Various Rural Technologies developed by S.Khuntia, Scientist of CSIR. Most of all are being extensively disseminated in India through many national programme of Goverment of India for prosperity of common people

1. Rural Technology
Technology for masses
S.Khuntia
Scientist-G & Head
Design and Rural Technology Department
IMMT (CSIR), BHUBANESWAR

2. Objective: Prosperity for all
• Conservation of Rural Energy
• Reduction of Greenhouse gas (smoke & pollution in kitchen)
• Mechanization of Agriculture (enhance food production)
• TERAFIL technology for drinking water
• Non-farm technology
• Improving quality of life
• Employment generation through micro industries
• Technology transfer, training & demonstration
• Sustainable Rural Development

3. Rural Technology commercialized:
(Licensed to more than 180 micro industries & Govt. depts. during last 3 years)
• Energy efficient multi-fuel and biomass cook stoves.
(20 designs: portable & fixed, with/ without chimney stove for all)
• Power operated Threshers & Winnowers for Paddy & Pulses.
• TERAFIL water purification systems (50 to 100,000 lit/day).
• Biomass operated drier ( versatile drying applications).
• Biomass operated bakery oven.
• Coal/ wood fired pottery kiln.
• Coal fired low cost furnace for brass & bell metal artisans.
• Coal fired furnace for dhokra artisans ( lost wax casting).
• Cardamom drier for Arunachal Pradesh & Sikkim (N.E. states).
• Terafil water filter for Meghalaya, Sikkim & Arunachal (N.E. states)

4. Various Rural Technologies developed & commercialized

5. Significant benefits from Rural Technology:
• Conservation of fuels : Rs.100/- crores/ year.
Rs.100/ year.
• Supply of drinking water : More than 100 million lit/day.
lit/day.
• 1,00,000 units Paddy threshers used in Orissa.
00,
• 12,000 units 5,000 lit/day Terafil plants in Karnataka under ‘BHARAT NIRMAN’.
12,
• 10,000 units 1,000 lit/day Terafil filters in schools under ‘JALMANI’.
10,
• 30,000 units 50 lit/day Terafil water filter in Anganwadi centers, Health centers,
30,
households etc of Orissa, Meghalaya, Tamilnadu, Sikkim, Bihar etc.
• Capacity building & installation of 15,000 units domestic Terafil water filter in
15,
Orissa, Tamilnadu, Karnataka, Gujarat & Uttar Pradesh through DST project.
• 3,000 units domestic Terafil water filters installed in Cyclone & flood affected
areas of West Bengal & Bihar.
• Biomass operated driers & ovens used by NGOs, Self Help Groups (SHG).
• Harsha multi-fuel cook stoves under Climate Change Programme, Mid-Day- Mid-Day-
Meal programme of PMO and NPIC of MNRE, GOI. GOI
• Charcoal furnace transformed to coal fired furnace in Orissa for Brass & Bell
metal cottage industries.
• ……….
……….and many more indirect benefits to society. society.

6. ‘TERAFIL’- Red clay filtration media (disc)
TERAFIL – Burnt porous red clay media (disc),
used for filtration and treatment of both surface
& ground raw water into clean drinking water.
Materials of TERAFIL: Red clay (pottery clay),
sand, wood saw dust
TERAFIL- water filter disc
For treatment of ground water:-
Quality of product water:-
Turbidity : Within BIS limits
Bacteria : Within BIS limits
Iron : Within BIS limits
pH : Within BIS limits
Color & odor reduces drastically
Cost of product water: Rs.2/- per ton
Life of Terafil filtration disc: 5 years TERAFIL water filters
Life of Terafil stand-alone plant: 10 yr. Water spray through nozzle
For treatment of surface water:-
Mild chlorination (0.01gm/ltr. product water)
necessary to get pathogen free product water.
Nano-silver coating on Terafil disc: at ARCI & IMMT
Capacity: 1 to 1,00,000 lit/day On-Line Terafil water filter
(Gravity & Pressure filtration)

7. GOVT. OF ORISSA SPONSORED PROJECT:
PATRON: Honorable Chief Minister of Orissa
‘Terafil’ water filter with food grade
plastic containers:
Lid
• Capacity: 30 liter
• Rate of filtration: 4 – 5 lit/hr
• Life of containers: 8 – 10 yrs. Top
container
• Life of Terafil candles: more than 3 yrs.
• For distribution in schools, Anganwadi Terafil
centers, health centers etc. Support ring
• Pilot project for reduction of water borne
diseases among school children in Orissa.
• Distribution of 75,000 filters in 1st. Phase. Bottom
container
• Unit cost : Rs.430/- per filter
Rs.430/-
Tap
• Development & production of filters :by
IMMT (formerly RRL), Bhubaneswar and
CIPET, Bhubaneswar TERAFIL WATER FILTER
Nearly 30,000 Sets of Terafil water filter handed over to Govt. of Orissa

8. Other R&D on TERAFIL Technology : Completed
Development of Terafil based gravity filtration system : 1,000, 2,500,
5,000, 10,000, 25,000, 50,000, 75,000, 1,00,000 Ltr/day capacity plant
(Completed)
Development of Terafil based online water purification system :
a. 200 Ltr/Hr. online domestic Terafil water filter with food grade
plastic container (under field trial)
b. 5,000 Ltr/Hr. online community Terafil water filter with stainless
steel container (under development)
Development of suction type Terafil based online water purification
system: (under development)
Development of impregnation of Terafil disc with Nano-silver for
100% removal of bacteria (through ARCI-Hyderabad)

9. Inauguration of domestic TERAFIL water filter by Sri Sri Ravisankar Ji,
spiritual guru & founder of Art of Living

10. TERAFIL WATER FILTER launched by Hon’ble Chief Minister of
Orissa on 10th August 2007

11. TERAFIL WATER FILTER launched by Hon’ble Dy. Chief Minister of
Tamilnadu on 25th August 2010 at Chennai

12. Terafil water filters supplied to flood & cyclone
victims, Anganwadi centers etc.

13. Iron contaminated raw water
Terafil water filter with ferro-cement chambers in schools
of Orissa under ‘JALAMANI’ Programme of Govt. of India

14. 11,950 sets 5000 lit/day Terafil water purification plants being
installed in 3072 villages of Karnataka under ‘BHARAT NIRMAN’

15. Raw water & sediments
inside TERAFIL plants

16. Mincing Feeding to Reactor Burning of Bio-gas
Liquid slurry recharged
with feed materials
5 Cum. Biogas plant
Wealth from Waste Methane rich biogas from spoiled vegetables without waste management
Waste: