Overview of F gas regulations introduced by the EU from January 2010 and which affect all refrigeration and AC systems using R22 gas

1. HCFC R22 REPLACEMENT

2. F - GAS REGULATIONS WHAT ARE THEY? EUROPEAN REGULATIONS RELATING TO THE USE OF HCFC REFRIGERANTS WHY HAVE THEY BEEN INTRODUCED? STUDIES HAVE SHOWN HCFC REFRIGERANTS SUCH AS R22 HAVE A DETRIMENTAL EFFECT ON THE OZONE LAYER & MAY ALSO CONTRIBUTE TO GLOBAL WARMING IMPACT FROM 1 JANUARY 2010 THE USE OF VIRGIN HCFC’S INCLUDING R22 IS PROHIBITED IN THE MAINTENANCE & SERVICING OF REFRIGERATION & AC EQUIPMENT CONSEQUENCES AVAILABILITY OF EXISTING & RECYCLED R22 GAS WILL DRIVE PRICE UP. NOT A LONG TERM SOLUTION AS THE USE OR RECYCLED HCFC’S INCLUDING R22 WILL BE PROHIBITED FROM 1 JANUARY 2015

3. F - GAS REGULATIONS WHAT ARE THE OPTIONS? REPLACE EXISTING PLANT WITH NEW EQUIPMENT UTILIZING APPROVED HFC GASES. PROS. NEW EQUIPMENT LIKELY TO BE MORE EFFICIENT, REQUIRE LESS MANTENANCE & THE REFRIGERANT MEETS THE REQUIRED REGULATIONS CONS . COST, DISRUPTION TO OPERATIONS , THE CAREFUL , SAFE REMOVAL & DISPOSAL OF R22 SUBSTITUTE R22 WITH APPROVED HFC ALTERNATIVE PROS EXTENDS THE LIFE OF EXISTING PLANT WHERE EQUIPMENT IS IN GOOD CONDITION & IS PERFORMING AS DESIGNED REDUCED COST & DISRUPTION WHILST MEETING THE REQUIRMENTS OF THE REGULATIONS CONS ?

4. F - GAS REGULATIONS THE REGULATIONS ALSO IMPOSE OBLIGATION ON OPERATORS OF REFRIGERATION PLANTS USING HFC’S INCLUDING: PREVENTION OF LEAKS OF HFC REFRIGERANTS & THE REPAIR OF ANY LEAKS ASAP REGULAR LEAK TESTING 3, 6 OR 12 MONTH DEPENDING ON SIZE OF PLANT MAINTAIN SYSTEM RECORDS FITTING OF AUTOMATIC LEAK DETECTION SYSTEMS ON LARGER SYSTEMS ONLY CARRY OUT GAS RECOVERY USING CERTIFIED PERSONNEL CORRECTLY LABEL NEW PLANT, HFC TYPE & QUANTITY, ETC

5. ALTERNATIVE REFRIGERANT GASES THERE ARE A NUMBER OF DIFFERENT GASES AVAILABLE & USERS SHOULD INVESTIGATE THOROUGHLY BEFORE COMMITING THEMSELVES TO A PARTICULAR GAS, MISTAKES TEND TO BE EXPENSIVE DESPITE SOME CLAIMS, THERE IS NO SINGLE GAS THAT CAN REPLACE R22 IN ALL APPLICATIONS

6. THE RS SERIES OF REFRIGERANTS FROM STAR INTERNATIONAL

7. RS SERIES OF REFRIGERANTS DEVELOPED & MANUFACTURED IN THE UK WORLDWIDE SUPPORT A1 SAFETY CLASSIFICATION FROM ASHRAE

8. KEY BENEFITS OF USING RS SERIES OF REFRIGERANTS FACILITATES REPLACING OZONE DEPLETING SUBSTANCES COMPATIBLE WITH MO/AB LOW COST RETROFIT AVOIDS USING EXPENSIVE & HYGROSCOPIC POE OILS SIMILAR PERFORMANCE TO PRODUCTS BEING REPLACED IE R12, R22 & R502 ZERO OZONE DEPLETION POTENTIAL

9. APPROVALS * ASHRAE NUMBERS CLASSIFICATION RS-24 R426A A1 RS-44 R424A A1 RS-45 R434A A1 RS-52 R428A A1 * US EPA SNAP LIST RS-24 RS-44 RS-45 RS-52

10. OIL COMPATIBILTY MINERAL OIL (MO) ALKYLBENZENE OIL (AB) POLYOLESTER OIL (POE) POLYALKYLENE GLYCOL OIL (PAG) * * * * * * * * RS-24, RS-44, RS-45, RS-52 & RS-25 ARE COMPATIBLE WITH ALL OF THESE REFRIGERATION OILS

