn’t approve </li></ul></ul><ul><li>Area of interest to UKOLN: </li></ul><ul><ul><li>“ Just do it” </li></ul></ul><ul><ul><li>Subversive approach – ‘Friends of Foo’ if Foo can’t use it </li></ul></ul><ul><ul><li>Encourage enthusiasts </li></ul></ul><ul><ul><li>Don’t get in the way </li></ul></ul>UKOLN briefing papers available (with CC licence). More to be released shortly.

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Conclusions <ul><li>To conclude: </li></ul><ul><ul><li>Web 2.0 can provide real benefits for our users </li></ul></ul><ul><ul><li>There are many opportunities for cultural heritage organisations </li></ul></ul><ul><ul><li>We need to be seek ways we can exploit such opportunities </li></ul></ul><ul><ul><li>We also need to acknowledge risks and dangers </li></ul></ul><ul><ul><li>Further discussions on Web 2.0 issues are given on the UKWebFocus.wordpress.com blog </li></ul></ul>Conclusions

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Questions <ul><li>Any questions? </li></ul>