A brief background of the political setting of Indonesia

1. Political Setting:
Indonesia
Reported by:
Reynalyn Callao
(Crim. 2-A, Group 3)

2. Political Setting:
Indonesia
• Indonesia is a constitutional
republic with an elected
president, an elected legislature,
and an appointed judiciary. The
government operates under a
1945 constitution, which was
replaced in 1950 but then

3. Political Setting:
Indonesia
reinstated in 1959. The 1945
constitution is based on the
doctrine of Pancasila (Sanskrit
for “five principles”), defined in
the constitution as “a belief in
the one supreme god; just and

4. Political Setting:
Indonesia
civilized humanity; the unity of
Indonesia; democracy guided by
the inner wisdom of
deliberations among
representatives; social justice for
all the Indonesian people.”

5. Political Setting:
Indonesia
A. Executive
Under the 1945 constitution the
president is both head of
government and head of state.
The president is elected to serve a
five-year term and may be
reelected once. The constitution
grants the president wide powers,

6. Political Setting:
Indonesia
including the power to rule by
decree in emergencies. However,
the president may not freeze or
dissolve the legislature. The
president is responsible for
appointing a cabinet to carry out
the administrative duties of the

7. Political Setting:
Indonesia
government. Cabinet ministers
are typically chosen from the
military or the ministries.

8. Political Setting:
Indonesia
B. Legislature
The national legislature is the
People’s Consultative Assembly
(Majelis Permusyawaratan
Rakyat, or MPR). The MPR has
two chambers: the House of

9. Political Setting:
Indonesia
Representatives (Dewan
Perwakilan Rakyat, or DPR) and
and the Regional
Representatives Council (Dewan
Perwakilan Daerah, or DPD).

10. Political Setting:
Indonesia
The members of both chambers
are directly elected to serve five-
year terms. The DPR has 550
members. The number of
members in the DPD may not
exceed one-third the number in
the DPR; as of 2004, the DPD had

11. Political Setting:
Indonesia
128 members. Each province has
an equal number of
representatives in the DPD. The
constitutional amendments that
went into effect in 2004 created
the DPD as a new chamber
representing Indonesia’s

12. Political Setting:
Indonesia
provinces. Previously, the MPR
was a unicameral body that
included 200 members
appointed by the president to
represent regional and various
other interests, including the
country’s armed forces.

13. Political Setting:
Indonesia
The DPR and DPD each meet at
least once a year. The DPR is the
more powerful chamber. It
approves all laws and has the
right to submit draft bills for
approval by the president.

14. Political Setting:
Indonesia
The authority of the DPD is
limited to regional issues. It may
propose to the DPR bills relating
to the relationship between
national and regional
government.

15. Political Setting:
Indonesia
The two chambers convene
together as the MPR at least
once every five years to
determine the broad guidelines
of government policy. The MPR
also inaugurates the president
and vice president, who are

16. Political Setting:
Indonesia
responsible for carrying out that
policy. (Prior to the 2004
elections, the MPR had also
appointed the president and vice
president.) The MPR has the
power to impeach the president.

17. Political Setting:
Indonesia
C. Judiciary
The judiciary is made up of many
district courts, several courts of
appeals, and the Supreme Court
(Mahkamah Agung), which is the
final court of appeal and sits in
Jakarta. The Supreme Court was

18. Political Setting:
Indonesia
restructured in 1968 to conform
with the 1945 constitution. It is
made up of 51 members,
nominated by the DPR and
appointed by the president.
Appeals are heard by high courts
located in 14 major cities.

19. Political Setting:
Indonesia
Below the appellate courts are
the district courts that try civil
and criminal cases.
Criminal cases are tried under a
unified code, but civil cases are
tried under an uncodified,
customary law known as adat.

20. Political Setting:
Indonesia
Under adat law, crimes against
individuals are seen as crimes
against the whole community.
Westerners and Asians of foreign
origin or ancestry are tried under
a system based on continental
European civil codes.

21. Political Setting:
Indonesia
D. Local Government
For purposes of local
government, Indonesia is divided
into 32 provinces. Most
provinces are headed by
governors who are appointed by
the president with the advice of

22. Political Setting:
Indonesia
the minister for home affairs and
the provincial parliaments.
However, the province of Aceh
directly elects its governor and
deputy governor under the
provisions of a peace agreement
reached in 2005 between Aceh
.

23. Political Setting:
Indonesia
secessionists and the Indonesian
government. Provinces are
further divided into regencies
(kabupaten) and cities
(kotamadya), each having a
mayor and locally elected
legislature.

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Indonesia
Source:
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25. Political Setting:
Indonesia
Terima Kasih!!!

26. Political Setting
as we
Understanding

27. Political-Security
Community
for
establish a

30. Republic of the Philippines
CAPIZ STATE UNIVERSITY
Dumarao Satellite College, Dumarao, Capiz
Theme: “Understanding Better the Political, Economic &
Socio-Cultural Setting of Southeast Asian Nations for
Peace, Prosperity & People”
March 09, 2015 (8:00-11:30 am)
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