Goodness, (philosophy view) our UBD report in Philo. I hope its informative to you.

1. GOODNESS
Philosophy

2. Goodness • Good had many definitions throughout
history.
• It was what felt good, it was what our
elders told us, it was what our leaders
demanded, it was divinely revealed to
kings, it was what a God told a priest, it
was what philosophers argued, it was
whatever your society voted for, and it
went back to what feels good. It's no
wonder that relativists threw up their
hands and said there is no definition of
good so figure it out for yourselves.

3. Overview • Goodness is the quality of doing good
and not evil; it is the act of doing what is
desirable and not unpleasant.God is the
highest image of goodness.
• Moreover, how do people react to
goodness today?And what is the moral
judgment of goodness to be act in this
world?Violence of today is way too far
from our moral judgment of what is
good. For it is true that lawful things
does not mean morally good, and at the
present time we follow the rules to be
good.This is confusing to know what act
is good or evil.

4. Goodness
in the
Republic
of Plato
(Form of the Good)
• Plato describes "The Form of the Good",
or more literally "the idea of the good"
in his dialogue the Republic (508e2–3),
speaking through the character
of Socrates.
• Plato introduces several forms in his
works, but identifies the Form of the
Good as the superlative. This form is
the one that allows a philosopher-in-
training to advance to a philosopher-
king. It can not be clearly seen or
explained, but once it is recognized, it is
the form that allows one to realize all
the other forms.

6. Goodness- It
is “what
gives truth to
the things
known and
the power to
know to the
knower”.
• Plato identifies that we should not
“introduce every form of difference and
sameness in nature” instead we must
focus “on the one form of sameness and
difference that was relevant to the
particular ways of life themselves” which
is the Form of the Good.
• Plato analogizes the Form of the Good
with the sun as it is what allows us to see
things. Here, Plato describes how the sun
allows for sight. But he makes a very
important distinction, “sun is not sight”
but it is “the cause of sight itself.” As the
sun is in the visible realm, the Form of
Good is in the intelligible realm. It is “what
gives truth to the things known and the
power to know to the knower”. It is not
only the “cause of knowledge and truth,
it is also an object of knowledge”.

7. What do
we get
from
Goodness
?
• Plato identifies how the Form of the Good
allows for the cognizance to understand
such difficult concepts as justice.
• He identifies knowledge and truth as
important, but through Socrates (508d–e)
says, “good is yet more prized”. He then
proceeds to explain “although the good is
not being” it is “superior to it in rank and
power”, it is what “provides for knowledge
and truth” (508e).
• Plato writes that the Form (or Idea) of the
Good is the ultimate object of knowledge,
although it is not knowledge itself, and
from the Good, things that are just, gain
their usefulness and value. Humans are
compelled to pursue the good, but no one
can hope to do this successfully without
philosophical reasoning.

8. The
Aristotle
Highest
Good
• Every activity has a final cause, the good
at which it aims, there must be a highest
good at which all human activity
ultimately aims. This end of human life
could be called happiness (or living well),
but what is it really?
• Aristotle's assumes that the highest good,
whatever it turns out to be, has three
characteristics: it is desirable for itself, it
is not desirable for the sake of some other
good, and all other goods are desirable for
its sake.The good of a human being must
have something to do with being human;
and what sets humanity off from other
species, giving us the potential to live a
better life, is our capacity to guide
ourselves by using reason.

9. The
opposite
of
Goodness
• Differing views also exist as to why evil
might arise. Many religious and
philosophical traditions claim that evil
behavior is an aberration that results from
the imperfect human condition. Some
argue that evil itself is ultimately based in
an ignorance of truth . A variety of
Enlightenment thinkers have alleged the
opposite, by suggesting that evil is learned
as a consequence of tyrannical social
structures.
• Goodness and evil, or simply good and
evil, is the concept of all
human desires and behaviors as
conforming to a dualistic spectrum
wherein in one direction are aspects that
are wisely reverent of life and
continuity ("good"), and in the other are
aspects that are vainly reverent
of death and destruction ("evil").

10. Purpose
of
goodnes
s
• It results to personal growth which
includes gaining knowledge.
• Ignorance is the highest form of
stupidity because you cannot teach the
ignorance.With that by being good you
will know what should be the right
judgment.
• It results to highest form happiness.
• If you act good you feel good.
• It results to changes in the world.
• If we all act good in the same time, is
there person who isn't happy?

11. Our
Under-
standing
of
Goodnes
s
• It is true that it is ambiguous because
we have different understanding to
what is good but if we just simplify it, it
deals with an association with life,
charity, continuity, happiness, love
and justice. In short goodness is in
every virtue, and all this virtues are act
of good. It is a give and take relationship
of virtues, a cycle of good that what
breaks this is evil or the vice.The nature
of being good has been given many
treatments; one is that the good is
based on the natural love, bonding,
and affection that begins at the earliest
stages of personal development;
another is that goodness is a product of
knowing truth.

12. FIN.
Presented : March 16,2015