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Cloud Computing
Building a Framework for Successful transition
Contents
Executive Summary                    2
Defining Cloud Computing             3
The Five Essential Characteristics   3
The Three Service Models             3
The Four Deployment Models           4
The Benefits of Cloud Computing      4
Issues and Risks                     4
Cloud Computing Maturity Model       5
    Step 1: Consolidation            5
    Step 2: Virtualization           5
    Step 3: Automation               6
    Step 4: Utility                  7
    Step 5: Cloud                    7
GTSI Delivers on Cloud Computing     7
Transforming Government              8
Conclusion                           8
References
Supplemental Material
About the Authors
2   GTSI Solutions / White Paper / Cloud Computing




                                                               Executive Summary
                                                               Cloud computing, with the revolutionary promise of computing
                                                               as a utility, has the potential to transform how IT services are
                                                               delivered and managed. Yet, despite its great promise, even the
                                                               most seasoned professionals know little about cloud computing
                                                               or how to define it. A recent study revealed that 41% of senior IT
                                                               professionals admit that they “don’t know” what cloud comput-
                                                               ing is. This research follows a similar survey highlighting that
                                                               two-thirds of senior finance professionals are confused about
                                                               cloud computing (Version One, 2009).

                                                               But as more players enter the market, as    resources only when there is an increase
                                                               proven use drives up the acceptance of      in their needs. Moreover, cloud computing
                                                               the cloud computing model -- and budget     provides the ability to pay for use of com-
                                                               constraints force it departments to         puting resources on a short-term basis
                                                               look for savings wherever possible -- the   as needed (e.g., processors by the hour
                                                               demand for cloud computing solutions is     and storage by the day) and release them
                                                               expected to grow exponentially. according   as needed (Berkeley, 2009).
                                                               to inPut, estimates are that by FY2013
                                                               federal, state, and local government        as for the bottom line, cloud computing
                                                               spending on cloud computing will reach      enables governments to lower the expense
                                                               $800 million (inPut, 2009).                 of existing it services and to cost-effectively
                                                                                                           introduce enhanced services. Moreover,
                                                               the reasons for the increasing interest     government agencies not only benefit
                                                               among government agencies are myriad.       from increased productivity engendered
                                                               to begin, cloud computing offers an         by cloud computing, but citizens as well
                                                               entirely new way of looking at it infra-    benefit from the more efficient use of tax
                                                               structure. From a hardware point of view,   dollars (inPut, 2009). Costs associated with
       “The Federal Government will                            cloud computing offers seemingly never-     it operations in many cases decrease
       transform its IT infrastructure by                      ending computing resources available on     significantly, because services can be
       virtualizing data centers, consoli-                     demand, thereby eliminating the need        purchased on-demand. Finally, administra-
       dating data centers and operations,                     to budget for hardware that may only be     tive time spent attending to the needs of
       and ultimately adopting a cloud                         used in high peak timeframes. Cloud         the it infrastructure can be reduced, with
       computing business model.”                              computing eliminates an up-front commit-    personnel freed to devote more time to
                                                               ment by users, thereby allowing agencies    an agency’s core mission objectives.
                                                 (GSa, 2009)   to start small and increase hardware
GTSI Solutions / White Paper / Cloud Computing                   3




                                                                                                                      Cloud Computing Framework


Defining Cloud Computing                       promote use by heterogeneous thin                Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)




                                                                                                                                                   Soa Provides integration
                                               or thick client platforms (e.g., mobile          Storage
the national institute of Standards and        phones, laptops, and PDas).                      Computing
technology’s (niSt) information technology                                                      Software as a Service (SaaS)
laboratory recognizes that cloud computing     Resource Pooling. the provider’s comput-
                                                                                                Web applications
is an “evolving paradigm.” as such, its        ing resources are pooled to serve multiple       Middleware
definition, attributes, and characteristics    consumers using a multi-tenant model             System Software
are still being debated by the public and      with different physical and virtual resources
                                                                                                Platform as a Service (PaaS)
private sectors, and are certain to continue   dynamically assigned and reassigned
to evolve in the near future. nevertheless,    according to consumer demand. there is           application Development
initial steps have been taken toward con-      a sense of location independence in that
structing a universally accepted explanation   the customer generally has no control                                                     (INPUT, 2009)
of cloud computing’s key characteristics,      or knowledge over the exact location of
as well as definitions for the various         the provided resources but may be able
deployment and service models. these           to specify location at a higher level of
definitions have been widely reported but      abstraction (e.g., country, state, or data
are worth repeating, particularly in a field   center). examples of resources include
that is still rapidly developing.              storage, processing, memory, network
                                               bandwidth, and virtual machines.
According to NIST:
Cloud computing is a model for enabling        Rapid Elasticity. Capabilities can be rapidly   computing resources where the consumer
convenient, on-demand network access           and elastically provisioned, in some            is able to deploy and run arbitrary
to a shared pool of configurable computing     cases automatically, to quickly scale out,      software, which can include operating
resources (e.g., networks, servers, storage,   and rapidly released to quickly scale in.       systems and applications. the consumer
applications, and services) that can be        to the consumer, the capabilities avail-        does not manage or control the underly-
rapidly provisioned and released with          able for provisioning often appear to be        ing cloud infrastructure but has control
minimal management effort or service           unlimited and can be purchased in any           over operating systems, storage, deployed
provider interaction.                          quantity at any time.                           applications, and possibly limited control
                                                                                               of select networking components (e.g.,
this cloud model promotes availability         Measured Service. Cloud systems auto-           host firewalls).
and is composed of five essential charac-      matically control and optimize resource
teristics, three service models, and four      use by leveraging a metering capability         Cloud Software as a Service (SaaS).
deployment models.                             at some level of abstraction appropriate        the capability provided to the consumer
                                               to the type of service (e.g., storage,          is to use the provider’s applications
The Five Essential Characteristics             processing, bandwidth, and active user          running on a cloud infrastructure. the
                                               accounts). resource usage can be moni-          applications are accessible from various
On-demand Self Service. a consumer can         tored, controlled, and reported providing       client devices through a thin client inter-
unilaterally provision computing capabili-     transparency for both the provider and          face such as a web browser (e.g., web-
ties, such as server time and network          consumer of the utilized service.               based email). the consumer does not
storage, as needed automatically without                                                       manage or control the underlying cloud
requiring human interaction with each          The Three Service Models                        infrastructure including network, servers,
service’s provider.                                                                            operating systems, storage, or even
                                               Cloud Infrastructure as a Service               individual application capabilities, with
Broad Network Access. Capabilities are         (IaaS). the capability provided to the          the possible exception of limited user-
available over the network and accessed        consumer is to provision processing,            specific application configuration settings.
through standard mechanisms that               storage, networks, and other fundamental
4   GTSI Solutions / White Paper / Cloud Computing




