A Level PE - WJEC - Health of the Nation

1. Evaluation of Health
Status

2. Health Screening
& monitoring of exercise programmes
and physiological testing

3. Methods of health screening
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A PAR-Q is a Physical Activity Readiness
Questionnaire and should be completed before
significantly increasing your activity levels.
Have you sought medical advice for a heart condition?
Do you experience chest pains?
If answer yes to any – must seek
Do you have a bone or joint problem?
medical advice before exercising
Do you have low or high blood pressure?
Are you pregnant?
If no – can gradually start to
Are you a diabetic?
increase exercise levels
Are you an asthmatic?
Are you over 60 years of age?
Have you had an injury in the last 6 months?
Have you had a cold in the last 2 weeks?
Do you know of any reason why you should not increase your physical activity?

4. Methods of health screening
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Many companies (including the NHS) offer
Health Screening to give you a full picture of your
current state of health and your long-term health
prospects.
E.g.

5. Methods of health screening
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Medical and lifestyle questionnaire
Dietary assessment
BMI Guide to healthy living
Personalised medical report and
recommendations
Lifestyle consultation with nurse
Consultation with doctor

6. Methods of health screening
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Measurements –
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Blood pressure ,
Body composition
(height, weight, hip to
waist, BMI and body fat
percentage)
Blood Tests –
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Cholesterol profile,
Diabetes
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Other Investigations –
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Cardiovascular risk score
Urine analysis (3 tests for
diabetes infection and
kidney function),
Blood in stool test (Over
45) (may indicate bowel
cancer)
Resting ECG

7. Methods of health screening
Female specific tests
 Breast cancer awareness
Male specific tests
 Testicular cancer awareness
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Breast examination
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Testicular examination
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Mammography (Over 40 if
selected)
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Prostate cancer blood test
(Over 50 if selected)
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Cervical cancer screening
(including HPV if clinically
appropriate)

8. Health of the Nation
Similar stuff to last year

9. Health of the nation
•Current concerns and trends in relation to physical fitness,
obesity and cardiac problems
•Influences on health – notion of personal autonomy and
external factors influencing lifestyle choices
•Health promotion and regulation. Exercise adherence.
•Policies and initiatives
•Body and self image – naturalist and constructionist views
of the body and the role of the media.

10. Reduction in Physical Fitness levels is due to:
More TV viewing and video games
Reduction in PE at school
Urban environments discouraging physical activity
Decline in children walking and cycling to school
But should we simply allow people to be as fit or unfit as
they choose? (notion of personal autonomy/choice)
Body image/Self-image - How does the media affect this?

11. 1 in 4 11-15 year olds is classified as obese in England
Increase in Obesity levels is due to:
•Lack of activity - Positive Energy balance
•Fast food
•Wrong sort of food – not a balanced diet
Coronary heart disease is the single most common
cause of death in the UK
Overall CVD is estimated to cost the UK economy
£30.7 billion a year
The majority of CHD is potentially preventable.

12. Exercise raises
basal Metabolic
rate so maintains
negative energy
balance so
reduces weight.
Exercise Maintains
bone density
Also raises
metabolic rate for
up to 5 hours after
exercise
Helps control
blood
insulin/glucose
levels
Lowers blood pressure and
keeps arterioles flexible so
reducing hypertension and
risk of Heart attack/stroke
Increases HDL Cholesterol
so reducing fatty build up
in arteries

13. Health problems resulting from obesity
CORONARY HEART DISEASE
ATHEROSCHLEROSIS
HYPERTENSION
HEART ATTACK
TYPE 2 DIABETES
HIGH CHOLESTEROL
STROKE
LDL
(BAD)
v
HDL
(GOOD)

14. Has responsibility for the state of the nation’s health
and promoting healthy lifestyles –
Smoking, drinking, exercise promotion and healthy
eating
Page 3 onwards of student notes

15. Exercise Adherence – sticking to your exercise plan
Fifty percent of those who begin an exercise program
will drop out within six months. (New Years
resolutions)
We can help ourselves to stick to exercise programmes by:
• Decide where you are going to exercise best. (at home or at he gym
or pool etc.) – avoid distractions
•Choose activities you enjoy and keep the sessions short to start with.
•Set realistic goals and write out your goals somewhere in full view.
•Monitor your progress
•Establish a routine so physical activity becomes a habit
•Find an exercise partner then you are less likely to let each other
down.

16. Exam Questions
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Each group has an exam question
As a group you will try and construct a rough
outline to the question on the flipchart paper
You will compare this with the mark scheme
Plan a presentation on how to answer this
question and the key aspects of the topics
covered that you need to know
You will present this in Tuesday’s lesson