The Baltic Sea is located in Northern Europe and surrounded by the Scandinavian Peninsula and mainland Europe. It has been exposed to extensive pollution from industrialization starting in the late 19th century, making it one of the most polluted seas in the world. Various harmful substances from oil spills, radioactive fallout, heavy metals, and chemicals accumulate in the sea and its organisms. International projects have been developed to cooperatively manage the sea's resources and facilitate integrated land, coastal, and marine management between surrounding countries to help improve the health of the Baltic Sea ecosystem.

1. Keren shay
Group:14

2. Baltic see
The baltic see is a barckish mediterranean sea located in
Northen Europen.
It’s located by the Scandinevian Paninsula,the main land of
Europe.
It drains into the Kattegat by way of the, the Kattegat
continues through Skagerrak into the North Sea and the
Atlantic Ocean.
Baltic Sea might be considered to be bordered on its
northern edge by the Gulf of Bothnia, on its northeastern
edge by the Gulf of Finland, and on its eastern edge by the
Gulf of Riga. These various gulfs can also be considered
part of the sea
The Baltic region known because of its resources of amber.

3. Polluted sea
The Baltic Sea has been exposed to an extensive use 
of chemicals from the very beginning of the 
industrialization of the region in the late 19th century
and its marine environment has one of the longest
histories of contamination in the world.
Consequently the Baltic has often been referred to as 
the most polluted sea in the world.

4. Harmful substances deriving from human activity reach the 
Baltic Sea from many different sources:
Oil spills release large amounts of hydrocarbons into the sea. 
Radioactive fallout reaches the Baltic either airborne or 
carried by sea currents.
Heavy metals such as cadmium, lead and mercury are directly
harmful to the environment.
They accumulate on the sea bottom in sediments and can be 
converted into a soluble form, released into the water and
returned to the nutrient chain when conditions on
the sea bottom change through oxygen depletion
eutrophication, overfishing, toxic contaminants, and 
alien (i.e. foreign) species.

5. The hazardous substances
Tributyltin (TBT) 
Triphenyltin (TPhT) 
Bromodiphenyl ethers (BDEs)
Medium-chain chlorinated paraffin (MCCP)
Endosulfan..
Those materials and more are absorbs in fish, as 
sediments, also acummulate in organisms and may have
unfavourable effects on baltic marine environment.
eutrophication, overfishing, toxic contaminants, and 
alien (i.e. foreign) species. 

7. Observations of hazardous with the
highest Contamination Ratio
substances
for the abbreviations. 
Substances with 
the highest CRs 
units, number of 
observations %: 
PCBs 27 20 
Lead 13 9 
Mercury 3 9 
137Cesium 12 9 

8. DDT/DDE 3/9 9 
Tributyltin 11 8 
Benz[a]anthracene 9 7 
Cadmium 7 5 
Dioxins/DL-PCBs 4 3 
Nonylphenol 4 3 
Zinc 4 3 
VDSI-index 3 2 
Arsenic 2 1 
DEHP 2 1 
HCHs 2 1 
Nickel 2 1 
Octylphenol 2 1 
PBDE 2 1 
Anthracene 1 1 
Benzo[ghi]perylene 1 1 
Benzo[k]fl uoranthene 1 1 
Copper 1 1 
Fluorene 1 1 
PAH-metabolites 1 1 
Total 137 100 

9. How to avoid the pollution
human activities at sea, in the coastal zone and in the surrounding 
land-based catchment area are the main causes of the problems in
the Baltic Sea region.
Thus, it is necessary to work together to benefit the marin ecosystem 
and the human communities living around it.
To this end developed in the Baltic Sea Regional Projects such as: 
(BSRP) as a mechanism for enhanced management of the common 
resources of the Baltic Sea
Ecosystem, facilitating cooperative action and coordination between 
the main regulatory and advisory bodies in the region (i.e. HELCOM,
IBSFC, ICES) and their associated coastal countries, with a view to 
developing integrated approaches to land, coastal and marine
management.
Of cource that for save the sea each person should be responsible 
about his activities to not have bad influence on the environment of
the Baltic sea.

10. http://www.ices.dk/projects/balticsea/baltic%20sea- 
rse%20thulin%20and%20andrusaitis.pdf
http://www.helcom.fi/stc/files/Publications/Proceedings
/bsep120B.pdf
http://www.cohiba-project.net/
http://www.helcom.fi/stc/files/Publications/Proceedings
/bsep119.pdf
http://www.baltic.vtt.fi/demo/balful.html