                                                              Public Cloud. the cloud infrastructure is      ently without the necessity of making
       Motivators for Implementing a                          made available to the general public or a      major capital investments. Capacity can
       Cloud Computing Solution:                              large industry group and is owned by an        be added as resources are needed and
                                                              organization selling cloud services.           completed in a very short period of time.
       • increase capacity cost effectively                                                                  thus, agencies can avoid the latency,
       • reduce it operating costs                            Hybrid Cloud. the cloud infrastructure         expense, and risk of purchasing hard-
         and effort                                           is a composition of two or more clouds         ware and software that takes up data
       • reduce hardware infrastructure                       (private, community, or public) that           center space -- and can reduce the
         costs                                                remain unique entities but are bound           traditional time required to scale up an
       • access SaaS applications                             together by standardized or proprietary        application in support of the mission.
       • Free up it staff                                     technology that enables data and appli-        Cloud computing allows agencies to
                                                              cation portability (e.g., cloud bursting for   easily move in the other direction as
                                              (inPut, 2009)   load-balancing between clouds).                well, removing capacity, and thus expenses,
                                                                                                             as needed.
                                                              The Benefits of Cloud Computing
    Cloud Platform as a Service (PaaS).                                                                      Resource Maximization. Cloud comput-
    the capability provided to the consumer                   as cloud computing begins to take hold,        ing eases the burden on it resources
    is to deploy onto the cloud infrastructure                several major benefits have become evident:    already stretched thin, particularly
    consumer-created or acquired applications                                                                important for agencies facing shortages
    created using programming languages                       Costs. the cloud promises to reduce            of qualified it professionals.
    and tools supported by the provider.                      the cost of acquiring, delivering, and
    the consumer does not manage or                           maintaining computing power, a benefit         Collaboration. the cloud presents an
    control the underlying cloud infrastruc-                  of particular importance in times of           environment where users can develop
    ture including network, servers, operat-                  fiscal uncertainty. By enabling agencies       software-based services that enhances
    ing systems, or storage, but has control                  to purchase only the computing services        collaboration and fosters greater
    over the deployed applications and                        needed, instead of investing in com-           information sharing, not only within the
    possibly application hosting environment                  plex and expensive it infrastructures,         agency, but also among other govern-
    configurations.                                           agencies can drive down the costs of           ment and private entities.
                                                              developing, testing, and maintaining
    The Four Deployment Models                                new and existing systems.                      Customization. Cloud computing offers
                                                                                                             a platform of tremendous potential for
    Private Cloud. the cloud infrastructure                   Access. the cloud promises universal           creating and amending applications to
    is operated solely for an organization. it                access to high-powered computing and           address a diversity of tasks and chal-
    may be managed by the organization or                     storage resources for anyone with a net-       lenges. its inherent agility means that
    a third party and may exist on premise                    work access device. By providing such          specific processes can be easily altered
    or off premise.                                           capabilities, cloud computing helps to         to meet shifting agency needs, since
                                                              facilitate telework initiatives, as well as    those processes are typically change-
    Community Cloud. the cloud infrastruc-                    bolster an agency’s continuity of opera-       able by making a configuration change,
    ture is shared by several organizations                   tions (CooP) demands.                          and not by driving redevelopment from
    and supports a specific community that                                                                   the back-end systems (heyward and
    has shared concerns (e.g., mission,                       Scalability and Capacity. the cloud is         rayport, 2009).
    security requirements, policy, and compli-                an always-on computing resource that
    ance considerations). it may be managed                   enables users to tailor consumption to         Issues and Risks
    by the organizations or a third party and                 their specific needs. infinitely scalable,
    may exist on premise or off premise.                      cloud computing allows it infrastructures      one of the key issues in cloud comput-
                                                              to be expanded efficiently and expedi-         ing is the move towards a multi-sourced
GTSI Solutions / White Paper / Cloud Computing   5




