2. CHAPTER 3: ORGANIZATIONAL
BEHAVIOR AND CULTURE
OBJECTIVE:
TO EXPLAIN THE COMPLEX INTERACTIONS AMONG
PEOPLE IN A SOCIAL SYSTEM- THE BEHAVIOR OF THE
INDIVIDUAL AND HIS RELATION TO ANY OTHER
INDIVIDUAL, SINCE ALL PARTS OF A SYSTEM AFFECTS ALL
PARTS, EVEN THOUGH ITS IMPACT MAY BE SLIGTH.
3.
4. Organizational Behavior Definitions
“ A field of study that investigates the impact of individuals, groups and structures
on behavior within organizations for the purpose of applying such knowledge
towards improving an Organization’s effectiveness.
- Stephen P. Robbins ”
“ Organizational Behavior can be defined as the understanding; prediction and
management of the human behavior affect the performance of the organizations.
- Luthans”
“The study and application of knowledge how people act or behave within
organization. It is a human tool for human benefit. It applies broadly to the
behavior of people in all types of organizations such as business, government,
school and services organizations.
- Davis and Newstrom”
5. SOCIAL SYSTEM and HUMAN BEHAVIOR complement each
other. When people join a work group, they become part of
the organizations social system. It is the medium by which
they relate themselves to the world of work.
A SOCIAL SYSTEM is a complex set of human relations
interacting in various ways. Each small group
constitutes a subsystem even a much larger group until
all the people in the world are included. In a single
organization, the social system includes all the people
in it and their relationships to one another and to the
bigger outside world.
6.
7. Equilibrium in the Social System
A social system is a state of equilibrium when all the variables in
an organizational system operate in a dynamic working balance
with its interdependent parts.
When minor changes occur, in a social system usually they are
absorbed by adjustments sub-system within the system which
eventually regains its equilibrium state.
When an organization is in disequilibrium, its subpart are not
working in harmony. It is important that the entire system and
its sub-system work together as one.
8. Culture and organizational development
One definition of Culture is by Taylor, an English Anthropologist, who
defined culture as a complex whole which includes knowledge, beliefs,
law, art, morals, customs and other capabilities and habits acquired by
man as a member of society. It is a man’s social heritage which has been
transmitted from to do, what not to do and how to do things.
Culture has a basic manifestation which may be present everywhere. It
starts to develop as a man lives and interacts with others.
As an organization becomes more established, its organizational culture
becomes more developed and stable.
9.
10. Characteristics of Organizational Culture
1. Socialization of Workers
Socialization has been defined as the process whereby
the individual is converted into the person. As a process, the
individual learns to conform with the norms of his social
group acquires a status and plays corresponding role.
2. Values and Social responsibility
Values are the expressions of ultimate goal, or purpose of
social action: these involve the quality of power of
expressing one’s attitude and emotion towards thing.
11. Characteristics of Organizational Culture
3. Philippine Value System and Social acceptance
Filipinos attach a great value to “Pakikisama” or smooth interpersonal
relations (SIR). Persons resort to SIR patterns by using polite language,
soft voice, and persuasive and gentle manners to avoid open
disagreement with others even under difficult circumstances. These are
three ways of training SIR.
4. Social Culture Values
Over the years, the culture of many Western countries has
emphasized the importance of work as an effort directed to produce or
accomplish something as a desirable and fulfilling activity.
12. Characteristics of Organizational Culture
5. Cultural Adaptation
An expatriate manager usually meets several obstacles is to
smooth adaptation to a new culture. To overcome such obstacles
is to acquire cultural awareness. Culture differs in terms of
language, religion, food, personal orientation, social behavior and
other customs and tradition of the place.
