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Adverbs                                           P.114-115
     A word that modifies a verb, an adjective, or
another, adverb by making its meaning more specific.

EXAMPLES: modifying adjectives The movie was very scary.
             modifying verbs Never swim alone.
      modifying adverbs She almost always waited quite patiently.

They modify by answering these questions.
• When I change the schedule again.
• Where  Leave your coat there.
• How He stacked the books quickly and neatly.
• To what degree We were very sorry.
Every word ending in --ly is an
          adverb.
P. 116
PRACTICE: Identify the adverb and tell whether the word it modifies
is a verb, an adjective, or another adverb.
1. The sound he made as he slept was barely noticeable.
2. The dog bit the man unintentionally.
3. Rachel ran out of the burning building quickly.
4. Luis hardly knew her own sister, who had been at boarding school
    for four years.
5. Everyone I know thought the movie was terribly boring and almost
    too long to bear.
6. The people of Sweden are frequently blonde.
7. The lion tamers approached the escaped lioness very carefully.
8. I will gladly help you with your English homework.
9. Fearfully, Nayda turned to see if anyone was behind her.
10. He stumbled sleepily across the floor and reached for the coffee
    thirstily.
Different forms of adverbs that indicate their degree of comparison.
         POSITIVE           COMPARATIVE            SUPERLATIVE
      Does not compare      Compares two         Compares more
                               actions           than two actions
          Runs fast           Runs faster          Runs fastest
         Pays soon           Pays sooner          Pays soonest
         Works hard          Works harder         Works hardest
*For most adverbs that end in –ly or have more than one
syllable use the word more to form the comparative and most
to form the superlative.
      POSITIVE              COMPARATIVE              SUPERLATIVE
   Eats healthfully      Eats more healthfully   Eats most healthfully
    Checks often          Checks more often       Checks most often
    Snores loudly         Snores more loudly      Snores most loudly
Irregular forms
      POSITIVE         COMPARATIVE            SUPERLATIVE
     Swims well         Swims better           Swims best
    Dives badly          Dives worse           Dives worst
     Cares little         Cares less           Cares least
      Sees far           Sees farther         Sees farthest
   Researches far     Researches further   Researches furthest

PRACTICE: Write the comparative and superlative forms of
each adverb. Consult a dictionary if necessary.
1. Seriously           5. Late             9. Badly
2. Quietly             6. Well             10. Clumsily
3. Near                7. Quick
4. Sincerely           8. Tenderly
Prepositions                               P. 118
   a word that shows the relationship of a noun or
        pronoun to another word in a sentence.
• Prepositional phrase
is a group of words in a sentence that begins with a
preposition and ends with a noun or a pronoun called
object of the preposition.
• EXAMPLE: The diamonds in the vault are priceless.
   The telephone rang four times during dinner.
  Here is a gift for you.
Commonly used prepositions:
     *Check your handout and your book! (P. 118-119)
 Compound Prepositions:
               according to      because of          instead of
                ahead of        by means of            next to
                along with       except for         on account of
                part from       in addition to        on top of
                aside from       in front of           out of
                  as to          in spite of          owing to

 *Some prepositions can be used as adverbs
      USED AS PREPOSITIONS                             USED AS ADVERBS
I left my boots outside the back door.           I left my boots outside.
The speech was over my head.                     The speech was over.
Everyone came aboard the boat.                   Everyone came aboard.
PRACTICE: Underline each preposition and draw a circle around
the object of the preposition. (P. 120)
1. There is a large group of people playing a baseball game over
   that hill.
2. Grizzly bears are commonly found in North America.
3. It started to rain during the third inning.
4. They decided to have their picnic beside the creek.
5. Over the river and through the woods was the way to
   Grandma’s condominium.
6. After the movie, Nicole walked Adriel home.
7. Chicago is the largest city in the Midwest, but it is not the
   capital of Illinois.
8. Thomas Edison was a collector of birds, owning 5,000 at one
   time.
9. During the American Revolution, many brides wore red, a sign
   of rebellion.
10. The first Cadillac was sold for $750.
adverbs, prepositions, conjunctions, interjections, and post-test
A word that joins single words or group of
words.
• Coordinating conjunctions:
    Joins single words or groups of words that
    have equal grammatical weight in a
    sentence.
EXAMPLE:
  -One and six are seven.
   (nouns)
  -Let’s put it on the TV or on the table.
    (prepositional phrases)
  -I wanted a new sun hat, so I bought one.
    (two complete thoughts)
• Correlative conjunctions: work in pairs to join words and groups of
  words. Gives us a clearer information than coordinating conjunctions.
   • EXAMPLE:
   coordinating conjunctions        correlative conjunctions
   He and I were there.             Both he and I were there.

