Placenta.tutor

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NAO, Medical University of Shahid Beheshti

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Reproductive system physiologyPlacenta By Khorrami Ph.D. http://khorrami1962.spaces.live.com khorrami4@yahoo.com

Estrogens Estrone (E1) Estradiol (E2) Estriol (E3) Estetrol (E4)

Estrogen 100mg/day before pregnancy 300mg/day in late pregnancy 85-90% is related to estriol(E3) or its conjugate

Fetoplacental-maternal unit Liver Adrenal acetate fetus 16-a-DHA-S E4 DHA-S sulfatase 16-a-DHA DHA Isomerase placenta E3 E1 E2 DHA-S E3-G Mother urine E4: Estetrol

Progesterone At term 250mg/day Excreted as Pregnandiol End of first trimester:10mg/day At term: 40mg/day Maternal cholesterol In syncytiotrophoblast: preg…..progesteron Most passes to fetal circulation Fetal adrenal……corticosteroid sulphate Remainder to maternal circulation

HCG Found in urine of pregnant women (1927) Detectable in maternal plasma 7-10 days after implantation Doubling each 48hrs Peak at 8-10th week Synthesized by: More by syncytiotrophoblast Less by cytotrophoblast

HCG a subunit: 92 AA common with LH by single gene (ch.6) In cyto and syncytiotrophoblast cells b subunit: 134 AA By 7 genes ( ch.19) In cytotrophoblast cells

Placenta Lack of MHC-I and MHC-II in trophoblast cells Presence of Fas-ligand in placenta Apoptosis of activated T cells

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Placenta.tutor

1. Reproductive system physiologyPlacenta By Khorrami Ph.D. http://khorrami1962.spaces.live.com khorrami4@yahoo.com

3. Estrogens Estrone (E1) Estradiol (E2) Estriol (E3) Estetrol (E4)

4. Estrogen 100mg/day before pregnancy 300mg/day in late pregnancy 85-90% is related to estriol(E3) or its conjugate

5. Fetoplacental-maternal unit Liver Adrenal acetate fetus 16-a-DHA-S E4 DHA-S sulfatase 16-a-DHA DHA Isomerase placenta E3 E1 E2 DHA-S E3-G Mother urine E4: Estetrol

6. Progesterone At term 250mg/day Excreted as Pregnandiol End of first trimester:10mg/day At term: 40mg/day Maternal cholesterol In syncytiotrophoblast: preg…..progesteron Most passes to fetal circulation Fetal adrenal……corticosteroid sulphate Remainder to maternal circulation

7. HCG Found in urine of pregnant women (1927) Detectable in maternal plasma 7-10 days after implantation Doubling each 48hrs Peak at 8-10th week Synthesized by: More by syncytiotrophoblast Less by cytotrophoblast

8. HCG a subunit: 92 AA common with LH by single gene (ch.6) In cyto and syncytiotrophoblast cells b subunit: 134 AA By 7 genes ( ch.19) In cytotrophoblast cells

9. Placenta Lack of MHC-I and MHC-II in trophoblast cells Presence of Fas-ligand in placenta Apoptosis of activated T cells

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