Meniere's disease causes severe dizziness, ringing in the ears, hearing loss, and a feeling of fullness in the ear. It occurs when fluid builds up in the inner ear, disrupting the normal balance of endolymph fluid and affecting the semicircular canals responsible for balance. While the exact cause is unknown, it may be related to issues with blood vessel restriction or genetic abnormalities related to endolymph fluid regulation. The disease does not target a specific age, race, or sex and usually only affects one ear.