   Other examples of correlative conjunctions:
   -I not only scrubbed but also waxed the floor.
   -Either she will sew new curtains, or I will put up the old blinds.
__________________________________________________________
• Subordinating conjunctions: joins an independent clause (complete
  sentence) with a dependent clause (incomplete sentence).
   • EXAMPLE:
  -We can skate on the pond when the ice is sticker.
  -We can’t skate until the ice is ticker.
adverbs, prepositions, conjunctions, interjections, and post-test
Interjections                                            P. 125
a word or phrase that expresses emotion or exclamation. It has
no grammatical connections with other words.

PRACTICE: Identify the interjections.
1. Mrs. Howell stopped and cried out, “Oh, my! Those
   flowers in the back garden are breathtakingly
   beautiful.”
2. “Yikes!” said Dena with a shudder as she hopped
   backwards. “That anaconda is the biggest snake I’ve
   ever seen outside a book.
3. “I dropped my wallet in the park,” said Frida. “But
   someone returned it, thank goodness!”
POSTEST: Identify the parts of speech.
10- P. 128
11- P. 129
12- P. 129
P. 126
Write two sentences with each word as two different parts of speech.
You will write a total of twenty sentences. Circle the word and identify
the part of speech you are using.
Example: block
          Walk the dog around the block. NOUN
           Block that play! VERB
1. bowl
2. dance
3. past
4. record
5. another
6. fly
7. frame
8. light
9. so
10. that

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adverbs, prepositions, conjunctions, interjections, and post-test

