honors world history- height of medieval europe

1. Anti-Semitism
By 1100 Christians blamed Jews for
their problems
Some church leaders required Jews
to wear ID badges
Were forced from their land and had
to become peddlers and money
lenders
Many moved to Eastern Europe

2. The
Crusades

4. First Crusade
Seljuks Turks threatened Constantinople
Pope Urban II inspired knights &
peasants to rise up against Muslims in
1095
On the way to Jerusalem they also killed
many Jews
When they conquered Jerusalem in
1099, they massacred most of the
people there

5. Second Crusade
Muslims regained some
land in 1145
The Pope wanted it back
Crusade was led by the
French king Louis VII
Quarrelling and ineffective
leadership caused it to fail
in 1149

6. Third Crusade
Muslim leader Saladin
conquered Jerusalem in
1187
A unified force of kings, including King
Richard from England tried to regain it
Richard fought alone
Lost but gained pilgrims access to
Jerusalem

8. Effects
First Crusade gave western
Europeans a sense of power
Weakened feudalism and gained
monarchs more power
Crusaders learned much from the
Muslim and Byzantine worlds that
improved civilization and pulled them
out of the dark ages
Opened up new trade routes east

9. Economic and
Cultural
Revival

10. Economic Expansion
Advances in agriculture increased
production
Trade exploded as towns grew
Goods from all over the world were
once again available
Trade made it necessary to develop a
money economy
Led to banking, loans and a larger
decline of feudalism

12. Growth of Towns
Dramatic Increase in towns
Overcrowding, Disease (Plague)

13. Development of the Middle
Class
Guilds governed business
Kept quality of work, prices and
wages at a good level
Artisans & craft workers
made up the new middle class
Governed towns
Funded the king

14. GUILD SETUP

15. Education
Growth of towns increased need for
education
Around 1150 Universities began
popping up around Europe
Greek, Roman, and Muslim writings
and science, kept safe by Muslims
and Jews, led to a cultural revival
Thomas Aquinas silenced church
officials wary of “reason”

16. Medieval Literature & Art
Troubadours performed music about
knights and chivalry
Many women, mostly nuns, were also
well-known writers & composers
Most literature was in the vernacular
so that everyone could understand it
Geoffrey Chaucer-”Canterbury Tales”
“Beowulf”
Churches were in the Gothic Style