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Grails resources
- 3. Intro ● Resources plugin – http://grails.org/plugin/resources ● Installed by default in Grails 2.0 – Available in 1.3.x branches ● Written by Marc Palmer & Luke Daley
- 4. Why?
- 6. Performance impacts cost - less traffic - less load - better scalability
- 7. 14 rules http://stevesouders.com/hpws/rules.php Good performance tips from Yahoo! Firefox ySlow plugin Google Page Speed - Chrome - Firefox - mod_pagespeed for apache
- 8. Rule 1 - Make Fewer HTTP Requests Rule 2 - Use a Content Delivery Network Rule 3 - Add an Expires Header Rule 4 - Gzip Components Rule 5 - Put Stylesheets at the Top Rule 6 - Put Scripts at the Bottom Rule 7 - Avoid CSS Expressions Rule 8 - Make JavaScript and CSS External Rule 9 - Reduce DNS Lookups Rule 10 - Minify JavaScript Rule 11 - Avoid Redirects Rule 12 - Remove Duplicate Scripts Rule 13 - Configure ETags Rule 14 - Make AJAX Cacheable
- 9. Example
- 10. Example optimized with resources
- 12. History ● D.I.Y. ● 2008 - UI Performance ● 2009 - Static Resources Plugin ● December 2011 – Resources Plugin included by default in Grails 2.0 release
- 13. DIY ● pre-optimized bundles ● custom filters ● build time jobs
- 14. UI Performance plugin ● http://grails.org/plugin/ui-performance/ ● minification of CSS and JS ● compression ● css sprites ● bundling of CSS and JS ● build time
- 15. Resources Plugin ● Pluggable framework for handling static resources ● runtime ":resources:1.2-RC1" ● “This plugin represents a new way of declaring and linking to static resources in your application and plugins. Resource dependencies can be declared (e.g. jQuery UI requires jQuery) and pages simply indicate which resource modules they require. The plugin does the rest, and provides a processing pipeline for advanced optimisations.”
- 16. Using Resources in your Layout <html> <head> <g:layoutTitle/> <r:layoutResources/> </head> <body> <g:layoutBody/> <r:layoutResources/> </body> </html>
- 17. GSP view <html> <head> <meta name="layout" content="main"/> <r:require modules="jquery-ui, blueprint"/> <r:script> $(function() { $('#form').dialog('open'); }); </r:script> </head> <body> <div id="form"> Hello World </div> </body> </html>
- 18. Runtime ● Redirects on legacy URLs to a /static/<resource URI> ● Uses the ProcessingFilter to Process the Resource
- 19. Resources ● MyApplicationResources.groovy contains modules, bundles, etc. ● ResourcesArtefactType – *Resources.groovy ● Definable in Config.groovy grails.resources.modules = { … }
- 20. Resource DSL modules = { core { dependsOn 'jquery, utils' defaultBundle 'ui' resource url:'/js/core.js', disposition: 'head' resource url:'/js/ui.js' resource url:'/css/main.css', resource url:'/css/branding.css' resource url:'/css/print.css', attrs: [media:'print'] } … }
- 21. dependsOn modules = { core { dependsOn 'jquery, utils' dependsOn 'other' dependsOn(['heavy', 'metal']) } }
- 22. resource method modules = { ui { resource '/css/forms.css' resource '/js/forms.js' } }
- 23. resource attributes ● url * required ● exclude (exclude:'minify') ● bundle ● disposition ● attrs ● id ● linkOverride ● wrapper – (wrapper: { s -> "<!--if lt IE 8>$s<!endif-->" } )
- 24. defaultBundle method modules = { core { defaultBundle 'core-ui' ... } ui { defaultBundle 'core-ui' … } }
- 25. TagLib ● <r:resource> ● <r:img> ● <r:renderModule> ● <r:script> ● <r:layoutResources> ● <r:require> ● <r:external>
- 26. CSS ● Bundling ● Rewriting ● Minification
- 27. yui-minification for css and js ● runtime ":yui-minify-resources:0.1.5" ● http://grails.org/plugin/yui-minify-resources ● Confgurable: – grails.resources.mappers.yuicssminify.includes = ['**/*.css'] – grails.resources.mappers.yuijsminify.includes = ['**/*.js'] – grails.resources.mappers.yuicssminify.excludes = ['**/*.min.css'] – grails.resources.mappers.yuijsminify.excludes = ['**/*.min.js'] – More...