it environment, where some services          to be implemented with the highest              Consolidation is achieved primarily
are provided in house, some from other       degree of security. indeed, any signifi-        through virtualization but can also be
government entities, and some from a         cant data breach will exacerbate already        approached by the use of denser
range of infrastructure, application, and    existing fears about whether data is            computing hardware or even high per-
process suppliers in the form of private,    indeed safe in the cloud.                       formance computing. By boosting the
public, community, or hybrid clouds.                                                         speed of critical processes and enabling
                                             to enable the cloud and fully realize its       greater flexibility, the consolidation of
any preparation for such transitioning       potential, certain fundamental elements         data centers and desktops allows agen-
requires a thorough review of an agency’s    must be addressed. to begin with, the           cies to do more with fewer resources –
it strategy in light of its mission needs.   cloud must function at levels equal to          a significant concern in today’s economic
Which fundamental capabilities need          or better than the current it systems           environment. Moreover, the shift to a
to stay in house as mission critical?        – and must deliver tangible savings and         unified fabric provides both physical and
Which are better suited for providers        benefits, including raising energy efficiency   virtual access to the storage area network
to deliver, and which lend themselves        and reducing environmental impact. users        (San), creating greater efficiency and
to the pay-per-use cloud approach?           must be assured of near-ubiquitous and          cost savings by allowing more storage
these considerations should be made          open access via the internet, and be            to be consolidated in the San.
in conjunction with the imperative to        able to move among the cloud platforms
consolidate, simplify, and optimize an       as needed – with the users’ rights to           network and application moderniza-
agency’s it environment, to reduce           the data clearly defined and protected.         tion is also an important initial step
operational costs and free up investment     above all, as previously stated, user           in enabling the transition to a cloud
for other mission-focused initiatives.       data must be secure at all times.               computing environment. a viable
                                                                                             alternative to replacing infrastructure
implementing a cloud computing iaaS          Cloud Computing Maturity Model                  components or rewriting critical applica-
model incurs different risks than manag-                                                     tions, modernization promotes com-
ing a dedicated agency data center.          the establishment of a cloud computing          munication between older systems and
risks associated with the implementa-        maturity model (CCMM) provides a frame-         newer solutions, all while preserving the
tion of such a new service delivery model    work for successful implementation. GtSi        value in existing it systems. Freed from
include policy changes, implementation of    recommends a phased approach to                 the bonds of a mainframe environment,
dynamic applications, and securing the       the CCMM, encompassing five key                 critical applications modernized through
dynamic environment. Most often, the         components:                                     a service-oriented architecture provide
mitigation plan for these risks depends      • Consolidation                                 agencies with the increased ability to
on assessing the it services needed to       • Virtualization                                leverage newer technologies.
support end users and how they will be       • automation
delivered, establishing proactive program    • utility                                       as for security concerns surrounding
management, and implementing industry        • Cloud                                         cloud computing, modernization actually
best practices and government policies                                                       works to enhance the security of sensitive
in the management of that program.           Step 1: Consolidation                           information stored on critical applica-
                                             an agency’s migration towards cloud             tions. When established properly, the
For cloud computing to be widely adopted,    computing begins with the consolida-            cloud platform provides security of all
assurances must be made that data            tion of server, storage, and network            data in motion, traveling between the
is not only always accessible, but also      resources, which works to reduce                cloud and the desktop, and all data at
totally secure. agencies will undoubtedly    redundancy, decrease wasted space,              rest in cloud storage.
need to actively put in place security       and increase equipment usage, all
measures that will allow dynamic             through the measured planning of both           Step 2: Virtualization
application use and information-sharing      architecture and process.                       Virtualization forms a solid foundation
                                                                                             for all cloud architectures. it enables
6   GTSI Solutions / White Paper / Cloud Computing




    Cloud Computing Maturity Model


                  Step 1                                        Step 2                       Step 3                       Step 4                       Step 5
               Consolidation                                Virtualization                 Automation                     Utility                      Cloud

      Consolidation                                  abstraction                    adaptive, Secure,           Self-Service & Metering      on-Demand & Scalable
      & Modernization                                & resource Pooling             & repeatable
      of resources
      Server Consolidation                           Server & Storage               Policy-Based Provisioning   Service Metrics & Metering   iaaS, SaaS, PaaS
                                                     Virtualization                 & Management

      tiered Storage                                 Desktop Virtualization         itil-Based repeatable       Service level agreements     Service-oriented
      Consolidation                                                                 Processes                   (Slas)                       architecture

      Consolidation of network                       Virtualized network            Multi-tier Security         incident response            inter-Cloud Federation
      Services                                       Services                                                   & audit

      Consolidation of Disparate                     application Virtualization     Multi-tier Data recovery    Continuous availability      integration of Web 2.0
      applications                                                                                              & Failover                   & Web Portals

                                                                                    Key Enabling Capabilities

      Consolidation                                  Virtualization                 itil Service Management     Dr & CooP                    Cloud internetworking

      Modernization                                  thin Client Computing          network Security            risk / Vulnerability         integration
                                                                                                                Management

      Power & Cooling                                Green it                       Data Center Security        Situational awareness        Provisioning

      high Performance                               Data Duplication               infrastructure Protection
      Computing



    the abstraction and aggregation of all                                 centers and networks. Moreover, through         through a transformative procedure, the
    data center resources, thereby creating                                consolidation – one of the critical ap-         infrastructure is automated, and critical
    a unified resource that can be shared                                  plications of virtualization – agencies         it processes become more dynamic
    by all application loads. hardware such                                can regain control of their distributed         -- and greater control is achieved by
    as servers, storage devices, and other                                 resources by creating shared pools of           trusted policies. With automation, data
    components are treated as a pool of                                    standardized resources that enable              centers can systematically remove
    resources rather than a discrete sys-                                  centralized management, speeding up             manual labor requirements for run-time
    tem, thereby allowing the allocation of                                service provisioning and reducing un-           operations. among the various forms
    resources on demand. By decoupling                                     planned down time. ultimately, the result       of automation in practice today, provi-
    the physical it infrastructure from the                                is increased use of assets and simpli-          sioning automation is perhaps the best
    applications and services being hosted,                                fied lifecycle management through the           known and most often implemented.
    virtualization allows greater efficiency                               mobility of applications and data.
    and flexibility, without any effect on                                                                                 rather than managing underlying
    system administration productivity or                                  although many agencies turn to virtual-         infrastructure, agencies in pursuit of
    tools and processes.                                                   ization to improve resource usage and           cloud computing need to move toward
                                                                           decrease both capital and operating costs,      managing service levels based on what
    By separating the workload from the                                    the ultimate goal in cloud computing is the     is appropriate for the application users,
    underlying oS and hardware, virtualiza-                                use of the abstraction between applica-         whether it’s minimum tolerable applica-
    tion allows extreme portability. When                                  tions and infrastructure to manage it as a      tion latency or the availability level of
    extended to every system component,                                    Service (iaaS) in a true cloud environment.     an application – whatever are deemed
    desktop, network, storage, and servers                                                                                 critical factors. in this regard, automation
    – it enables the mobility of applications                              Step 3: Automation                              becomes an essential element.
    and data, not only across servers and                                  in this stage, automation optimizes
    storage arrays, but also across data                                   an agency’s virtualized it resources.
GTSI Solutions / White Paper / Cloud Computing   7




