Intbus 705 Assessment - Maori Entrepreneurship (Written report by Jess Maher)

INTBUS705 Assessment One – Jessica Maher [ARTICLE SUMMARY] Tapsell, P., & Woods, C., (2008), Potikitanga: Indigenous Entrepreneurship in a Maori Context, Journal of Enterprising Communities: People and Places in the Global Community, 2(3) Tapsell & Woods (2008) take more in depth considerations of the “cultural genealogical setting” for indigenous entrepreneurs, emphasizing the need to encourage and develop kin-accountability beyond current socioeconomic entrepreneurial thinking (p192). Using the metaphor of “Mauipreneur” which is an existing model of explaining indigenous entrepreneurship, used to foster and encourage entrepreneurship in Maori communities (p195). Tapsell & Woods (2008) state very early that it is not the aim of this article to join the debate around definitions of indigenous entrepreneurship; instead they draw on accepted definitions that are relevant and applicable in a Maori context (p193). While traditional models of entrepreneurship characteristically have a lack of consideration for the community / tribal / collective notions of indigenous entrepreneurship – by contemporary definitions it is accepted that indigenous entrepreneurship speaks to both social and economic entrepreneurial activity. Tapsell & Woods (2008) complement this by acknowledging the need for opportunity driven action by individuals within a collective setting (p195). The genealogical matrix of group accountability guides opportunity recognition and traditionally, aligning members with threats that by acting outside, the risk being ostracized by the community is significant. It stands to reason that such conceptualizations follow the foundations laid by Kirzner (1973), upon which, later discourse analysis has been drawn. The effects and impacts sociologically of colonization have been recognized and accepted in current contexts. Traditionally, the Maori kinship approach to development was primarily collective in nature. The influence and impact of the single minded focus of early colonizers has acted as a catalyst for the spiritual divorce and alienation of a new generation of Maori entrepreneurs. The fight to “maintain and leverage kinship identity in order to reverse colonization” is over 100 years old, however its relevance has grown as the urbanization of Maori youth continues. In order to create legitimate benefit from entrepreneurial activity within Maori society, the colonially based values and models need to integrate the genealogical aspects and rebalance value perceptions, in order to inspire a new generation of Maori entrepreneurs. The article features three parts; - (1) “definitional and historical backgrounds”, (2) the “Mauipreneur” model, (3) and finally “the more kin-inclusive potiki:rangatira dynamic”. Please see table one for more of a complete overview of these. This provides a strong and clear overview of defining characteristics from both settings (being Maoridom and entrepreneurship). Overlapping and aligning divergent cultural values appear to be crucial for further understanding and encouragement within increasingly alienated Maori youth. This model is particularly useful and relevant for indigenous entrepreneurship within wider contexts, providing a model to aid understanding in varying cultures and novel situations. Being New Zealand’s indigenous population, Maori have a particularly important role in our economy. This is particularly relevant on an international scale as Maori have a uniquely empowered role in our society, yet still struggle with impoverishment common to many indigenous people around the world. “Marae, once at the heart of kin power over surrounding resources, began reflecting the poverty of communities alienated from their estates.” (p198). A representative case for western markets, New Zealand features the colonially based nature to our interpretations of value which have fundamentally created tension and impact for indigenous communities. Considering the Maori context for such reasons, plays an important role in further developing understandings of indigenous entrepreneurship. Main Assessment Questions;a) Core contribution to field.b) Historic / contemporary contextc) Important characteristicsd) Overall qualitye) Relevance to weeks topic Table One ,[object Object],Directly addressing the assessment questions outlined by assessment notes for INTBUS705, Advanced Entrepreneurship Figure One Overview of the important characteristics Reference also made to; Keelan, J. and Woods, C.R. (2006), “Mauipreneur: understanding Maori entrepreneurship, International Indigeneous Journal of Entrepreneurship 2 (pp1-20); Kirzner, I.M. (1973), Competition and Entrepreneurship; Foley (2008) Does culture and social capital impact on networking attributes of indigenous entrepreneurs?;Tapsell, P. (1995), “Comets and Whakapapa: a study of tribal taonga through the eyes of Te Arawa” [unpublished];Kawharu, M. (2000), “Kaitiakitanga: a Maori anthropological perspective of the Maori socio-environmental ethic of resource management”

Intbus 705 Assessment - Maori Entrepreneurship (Written report by Jess Maher)

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Intbus 705 Assessment - Maori Entrepreneurship (Written report by Jess Maher)