Enzymes accelerate biological reactions and their reaction rates depend on conditions like temperature and pH levels. The workshop explored how altering conditions affected catalysis and reaction rates using the enzyme p-nitrophenyl glucopyranoside. Experiments showed this enzyme works best at pH 5, where it hydrolyzes starch into glucose and p-nitrophenol, detected by its yellow color. Samples tested at different pH levels found only pH 5 turned yellow, and spectrometer readings confirmed more products formed at lower pH, demonstrating pH significantly impacts the enzyme's reaction rate.