The skeletal system has several functions including providing shape, support and protection to the body. It is also involved in movement and production of blood cells. The skeletal system contains bones and cartilage, with bones being composed of compact bone, spongy bone, and minerals like calcium and phosphorus. Bones are classified as long, short, flat, or irregular, and the human body contains over 200 bones organized into the axial skeleton (skull and spine) and appendicular skeleton (arms, legs, hands and feet).

1. 6th Grade Science Skeletal System

2. I. Function Shape and Support Movement Protection Produce all blood cells Storage for minerals

3. II. Components Cartilage Mostly water Resilient tissue Covers ends of bones

4. Figure 6.1

6. II. Components B. Bone1. Classification i. Long Bones (arms and legs) ii. Short Bones (hands and feet) iii. Flat Bones (skull) iv. Irregular (vertibra) 2. Numbers i. Born 275 ii. Adult 206 iii. 20% of body weight 3. Minerals harden bone (Ca and P) 4. Names

7. Figure 6.2

8. i. Spine Cervical (7) Thoracic (12) “Ribs” Lumbar (5) Sacrum (5) Coccyx (4) “Tail”

9. ii. Skull

10. iii. Arm Clavicle Scapula Humerus Radius Ulna Carpels (wrist) Metacarpels (palm) Phalanges (fingers)

11. iv. Leg Pelvic girdle Femur Patella Fibula Tibula Tarsals (ankle) Metatarsals (arch) Phalanges (toes)

12. 5. Types Compact Bone (outer layer) Spongy Bone (inner layer)

13. Figure 6.4

14. 6. Structure of a Long Bone Figure 6.3a-c

15. Figure 6.6a, b

16. III. Development (exercise & nutrients)

17. IV. Repair