  • 1. Adverbs P.114-115 A word that modifies a verb, an adjective, or another, adverb by making its meaning more specific. EXAMPLES: modifying adjectives The movie was very scary. modifying verbs Never swim alone. modifying adverbs She almost always waited quite patiently. They modify by answering these questions. • When I change the schedule again. • Where  Leave your coat there. • How He stacked the books quickly and neatly. • To what degree We were very sorry.
  • 2. Every word ending in --ly is an adverb.
  • 3. P. 116 PRACTICE: Identify the adverb and tell whether the word it modifies is a verb, an adjective, or another adverb. 1. The sound he made as he slept was barely noticeable. 2. The dog bit the man unintentionally. 3. Rachel ran out of the burning building quickly. 4. Luis hardly knew her own sister, who had been at boarding school for four years. 5. Everyone I know thought the movie was terribly boring and almost too long to bear. 6. The people of Sweden are frequently blonde. 7. The lion tamers approached the escaped lioness very carefully. 8. I will gladly help you with your English homework. 9. Fearfully, Nayda turned to see if anyone was behind her. 10. He stumbled sleepily across the floor and reached for the coffee thirstily.
  • 4. Different forms of adverbs that indicate their degree of comparison. POSITIVE COMPARATIVE SUPERLATIVE Does not compare Compares two Compares more actions than two actions Runs fast Runs faster Runs fastest Pays soon Pays sooner Pays soonest Works hard Works harder Works hardest *For most adverbs that end in –ly or have more than one syllable use the word more to form the comparative and most to form the superlative. POSITIVE COMPARATIVE SUPERLATIVE Eats healthfully Eats more healthfully Eats most healthfully Checks often Checks more often Checks most often Snores loudly Snores more loudly Snores most loudly
  • 5. Irregular forms POSITIVE COMPARATIVE SUPERLATIVE Swims well Swims better Swims best Dives badly Dives worse Dives worst Cares little Cares less Cares least Sees far Sees farther Sees farthest Researches far Researches further Researches furthest PRACTICE: Write the comparative and superlative forms of each adverb. Consult a dictionary if necessary. 1. Seriously 5. Late 9. Badly 2. Quietly 6. Well 10. Clumsily 3. Near 7. Quick 4. Sincerely 8. Tenderly
  • 6. Prepositions P. 118  a word that shows the relationship of a noun or pronoun to another word in a sentence. • Prepositional phrase is a group of words in a sentence that begins with a preposition and ends with a noun or a pronoun called object of the preposition. • EXAMPLE: The diamonds in the vault are priceless. The telephone rang four times during dinner. Here is a gift for you.
  • 7. Commonly used prepositions: *Check your handout and your book! (P. 118-119) Compound Prepositions: according to because of instead of ahead of by means of next to along with except for on account of part from in addition to on top of aside from in front of out of as to in spite of owing to *Some prepositions can be used as adverbs USED AS PREPOSITIONS USED AS ADVERBS I left my boots outside the back door. I left my boots outside. The speech was over my head. The speech was over. Everyone came aboard the boat. Everyone came aboard.
  • 8. PRACTICE: Underline each preposition and draw a circle around the object of the preposition. (P. 120) 1. There is a large group of people playing a baseball game over that hill. 2. Grizzly bears are commonly found in North America. 3. It started to rain during the third inning. 4. They decided to have their picnic beside the creek. 5. Over the river and through the woods was the way to Grandma’s condominium. 6. After the movie, Nicole walked Adriel home. 7. Chicago is the largest city in the Midwest, but it is not the capital of Illinois. 8. Thomas Edison was a collector of birds, owning 5,000 at one time. 9. During the American Revolution, many brides wore red, a sign of rebellion. 10. The first Cadillac was sold for $750.
  • 10. A word that joins single words or group of words. • Coordinating conjunctions: Joins single words or groups of words that have equal grammatical weight in a sentence. EXAMPLE: -One and six are seven. (nouns) -Let’s put it on the TV or on the table. (prepositional phrases) -I wanted a new sun hat, so I bought one. (two complete thoughts)
  • 11. • Correlative conjunctions: work in pairs to join words and groups of words. Gives us a clearer information than coordinating conjunctions. • EXAMPLE: coordinating conjunctions correlative conjunctions He and I were there. Both he and I were there. Other examples of correlative conjunctions: -I not only scrubbed but also waxed the floor. -Either she will sew new curtains, or I will put up the old blinds. __________________________________________________________ • Subordinating conjunctions: joins an independent clause (complete sentence) with a dependent clause (incomplete sentence). • EXAMPLE: -We can skate on the pond when the ice is sticker. -We can’t skate until the ice is ticker.
  • 13. Interjections P. 125 a word or phrase that expresses emotion or exclamation. It has no grammatical connections with other words. PRACTICE: Identify the interjections. 1. Mrs. Howell stopped and cried out, “Oh, my! Those flowers in the back garden are breathtakingly beautiful.” 2. “Yikes!” said Dena with a shudder as she hopped backwards. “That anaconda is the biggest snake I’ve ever seen outside a book. 3. “I dropped my wallet in the park,” said Frida. “But someone returned it, thank goodness!”
  • 14. POSTEST: Identify the parts of speech. 10- P. 128 11- P. 129 12- P. 129
  • 15. P. 126 Write two sentences with each word as two different parts of speech. You will write a total of twenty sentences. Circle the word and identify the part of speech you are using. Example: block Walk the dog around the block. NOUN Block that play! VERB 1. bowl 2. dance 3. past 4. record 5. another 6. fly 7. frame 8. light 9. so 10. that