11. RS-44 * R22 REPLACEMENT PRIMARILY FOR A/C * SUITABLE IN SYSTEMS WITH FIXED ORIFICES & EXPANSIONS DEVICES * LOWER DISCHARGE PRESSURES * LOWER DISCHARGE TEMPERATURES * HIGHER CAPACITY THAN R417A

12. RS-45 (R434A) * SAME CAPACITY AS R22 * REPLACES R22 ACROSS TEMP RANGE * 1.5 DEG GLIDE * POTENTIAL USE IN FLOODED SYSTEMS * LOWER DISCHARGE TEMPERATURE * UNSUITABLE FOR RETROFIT IN FIXED ORIFICE SYSTEMS * OEM PRODUCT * NOTHING COMPARABLE: (1) Capacity to match R22 (2) Use with MO/AB/POE (3) Pressures similar to R22

13. WHY USE RS-45? * COMPATIBLE WITH TRADITIONAL LUBRICANTS (AB & MO) * SAME CAPACITY AS R22 AT HIGH & LOW TEMPERATURES * AVOIDS COSTLY RE-TOOLING TO HIGH PRESSURE R410A * NOTHING SIMILAR FOR S&T EVAPS * SIMILAR PRESSURES TO R22 * SIMILAR COEFFICIENT OF PERFORMANCE TO R22 * CONSIDERABLY LOWER DISCHARGE TEMPERATURE THAN R22 * NEAR AZEOTROPIC - LOW TEMPERATURE GLIDE 1.5 0 C * SAME COMPRESSION RATIO AS R22 * AVOIDS PROBLEMS OF FRACTIONATION * A SINGLE REFRIGERANT REPLACEMENT FOR R22 ACROSS THE RANGE OF APPLICATIONS WHERE R22 IS COMMONLY FOUND

14. RS-44 & RS-45 APPLICATIONS RS-44 IS SUITABLE FOR USE BOTH IN FIXED ORIFICE & SYSTEMS WITH AN EXPANSION VALVE. RS-44 WORKS WELL AS A REPLACEMENT FOR R22 AT MEDIUM & HIGH TEMPERATURES. RS-44 IS PARTICULARLY EFFECTIVE IN UNITARY AIR CONDITIONING SYSTEMS REPLACING R22 IN AN EXISTING SYSTEM WITH A CAPILLARY TUBE OR FIXED ORIFICE, RS-44 IS THE PREFERRED PRODUCT RS-44'S LOWER DISCHARGE PRESSURE PROVIDES CONSIDERABLE OPERATING BENEFITS RS-45 IS A CAPACITY MATCH FOR R22 ACROSS THE TEMPERATURE RANGE

15. RS-44 & RS-45 APPLICATIONS RS-45 HAS BEEN FORMULATED FOR USE BY ORIGINAL EQUIPMENT MANUFACTURERS AT LOWER TEMPERATURES, BELOW -25 O C EVAP, RS-45 IS ESPECIALLY EFFECTIVE AS A R22 REPLACEMENT RS-45 WITH ITS LOW GLIDE (AT 1.5 o C CONSIDERABLY LOWER THAN R407C) PROVIDES A SIGNIFICANT BENEFIT IN SPECIFIC APPLICATIONS, EG FLOODED SYSTEMS. BOTH RS-44 & RS-45 HAVE CONSIDERABLY LOWER DISCHARGE TEMPERATURES THAN R22

16. RS-44 PACKAGED A/C WINDOWS SPLITS ROOFTOPS CAPILLARY TUBE & TXV SYSTEMS RS-45 FLOODED CHILLERS SHELL & TUBE LOW TEMP (-350C) MASS FLOW SIMILAR TO R404A R404A TXV AVOID CAPILLARY TUBE SYSTEMS RS-52 SIMILAR PERFORMANCE & PRESSURE TO R507 FLOODED SYSTEMS LOW TEMP (-400C) R22 REPLACEMENT IF CONDENSER ADEQUATELY SIZED COMPATIBLE WITH MO/AB & POE OILS

17. RS-52 * NEAR AZEOTROPIC BLEND * CAPACITY MATCH FOR R502 * SIMILAR PERFORMANCE TO R404A & R507 * SIMILAR PRESSURES TO R507 * LOWER DISCHARGE TEMPERATURE * R22 REPLACEMENT AT LOW TEMP WHERE PRESSURES PERMIT * REPLACES INTERIM OZONE DEPLETING BLENDS * OEM PRODUCT