With centralized it and self-service for         especially for information and services       a cloud computing platform is setting the
end users, automation helps agencies to          that might leave the data center. a private   stage for technological innovation – and
disentangle themselves from the burden           cloud utility model answers the question,     giving the government a leading role in
of repetitive management procedures,             by enabling agencies to retain the data       the cloud’s wider adoption. the vision of
all while enabling end users to quickly          within their network security while scaling   cloud computing could radically change the
access what they require. ultimately,            and expanding as user demands change,         structure of how government entities deliver
automation can help agencies to reduce           pooling it resources in a single operating    it services to their constituents, the data
their operating expenses by:                     system or management platform. as a           they make available, and the tools they use
• reallocating computing resources               result, anywhere from tens to thousands       to collaborate and solve problems.
    on-demand                                    of applications and services can be
• establishing run-time responses to             supported – and new architectures that        GtSi closely follows the five-step CCMM
    capacity demands                             target large-scale computing activities       described earlier to enable agencies to
• automating trouble-ticket responses            easily installed.                             migrate to a cloud environment. GtSi’s
    (or eliminating trouble tickets for                                                        cloud computing offering consists of it
    most automated response scenarios)           Step 5: Cloud                                 infrastructure and services that begin
• integrating system management and              through cloud internetworking federation,     with infrastructure consolidation and
    measurement                                  disparate cloud systems can be linked in      virtualization, then span to building the
                                                 such a way as to accommodate both the         cloud infrastructure and providing secure
Step 4: Utility                                  particular nature of cloud computing and      cloud hosting and lifecycle management
in addition to automation, both self-            the running of it workloads. this federa-     services that meet all federal security
service and metering -- feedback about           tion allows the sharing of a range of it      requirements. GtSi supports the cloud
the cost of the resources allocated -- are       resources and capabilities – including        infrastructure including the network,
necessary requirements in creating a             capacity, monitoring, and management –        storage, computing, platforms, database
cloud service. With breakthrough capa-           and the movement of application loads         and middleware, and cloud applications
bilities for end users and agencies, self-       between clouds. Moreover, since federa-       securely hosted and wrapped around
service and metering facilitate not only         tion can occur across data center and         GtSi’s unique technology lifecycle
better it management but the further             agency boundaries, it enables such            Management (tlM) methodology.
extension of the user experience.                processes as unified metering and billing
                                                 and one-stop self-service provisioning.       tlM represents a multi-phased approach
in the cloud, there is no intermediary                                                         that encompasses the planning, design,
between the user of a resource and the           With cloud computing, communication           acquisition, implementation, and manage-
processes for acquiring and allocating           increases significantly, as data sharing      ment of all elements comprising the it
resources for critical mission needs             between previously separate systems is        infrastructure. this model enables agencies
and initiatives. Since the user initiates        fully enabled – and collaboration within      to better align their mission objectives
the service requests, it becomes an on-          and between government agencies               with the technology, eliminate the burden
demand service and the costs of operation        grows exponentially. ultimately, rather       and costs of it asset ownership, and
drop significantly, because costs are            than each agency operating in isolation,      create a more predictable service delivery
incurred only when the service is used           constricted by the boundaries of its own      model for its users – allowing agencies to
and fewer dollars are spent attending to         data center, not only can services be         deliver it infrastructure as a Service (iaaS).
the needs of the infrastructure.                 shared among groups, but also costs
                                                 can be shared and lessened.                   GtSi’s tlM framework aligns with the
essential to it administration is the                                                          GtSi Cloud Computing Maturity Model
question of how to maintain service              GTSI Delivers on Cloud Computing              by delivering:
delivery in a fully virtualized, multi-tenancy                                                 • Multi-phased approach covering all it
environment while at the same time               Government’s current emphasis on optimiz-        infrastructure elements
providing the highest levels of security –       ing common services and solutions through
8   GTSI Solutions / White Paper / Cloud Computing




                                                                                     GTSI Cloud Computing Services


      Assessment                     • infrastructure readiness assessment                                           augmentation – the building blocks to
                                     • Business impact analysis of migration to cloud
                                     • high-level solution architecture                                              cloud computing. Whether it is server
                                                                                                                     and storage consolidation for nih, thin
      Design                         • Cloud migration strategy (consolidation, modernization, virtualization,
                                       power & cooling, security, compliance, Sla’s)                                 client (diskless) computing for the
                                     • Cloud architecture, design, and adoption roadmap                              Department of energy, server virtualiza-
      Deployment                     • implementation                                                                tion for the DhS Customs and Border
                                     • integration                                                                   Protection, or data center modernization
                                     • Pre-production testing & performance tuning
                                                                                                                     for army loGSa, these essential steps
      Management                     • itil-based governance for cloud operations, cloud management,                 toward the cloud have the potential to
                                       & support
                                     • training & knowledge transfer                                                 radically transform how government does
                                     • Staff augmentation                                                            business, both internally and externally.

