1.
Submitted by:
Kapil Kumar Verma (9911102368)

2.
 Many people die every year due to heart attack. But the shocking fact is that most of who die is
not of heart attack but due to lack of medical help.
 Yes, if a person gets proper treatment within time they can be saved. But among all patients not
everyone is lucky and die due to lack of treatment, because no one was near when they had attack
they died without being noticed.
 This inspired us to make a device which can lower the death rate due to heart attack to save
people. And make the device as cheap as possible that even a middle class person can afford &
buy this device for themselves and their parents without any hesitation.

3.
Figure 1 : Heart Attack Stats

4.
 More than 2 million people are at high risk of having heart attack.
 It would be helpful if there was a way for these people to monitor
their heart. Treatment works best when it is given right after
symptoms occur.
 So we have a problem ! That is the way, our project focuses on
this problem and find a solution.

5.
Measurable Symptoms
Blood Pressure
Pulse Rate
Figure 2 :
Symptoms

6.
Figure 3 : Heart rate Stats

7.
 Our project is based on the Pulse Oximetry Logic.
 It is the process of optically estimating the volumetric measurement of the organ. When
the heart expands (diastole) the volume of blood inside the fingertip increases and when
the heart contracts (systole) the volume of blood inside the fingertip decreases.
 The resultant pulsing of blood volume inside the fingertip is directly proportional to the
heart rate and if we could somehow count the number of pulses in one minute, that’s the
heart rate in beats per minute (bpm).

8.
Heart Expand Heart Contracts
Figure 4 : Pulse detection logic

9.
Figure 5 : Atmega8 Figure 6 : LM 324
Figure 7 : IR Module Figure 8 : GSM MODULE
• Microcontroller (Atmega8)
• LM 324
• IR Module
• VHF Transreciever Kit
• GSM Module

10.
 The sensor unit consists of an infrared light emitting-diode (IR LED)
and a photo diode, placed side by side, and the fingertip is placed over
the sensor assembly, as shown below.
 The IR LED transmits an infrared light into the fingertip, a part of which
is reflected back from the blood inside the finger arteries. The photo
diode senses the portion of the light that is reflected back.
 The intensity of reflected light depends upon the blood volume inside
the fingertip. The blood flow causes variation in light of the bulb that is
falling on the LDR and so it’s resistance changes accordingly.
 These variations of resistances causes current passing to the circuit via
LDR to change .So, every time the heart beats the amount of reflected
infrared light changes, which can be detected by the photo diode. With
a high gain amplifier, this little alteration in the amplitude of the
reflected light can be converted into a pulse.
Figure 9 : IR SENSOR

11.
Step 1 : Data (0/1) from finger mounted sensor. Each 1 is one pulse.
Step 2 : Pulse is taken for 15 sec and the number of pulse is multiplied
by 4 to get pulse rate.
Step 3 : Condition validation, if pulse less than 60 or more than 100.
Red glows if heart attack, green says taking reading and
yellow indicates normal pulse.
OR
MANUAL OVERRIDE : Pressing manual push button.
Step 4 : Alarming signal sent to local station which raises alarm.
Step 5 : Base station further send Alarming SMS to five pre-feeded
numbers in interval of 5 seconds, until one of them reply
via SMS or call. Figure 10 : Process

12.
PULSE
DETECTOR
OPAMP
+
LOW PASS
FILTER
MICRO-
CONTROLLER
TRANSMITTER
BASE STATION
RECIEVER
ALARMING
SYSTEM
Detects
pulse from
index finger.
Amplify input
& remove
noise.
Check
condition of
heart attack.
Transmits the
alarming
signal.
Detects the
alarming signal
from device.
Raise local
alarm & sends
Alarming SMS.
Figure 11 : Block Diagram

13.
8051
LM
324n
Heart Attack
Normal Rate
Measuring
Power Bank
FM
Transmitter
FM Receiver
&
GSM
transmitter Made
by kkv
Figure 12 : Process

14.
.
Figure 13 : Circuit Dig.
680k

15.
• Reducing size
• Converting hand gloves to wrist band.
• Adding GSM module for a global alert.
• Increasing battery back-up.

