BEWARE FROM MOSQUITOES

1. PREPARED BY
K.G.MALLIKARJUN
VICE PRINCIPAL
JAWAHAR NAVODAYA VIDYALAYA
PRABHAT PATTAN
BETUL DISTRICT (M.P.)

2. CAUSES
SYMPTOMS
STATISTICS
TREATMENT
PRECAUTIONS
PREVENTION
CONTROL MEASURES
BIBILOGRAPHY

3. CAUSES:
Filariasis is a parasitic disease of the tropics. Microscopic,
threadlike worms called, filaria, cause the disease. The worm can be
up to 20 inches long. The adult female worm releases microfilaria to
be ingested by mosquitoes, gnats and flies. These insects then
transmit the infection into human’s blood and lymphatic vessels.
The lymph system maintains your body’s fluid balance and fights
infections. Once the worm is in the lymphatic vessels they grow to
adults. The worm mates and release millions of microscopic worms
in the blood.

5. Symptoms appear 5-18 months after the infected insect bite.
Filariasis is not life threatening but can permanently damage the
lymph system and kidneys. Fluid collects causing swelling, scarring
and infections in the arms, breasts, legs and for men, the genital
area. The name of this swelling is lymph edema. People with the
disease can suffer pain, disfigurement and sexual disability. The
swelling of the decreased function of the lymph system make it
difficult for the body to fight germs and infections. It will have more
bacterial infections in the skin and lymph system. This causes
hardening and thickening of the skin, which is referred to as
elephantiasis

6. Name of
Disease
Organism Vector Region
Malayan
filariasis
Brugia
malayi
Mosquito
South and East Asia, adjacent
islands
Timor
filariasis
Brugia
timori
Mosquito Savu Sea Islands
Bancroft's
filariasis
Wucheria
bancrofti
Mosquito
Widespread - tropical areas of
Africa, Asia, Pacific, Central and
South America, and the Caribbean
Ozzard
filariasis
Mansonella
ozzardi
Black fly
Middle and South America,
Caribbean
Perstans
filariasis
Mansonella
perstans
Midge
Tropical Africa, middle and South
America
Streptocer
ciasis
Mansonella
streptocerca
Midge Central and western Africa

7. BANCROFT’S FILARIASIS MALAYAN FILARIASIS
TIMOR FILARIASIS OZZARD FILARIASIS

8. 0ZZARD FILARIASIS

10. • Put more than a billion people at risk
• Elephantiasis is spread into 73 countries
• 43 million of them are seriously affected
• ⅓ live in Africa
• ⅓ live in India
• The remainder live in southeast Asia and the pacific and America
• In epidemic communities up to 10 – 50% of men are susceptible
• 10% of women are susceptible
• Appears in adult men 75% of the time
• 10-50% of men suffer from genital damage
• Swelling of entire leg, arm or breast occurs in more than 10% of
an epidemic community
• 14% of average incidence

11. Medicine kills circulating larvae and adult worms:
1. SURAMIN
> Very effective but high toxic
> Cause immediate nausea and anaphylactic shock
2. IVERMECTIN
> Effective for most species and less toxic
> Fever myalgia, headache, sore throat and cough
3. DIETHYLCARBAMAZINE
> Fever , malaise and headaches occur
> Side effects are increased with the number of worms in system
4. Parasite will be killed but effects may be irreversible.
5. Soap and water reduces infection as well as anti-bacterial cream.
6. Elevate and Exercise helps to reduce swelling.

12. No Vaccine available.
Occurs mostly in the tropical poor countries
Difficult to prevent transmission.
Nets and repellent may control mosquitoes.
Medical advice should be sought immediately if
infection is suspected.
Stay inside between dusk and dark.
When outside wear long pants and long – sleeved
shirts.
Sleep under a mosquito net.

13. •Remove stagnant pools of water near your home
•If traveling abroad, use mosquito nets treated with permethrin around your
bed.
•Use a flying insect killer spray to rid your sleeping area of these dangerous
insects.
•Outdoors, use a Deet insect Repellent on your skin, and permethrin
insecticide on your clothing. This combination has been proven to be almost
100% effective in preventing mosquito bites.
STAGINANT POOL SPRAY MOSQUITO NET MOSQUITO REPELLENT

14. • Farmer education on the proper management of agrochemicals
•Promotion of ecological farming practices and replacement of
chemical pest and disease control by integrated pest and disease
management(IPM).
•Better control of sales of banned pesticides.
•Introducing of cheap protective clothing and equipment.
•Monitoring of residues of agrochemicals in ground water.

15. 1. MICROSOFT ENCARTA
2. BRITANNICA 2001.
3. www.ecureme.com
4. www.niaid.nih.gov
5. www.who.int
6. www.knowledgebank.irri.org
7. www.itcilo.it

16. Elephantiasis (or) filariasis
PRESENTED BY: K.G.MALLIKARJUN
JNV PRABHAT PATTAN,
BETUL (M.P.).
SPECIAL THANKS :1.NVS(HR), BHOPAL
2. Sri.B.D.RAMTEKE,
PRINCIPAL
JNV,BETUL(M.P.)
3. Sri B.SUDHEER, FCSA
4. JNV STAFF,
BETUL (M.P.)
ALL THE COPY ® 2005 RESERVED
END OF THE PRESENTATION