                                                                                                                     Conclusion

                                                                                                                     With its convenient, on-demand model
                                                                                                                     for network access to a shared pool
                                                                                                                     of configurable computing resources,
                                                                                                                     cloud computing is rapidly emerging
                                                                                                                     as a viable alternative to traditional
    • long-term strategic methodology for                        as the framework for all solution deploy-           approaches – and is carrying a host of
      acquiring, financing, and managing it                      ments, which provides essential tools,              proven benefits to government agencies.
    • alignment of technology and services                       processes, and procedures for consistent            Costs are being significantly reduced,
      with business objectives                                   quality delivery.                                   along with personnel time spent on
    • transformation of it into infrastructure                                                                       computing issues. Storage availability
      as a Service (iaaS)                                        GtSi’s cloud assessment services                    increases, high automation eliminates
                                                                 begin with conducting a site survey and             worries about keeping applications up
    Supporting tlM is a range of GtSi                            infrastructure readiness assessment                 to date, and flexibility and mobility are
    service capabilities, including engineering                  and developing a high-level solution                heightened, allowing workers to access
    services, integration services, support                      architecture. then GtSi’s cloud design              information anytime, anywhere.
    services, financial services, program                        services create a cloud migration strategy
    management, e-Business, project manage-                      and cloud architecture. GtSi’s cloud                Cloud computing can be rapidly provisioned
    ment, education, and staff augmenta-                         deployment services involve implemen-               and released with minimal management
    tion. GtSi’s engineering consulting staff                    tation and integration services, as well            effort or service provider interaction.
    offers years of industry experience in                       as pre-production testing and perfor-               ultimately, with its offering of scalable,
    developing and integrating state-of-the-art                  mance tuning. Meanwhile, GtSi’s cloud               real-time, internet-based information
    infrastructure technology. GtSi’s seasoned                   management services offers itil-based               technology services and resources, the
    engineers hold hundreds of industry certi-                   cloud operations, management, and                   cloud can satisfy the computing needs
    fications, specializations, and high-level                   support, as well as staff augmentation.             of a universe of users, without the users
    security clearances -- the right qualifica-                                                                      incurring the costs of maintaining the
    tions needed to plan, design, implement,                     Transforming Government                             underlying infrastructure.
    and operate essential infrastructures
    for cloud computing. From initial site                       GtSi’s methodology has been applied                 For more information on GtSi and our
    surveys and cloud assessments to cloud                       to a number of federal, state, and local            cloud computing offering, visit GtSi.com
    infrastructure design and implementa-                        government projects related to infra-               or call us at 800.999.GtSi.
    tion, GtSi professionals use a definitive                    structure modernization, consolidation,
    Service engagement Methodology (SeM)                         virtualization, disaster recovery, and staff
References                                       Supplemental Material                           John MacKinnon
                                                                                                 Strategic Account Manager, GTSI
GSa, U.S. Federal Cloud Computing Initiative     intel, Developing an Enterprise Cloud           John MacKinnon is responsible for acquiring
Overview Presentation, Scribd.com, 2009          Computing Strategy                              long-term, multi-year programs at federal
                                                                                                 civilian agencies. as the sales lead on GtSi’s
hewlett Packard laboratories, Taking             hewlett Packard laboratories, Taking            Cloud Computing task Force, he recently
Account of Privacy when Designing Cloud          Account of Privacy when Designing               chaired the iaC infrastructure as a Service
Computing Services, 2009                         Cloud Computing Services                        Committee and serves as a member of the
                                                                                                 techamerica Cloud Computing Sub-Committee.
inPut, Federal industry insights, Evolution of   Mary Johnston turner, Frank Gens, iDC,          Prior to GtSi, John was with SaVViS Federal
the Cloud: The Future of Cloud Computing in      Cloud Computing Drives Breakthrough             Systems providing hosting and data center
Government, March 2009                           Improvements in IT Service Delivery, Speed,     services successfully to ten agencies, as well
                                                 and Costs                                       as telecom CleC teligent. John holds a BS
intel, Developing an Enterprise Cloud                                                            degree from Vanderbilt university, and a
Computing Strategy, 2009                         netapp, NetApp Architectural Plans for          JD from Washington university. his certifica-
                                                 Enabling a Dynamic Data Center for Today        tions include Certified registered Sales
national institute for Standards and             and In the Future                               Professional from the united Sales Profes-
technology, Working Definition of Cloud                                                          sionals association, as well as CMM level
Computing, 2009                                  Sun Microsystems, Introduction to Cloud         3 for Business Development.
                                                 Computing Architecture
office of Management and Budget, Optimizing                                                      Mohamed Elrefai
Common Services and Solutions through a          VMware: Clearing the Fog for a Look into        Vice President, Enterprise Solutions Group, GTSI
Cloud Computing Platform, 2009                   the Clouds, Mark Bowker, enterprise             Mohamed erefai has over 15 years of
                                                 Strategy Group                                  managerial experience in sales and infor-
rayport, J. and heywad, a., Envisioning the                                                      mation technology. Currently at GtSi he is
Cloud: The Next Computing Paradigm, 2009         About the Authors                               responsible for working with customers and
                                                                                                 partners, as well as across the company,
Sun Microsystems, Introduction to Cloud          Prem Jadhwani                                   to develop and support GtSi infrastructure
Computing Architecture, 2009                     Senior Solutions Architect, GTSI                Solutions and Capabilities. Mr. elrefai has
                                                 Prem Jadhwani has 12 years of experience        overall responsibility for pre-sales engineering,
university of Berkeley, Above the Clouds:        working in the enterprise it space with         solutions and capabilities development,
A Berkeley View of Cloud Computing, 2009         both federal and commercial customers.          and partner management. these teams
                                                 Currently at GtSi, Mr. Jadhwani defines the     develop the solutions capabilities, pairing
Version one, Cloud Confusion amongst IT          solutions, capabilities, standard operating     the right engineering with the best partners
Professionals, 2009.                             procedures, and “go-to-market” strategy for     to support them. Prior to GtSi, Mr. elrefai
                                                 solutions involving networking, security, and   served as Vice President of Corporate
                                                 emerging technologies. Mr. Jadhwani holds       Sales at learning tree international. Mr. elrefai
                                                 a MS degree in computer science and a           holds an MS in information Systems from
                                                 MBa degree in marketing and strategy            american university and a BS in electrical
                                                 from the illinois institute of technology in    engineering from Virginia Polytechnic institute
                                                 Chicago. he has completed his graduate          and State university in Blacksburg.
                                                 work towards a Ph.D. degree in information
                                                 Security at George Mason university in
                                                 Virginia and holds a number of professional
                                                 certifications including CiSSP CSSlP , CiSM,
                                                                                 ,
                                                 and GSlC.
About GTSI
GTSI Corp. is the first information technology solutions provider offering a Technology Lifecycle Management (TLM) approach to IT infrastructure solutions delivered through industry-leading professional and
financial services. GTSI employs a proactive, strategic methodology that streamlines technology lifecycle management, from initial assessment to acquisition, implementation, refresh, and disposal. TLM allows
government agencies to implement solutions of national and local significance quickly and cost-effectively. GTSI’s certified engineers and project managers leverage strategic partnerships with technology innovators.
These experts use proven, repeatable processes to design, deploy, manage, and support simple to complex solutions, to meet governments’ current and future requirements and business objectives. GTSI is
headquartered in Northern Virginia, outside of Washington, D.C.