16.
 GSM (Global System for Mobile) / GPRS (General Packet
Radio Service) TTL-Modem is SIM900 Quad-band GSM /
GPRS device, works on frequencies 850 MHZ, 900 MHZ, 1800
MHZ and 1900 MHZ. It is very compact in size and easy to use
as plug in GSM Modem. The Modem is 5VDC TTL interfacing
circuitry, which allows User to directly interface with 5V
Microcontrollers
 Mobile communication is an emerging technology these days.
GSM is the acronym for Global System for Mobile
Communication.
 GSM module is wireless modem that transmits data using radio
waves. GSM architecture is similar to the mobile architecture.
 GSM modems are generally used in many electronic
applications and they are required to interface with the
microcontrollers.
Figure 14 : GSM Module

17.
 Quad Band GSM/GPRS : 850 / 900 / 1800 / 1900 MHz
 Built in RS232 to TTL or vice versa Logic Converter (MAX232)
 Configurable Baud Rate
 Built in SIM (Subscriber Identity Module) Card holder
 Built in Network Status LED · Inbuilt Powerful TCP / IP (Transfer Control Protocol /
Internet Protocol) stack for internet data transfer through GPRS (General Packet Radio
Service)
 Audio Interface Connectors (Audio in and Audio out)
 Most Status and Controlling pins are available
 Normal Operation Temperature : -20 °C to +55 °C
 Input Voltage : 5V to 12V DC
Figure 15 : GSM Module
Structure

18.
The circuit of interfacing GSM to AT89C51 microcontroller
mainly consists of GSM modem and 8051 family
microcontroller. GSM has RS232 interface for serial
communication. In between the GSM module and the
microcontroller MAX232 IC is connected.
Figure 16 : Interfacing

19.
MAX232 IC is used for converting the logic levels. RS232 logic
levels of GSM are converted to the TTL logic levels of the
microcontroller using this MAX232 IC. This is a dual driver IC
as it has two transmitters and receivers.
The transmitter pin T1IN of max232 is connected to the
transmitter pin of the microcontroller. The receiver pin R1out of
the max232 is connected to the receiver pin of the
microcontroller.
The T1out pin of the IC is connected to the transmitter pin of
the GSM modem. The R1IN pin of the IC is connected to the
receiver pin of the GSM modem..Figure 17 : Max 232

20.
•We are reducing the size of our product
•Displaying battery level.
•Displaying heart rate at LCD panel.
•Connecting the product with android app
•Extending the battery life from a week to month
i.e replacing the battery despite increasing the cost.

21.
[1] Szakacs-Simon, P.; Moraru, S.A.; Perniu, L., "Pulse oximeter based monitoring system for people at risk," Computational
Intelligence and Informatics (
CINTI), 2012 IEEE 13th International Symposium on , vol., no., pp.415,419, 20-22 Nov. 2012
doi: 10.1109/CINTI.2012.6496802
keywords: {Bluetooth;blood;cardiology;health care;microcontrollers;mobile computing;patient care;patient diagnosis;patient
monitoring; power aware computing; Bluetooth network; blood oxygen level;emergency medical care;emergency situations;
emotional affecting activities;hardware structure;health condition;heart rate analysis;microcontroller based health monitoring
system; mobile monitoring; monitoring scene;oxygen saturation level;patient informing;patient treatment; personal computer;
power consumption;pulse oximeter based monitoring system;pulse saturation level;software structure;wireless network},
URL: http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=6496802&isnumber=6496727
[2] Google Images
[3] Engineersgarage.com
[4] 8051 Microcontroller - Mazidi
[5] Times of India Article First 60 mins of suffering heart attack, crucial, Mumbai Mirror | Jun 22, 2010, 12.00AM IST
URL : http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/life-style/health-fitness/health-news/First-60-mins-of-suffering-heart-attack-crucial/articleshow/6074110.cms
[6] Heat-dissipating Light Fixture for Use with Tungsten-halogen Lamps. Allen R. Groh, assignee. Patent 4780799. 25 Oct. 1988. Print.

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