- 28. less.css ● Variables ● Mixins ● Nested Rules ● Functions & Operations ● Client side ● Server side ● Command Line ● compile ":lesscss-resources:1.3.0.3" ● http://lesscss.org/
- 29. Smart Sprites Resources ● compile ":smart-sprites-resources:0.2" ● http://grails.org/plugin/smart-sprites-resources ● Uses Smart Sprites ● http://csssprites.org/ ● Used in UI Performance
- 30. Javascript ● jQuery ● Bootstrap (out of date?) ● Handlebars ● dustjs ● gsp
- 31. disposition ● link disposition (head vs defer) ● Successive calls to <r:layoutResources> – Once in the <head/> – Once before the closing </body> tag ● Blocking the UI!! Don't do it! ● <r:layoutResources disposition='defer'/>
- 32. Asset pipeline ● Pluggable pipeline of ResourceMappers ● Include/exclude logic ● Phases ● Configurable map() method
- 33. class TestResourceMapper { def phase = MapperPhase.MUTATION static defaultExcludes = [ '**/*.png', '**/*.gif', '**/*.jpg', '**/*.jpeg', '**/*.gz', '**/*.zip' ] static defaultIncludes = [ '/images/**' ] def map(resource, config) { … } }
- 35. Mapper Phase ● GENERATION – create new assets = compile less files ● MUTATION – alter/improve assets (may mean creating new/deleting aggregated resources) = spriting ● COMPRESSION – reducing the file size but maintaining semantics = minify ● LINKNORMALISATION – convert all inter asset references into a normal form = css links ● AGGREGATION – combining multiple assets into one = bundling
- 36. Mapper Phase ● RENAMING – moving of physical assets = hashing ● LINKREALISATION – convert normalised inter asset references into real form = css links ● ALTERNATEREPRESENTATION – attach different representations of the asset = gzipping ● DISTRIBUTION – moving assets to their hosting environment = s3, cdn ● ABSOLUTISATION – update inter asset references to their distributed equivalent ● NOTIFICATION – let the world know about the new resources = cache invalidation
- 37. cached-resources ● runtime ":cached-resources:1.0" ● http://grails.org/plugin/cached-resources ● Files/resources use a SHA-256 hash ● Delegates to the cache-headers plugin – ETag header – Last-Modified header
- 38. zipped-resources ● runtime ":zipped-resources:1.0" ● http://grails.org/plugin/zipped-resources ● Gzip applied to files ● Sends the .gz contents ● Sets the Transfer-Encoding header to 'gzip'
- 39. cdn-resources ● compile ":cdn-resources:0.2.1" ● http://grails.org/plugin/cdn-resources ● grails.resources.cdn.enabled = true ● grails.resources.cdn.url = " http://static.mydomain.com/” ● Configurable URL per modules...
- 40. Configuration ● Change the /static/ URI prefix: grails.resources.uri.prefix = 'other' ● grails.resources.work.dir ● grails.resources.debug = true ● grails.resources.processing.enabled = false ● grails.resources.rewrite.css
- 41. More Config ● grails.resources.adhoc.patterns = ["/images/*", "*.css", "*.js"] ● grails.resources.mappers.cssrewriter.includes = ['**/*.css', '**/*.less'] ● grails.resources.mappers.csspreprocessor.includes = ['**/*.css', '**/*.less'] ● grails.resources.mappers.cssrewriter.excludes = ['unsafe/**'] ● grails.resources.mappers.csspreprocessor.excludes = ['unsafe/**'] ● grails.resources.mappers.bundle.excludes = ['unsafe/**/*.css']
- 42. Debugging ● Reloading in development ● Debug with ?_debugResources=y ● anti-cache: ?_refreshResources=y ● log4j: ● debug "org.grails.plugin.resource"
- 44. Write your own plugin? ● Dart? ● Sass? ● Javascript templating du jour?
- 45. Issues ● Load balancing bugs ● non-DRY elements in Deep hierarchies ● Others?