1. 8.1 INTRODUCTION TO
STATISTICAL TESTS
CHAPTER 8: HYPOTHESIS TESTING

2. Page 411
INFERENTIAL STATISTICS
• Inferential statistics involves methods of using
information from a sample to draw conclusions
regarding the population.
• Most statistical inference centers around the parameters of
a population (usually the mean or probability of success in a
binomial trial)
• In Chapter 7, we focused on estimating the value of the
parameter
• In this chapter, we will focus on decisions concerning the
value of a parameter and hypothesis testing
• To introduce statistical tests, we will discuss the mean, however
the methods apply to other parameters as well

3. Page 411
STATING HYPOTHESES
•

4. Page 412
STATING HYPOTHESES
•

5. Page 411
EXAMPLE 1:
NULL AND ALTERNATE HYPOTHESES
•

6. Page 412
TYPES OF TESTS
• We categorize a statistical test according to the
alternate hypothesis
Table 8-1
The Null and Alternate Hypotheses for Tests of the Mean 

7. Page 413
IMPORTANT VOCABULARY
FOR HYPOTHESIS TESTS
•

8. Page 413
BASIC PROCESS OF
HYPOTHESIS TESTS
1. State the null and alternate hypotheses
2. Take a simple random sample and compute a
sample test statistic
3. Use the sampling distribution of the test statistic
and the type of test to compute the P-value
4. Conclude the test
5. Interpret the results

9. Page 415
P – VALUE
•

10. P – VALUE AND TYPES OF TESTS
•
Page 415

11. TYPES OF ERRORS Page 416
•
Type I and Type II Errors
Table 8-2

12. TYPES OF ERRORS
• For tests of hypotheses to be well constructed, they
must be designed to minimize possible errors of
decision. (Usually, we do not know if an error has
been made, and therefore, we can talk only about
the probability of making an error.)

13. TYPES OF ERRORS
•

14. TYPES OF ERRORS
• Summary of the probabilities or errors associated
with a statistical test
Probabilities Associated with a Statistical Test
Table 8-3

15. Page 418
CONCLUDING A STATISTICAL TEST
•

16. Page 420
CONCLUDING A STATISTICAL TEST
•
Meaning of the Terms Fail to Reject H0 and Reject H0
Table 8-4

17. Page 413
EXAMPLE 2:
STATISTICAL TESTING PREVIEW
•

18. SOLUTION
•