2553 Dulles View Drive, Suite 100, Herndon, VA 20171-5219 • 800.999.GTSI • GTSI.com

©2009 GTSI Corp. All rights reserved. GTSI and GTSI.com are registered trademarks of GTSI Corp. in the United States and other countries. (CloudWP-8761-C-09, OCTOBER 2009)

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Cloud Computing Framework Transforms Government IT

  • 1. SolutionS White PaPer Cloud Computing Building a Framework for Successful transition
  • 2.
  • 3. Contents Executive Summary 2 Defining Cloud Computing 3 The Five Essential Characteristics 3 The Three Service Models 3 The Four Deployment Models 4 The Benefits of Cloud Computing 4 Issues and Risks 4 Cloud Computing Maturity Model 5 Step 1: Consolidation 5 Step 2: Virtualization 5 Step 3: Automation 6 Step 4: Utility 7 Step 5: Cloud 7 GTSI Delivers on Cloud Computing 7 Transforming Government 8 Conclusion 8 References Supplemental Material About the Authors
  • 4. 2 GTSI Solutions / White Paper / Cloud Computing Executive Summary Cloud computing, with the revolutionary promise of computing as a utility, has the potential to transform how IT services are delivered and managed. Yet, despite its great promise, even the most seasoned professionals know little about cloud computing or how to define it. A recent study revealed that 41% of senior IT professionals admit that they “don’t know” what cloud comput- ing is. This research follows a similar survey highlighting that two-thirds of senior finance professionals are confused about cloud computing (Version One, 2009). But as more players enter the market, as resources only when there is an increase proven use drives up the acceptance of in their needs. Moreover, cloud computing the cloud computing model -- and budget provides the ability to pay for use of com- constraints force it departments to puting resources on a short-term basis look for savings wherever possible -- the as needed (e.g., processors by the hour demand for cloud computing solutions is and storage by the day) and release them expected to grow exponentially. according as needed (Berkeley, 2009). to inPut, estimates are that by FY2013 federal, state, and local government as for the bottom line, cloud computing spending on cloud computing will reach enables governments to lower the expense $800 million (inPut, 2009). of existing it services and to cost-effectively introduce enhanced services. Moreover, the reasons for the increasing interest government agencies not only benefit among government agencies are myriad. from increased productivity engendered to begin, cloud computing offers an by cloud computing, but citizens as well entirely new way of looking at it infra- benefit from the more efficient use of tax structure. From a hardware point of view, dollars (inPut, 2009). Costs associated with “The Federal Government will cloud computing offers seemingly never- it operations in many cases decrease transform its IT infrastructure by ending computing resources available on significantly, because services can be virtualizing data centers, consoli- demand, thereby eliminating the need purchased on-demand. Finally, administra- dating data centers and operations, to budget for hardware that may only be tive time spent attending to the needs of and ultimately adopting a cloud used in high peak timeframes. Cloud the it infrastructure can be reduced, with computing business model.” computing eliminates an up-front commit- personnel freed to devote more time to ment by users, thereby allowing agencies an agency’s core mission objectives. (GSa, 2009) to start small and increase hardware
  • 5. GTSI Solutions / White Paper / Cloud Computing 3 Cloud Computing Framework Defining Cloud Computing promote use by heterogeneous thin Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS) Soa Provides integration or thick client platforms (e.g., mobile Storage the national institute of Standards and phones, laptops, and PDas). Computing technology’s (niSt) information technology Software as a Service (SaaS) laboratory recognizes that cloud computing Resource Pooling. the provider’s comput- Web applications is an “evolving paradigm.” as such, its ing resources are pooled to serve multiple Middleware definition, attributes, and characteristics consumers using a multi-tenant model System Software are still being debated by the public and with different physical and virtual resources Platform as a Service (PaaS) private sectors, and are certain to continue dynamically assigned and reassigned to evolve in the near future. nevertheless, according to consumer demand. there is application Development initial steps have been taken toward con- a sense of location independence in that structing a universally accepted explanation the customer generally has no control (INPUT, 2009) of cloud computing’s key characteristics, or knowledge over the exact location of as well as definitions for the various the provided resources but may be able deployment and service models. these to specify location at a higher level of definitions have been widely reported but abstraction (e.g., country, state, or data are worth repeating, particularly in a field center). examples of resources include that is still rapidly developing. storage, processing, memory, network bandwidth, and virtual machines. According to NIST: Cloud computing is a model for enabling Rapid Elasticity. Capabilities can be rapidly computing resources where the consumer convenient, on-demand network access and elastically provisioned, in some is able to deploy and run arbitrary to a shared pool of configurable computing cases automatically, to quickly scale out, software, which can include operating resources (e.g., networks, servers, storage, and rapidly released to quickly scale in. systems and applications. the consumer applications, and services) that can be to the consumer, the capabilities avail- does not manage or control the underly- rapidly provisioned and released with able for provisioning often appear to be ing cloud infrastructure but has control minimal management effort or service unlimited and can be purchased in any over operating systems, storage, deployed provider interaction. quantity at any time. applications, and possibly limited control of select networking components (e.g., this cloud model promotes availability Measured Service. Cloud systems auto- host firewalls). and is composed of five essential charac- matically control and optimize resource teristics, three service models, and four use by leveraging a metering capability Cloud Software as a Service (SaaS). deployment models. at some level of abstraction appropriate the capability provided to the consumer to the type of service (e.g., storage, is to use the provider’s applications The Five Essential Characteristics processing, bandwidth, and active user running on a cloud infrastructure. the accounts). resource usage can be moni- applications are accessible from various On-demand Self Service. a consumer can tored, controlled, and reported providing client devices through a thin client inter- unilaterally provision computing capabili- transparency for both the provider and face such as a web browser (e.g., web- ties, such as server time and network consumer of the utilized service. based email). the consumer does not storage, as needed automatically without manage or control the underlying cloud requiring human interaction with each The Three Service Models infrastructure including network, servers, service’s provider. operating systems, storage, or even Cloud Infrastructure as a Service individual application capabilities, with Broad Network Access. Capabilities are (IaaS). the capability provided to the the possible exception of limited user- available over the network and accessed consumer is to provision processing, specific application configuration settings. through standard mechanisms that storage, networks, and other fundamental
  • 6. 4 GTSI Solutions / White Paper / Cloud Computing Public Cloud. the cloud infrastructure is ently without the necessity of making Motivators for Implementing a made available to the general public or a major capital investments. Capacity can Cloud Computing Solution: large industry group and is owned by an be added as resources are needed and organization selling cloud services. completed in a very short period of time. • increase capacity cost effectively thus, agencies can avoid the latency, • reduce it operating costs Hybrid Cloud. the cloud infrastructure expense, and risk of purchasing hard- and effort is a composition of two or more clouds ware and software that takes up data • reduce hardware infrastructure (private, community, or public) that center space -- and can reduce the costs remain unique entities but are bound traditional time required to scale up an • access SaaS applications together by standardized or proprietary application in support of the mission. • Free up it staff technology that enables data and appli- Cloud computing allows agencies to cation portability (e.g., cloud bursting for easily move in the other direction as (inPut, 2009) load-balancing between clouds). well, removing capacity, and thus expenses, as needed. The Benefits of Cloud Computing Cloud Platform as a Service (PaaS). Resource Maximization. Cloud comput- the capability provided to the consumer as cloud computing begins to take hold, ing eases the burden on it resources is to deploy onto the cloud infrastructure several major benefits have become evident: already stretched thin, particularly consumer-created or acquired applications important for agencies facing shortages created using programming languages Costs. the cloud promises to reduce of qualified it professionals. and tools supported by the provider. the cost of acquiring, delivering, and the consumer does not manage or maintaining computing power, a benefit Collaboration. the cloud presents an control the underlying cloud infrastruc- of particular importance in times of environment where users can develop ture including network, servers, operat- fiscal uncertainty. By enabling agencies software-based services that enhances ing systems, or storage, but has control to purchase only the computing services collaboration and fosters greater over the deployed applications and needed, instead of investing in com- information sharing, not only within the possibly application hosting environment plex and expensive it infrastructures, agency, but also among other govern- configurations. agencies can drive down the costs of ment and private entities. developing, testing, and maintaining The Four Deployment Models new and existing systems. Customization. Cloud computing offers a platform of tremendous potential for Private Cloud. the cloud infrastructure Access. the cloud promises universal creating and amending applications to is operated solely for an organization. it access to high-powered computing and address a diversity of tasks and chal- may be managed by the organization or storage resources for anyone with a net- lenges. its inherent agility means that a third party and may exist on premise work access device. By providing such specific processes can be easily altered or off premise. capabilities, cloud computing helps to to meet shifting agency needs, since facilitate telework initiatives, as well as those processes are typically change- Community Cloud. the cloud infrastruc- bolster an agency’s continuity of opera- able by making a configuration change, ture is shared by several organizations tions (CooP) demands. and not by driving redevelopment from and supports a specific community that the back-end systems (heyward and has shared concerns (e.g., mission, Scalability and Capacity. the cloud is rayport, 2009). security requirements, policy, and compli- an always-on computing resource that ance considerations). it may be managed enables users to tailor consumption to Issues and Risks by the organizations or a third party and their specific needs. infinitely scalable, may exist on premise or off premise. cloud computing allows it infrastructures one of the key issues in cloud comput- to be expanded efficiently and expedi- ing is the move towards a multi-sourced
  • 7. GTSI Solutions / White Paper / Cloud Computing 5 it environment, where some services to be implemented with the highest Consolidation is achieved primarily are provided in house, some from other degree of security. indeed, any signifi- through virtualization but can also be government entities, and some from a cant data breach will exacerbate already approached by the use of denser range of infrastructure, application, and existing fears about whether data is computing hardware or even high per- process suppliers in the form of private, indeed safe in the cloud. formance computing. By boosting the public, community, or hybrid clouds. speed of critical processes and enabling to enable the cloud and fully realize its greater flexibility, the consolidation of any preparation for such transitioning potential, certain fundamental elements data centers and desktops allows agen- requires a thorough review of an agency’s must be addressed. to begin with, the cies to do more with fewer resources – it strategy in light of its mission needs. cloud must function at levels equal to a significant concern in today’s economic Which fundamental capabilities need or better than the current it systems environment. Moreover, the shift to a to stay in house as mission critical? – and must deliver tangible savings and unified fabric provides both physical and Which are better suited for providers benefits, including raising energy efficiency virtual access to the storage area network to deliver, and which lend themselves and reducing environmental impact. users (San), creating greater efficiency and to the pay-per-use cloud approach? must be assured of near-ubiquitous and cost savings by allowing more storage these considerations should be made open access via the internet, and be to be consolidated in the San. in conjunction with the imperative to able to move among the cloud platforms consolidate, simplify, and optimize an as needed – with the users’ rights to network and application moderniza- agency’s it environment, to reduce the data clearly defined and protected. tion is also an important initial step operational costs and free up investment above all, as previously stated, user in enabling the transition to a cloud for other mission-focused initiatives. data must be secure at all times. computing environment. a viable alternative to replacing infrastructure implementing a cloud computing iaaS Cloud Computing Maturity Model components or rewriting critical applica- model incurs different risks than manag- tions, modernization promotes com- ing a dedicated agency data center. the establishment of a cloud computing munication between older systems and risks associated with the implementa- maturity model (CCMM) provides a frame- newer solutions, all while preserving the tion of such a new service delivery model work for successful implementation. GtSi value in existing it systems. Freed from include policy changes, implementation of recommends a phased approach to the bonds of a mainframe environment, dynamic applications, and securing the the CCMM, encompassing five key critical applications modernized through dynamic environment. Most often, the components: a service-oriented architecture provide mitigation plan for these risks depends • Consolidation agencies with the increased ability to on assessing the it services needed to • Virtualization leverage newer technologies. support end users and how they will be • automation delivered, establishing proactive program • utility as for security concerns surrounding management, and implementing industry • Cloud cloud computing, modernization actually best practices and government policies works to enhance the security of sensitive in the management of that program. Step 1: Consolidation information stored on critical applica- an agency’s migration towards cloud tions. When established properly, the For cloud computing to be widely adopted, computing begins with the consolida- cloud platform provides security of all assurances must be made that data tion of server, storage, and network data in motion, traveling between the is not only always accessible, but also resources, which works to reduce cloud and the desktop, and all data at totally secure. agencies will undoubtedly redundancy, decrease wasted space, rest in cloud storage. need to actively put in place security and increase equipment usage, all measures that will allow dynamic through the measured planning of both Step 2: Virtualization application use and information-sharing architecture and process. Virtualization forms a solid foundation for all cloud architectures. it enables
  • 8. 6 GTSI Solutions / White Paper / Cloud Computing Cloud Computing Maturity Model Step 1 Step 2 Step 3 Step 4 Step 5 Consolidation Virtualization Automation Utility Cloud Consolidation abstraction adaptive, Secure, Self-Service & Metering on-Demand & Scalable & Modernization & resource Pooling & repeatable of resources Server Consolidation Server & Storage Policy-Based Provisioning Service Metrics & Metering iaaS, SaaS, PaaS Virtualization & Management tiered Storage Desktop Virtualization itil-Based repeatable Service level agreements Service-oriented Consolidation Processes (Slas) architecture Consolidation of network Virtualized network Multi-tier Security incident response inter-Cloud Federation Services Services & audit Consolidation of Disparate application Virtualization Multi-tier Data recovery Continuous availability integration of Web 2.0 applications & Failover & Web Portals Key Enabling Capabilities Consolidation Virtualization itil Service Management Dr & CooP Cloud internetworking Modernization thin Client Computing network Security risk / Vulnerability integration Management Power & Cooling Green it Data Center Security Situational awareness Provisioning high Performance Data Duplication infrastructure Protection Computing the abstraction and aggregation of all centers and networks. Moreover, through through a transformative procedure, the data center resources, thereby creating consolidation – one of the critical ap- infrastructure is automated, and critical a unified resource that can be shared plications of virtualization – agencies it processes become more dynamic by all application loads. hardware such can regain control of their distributed -- and greater control is achieved by as servers, storage devices, and other resources by creating shared pools of trusted policies. With automation, data components are treated as a pool of standardized resources that enable centers can systematically remove resources rather than a discrete sys- centralized management, speeding up manual labor requirements for run-time tem, thereby allowing the allocation of service provisioning and reducing un- operations. among the various forms resources on demand. By decoupling planned down time. ultimately, the result of automation in practice today, provi- the physical it infrastructure from the is increased use of assets and simpli- sioning automation is perhaps the best applications and services being hosted, fied lifecycle management through the known and most often implemented. virtualization allows greater efficiency mobility of applications and data. and flexibility, without any effect on rather than managing underlying system administration productivity or although many agencies turn to virtual- infrastructure, agencies in pursuit of tools and processes. ization to improve resource usage and cloud computing need to move toward decrease both capital and operating costs, managing service levels based on what By separating the workload from the the ultimate goal in cloud computing is the is appropriate for the application users, underlying oS and hardware, virtualiza- use of the abstraction between applica- whether it’s minimum tolerable applica- tion allows extreme portability. When tions and infrastructure to manage it as a tion latency or the availability level of extended to every system component, Service (iaaS) in a true cloud environment. an application – whatever are deemed desktop, network, storage, and servers critical factors. in this regard, automation – it enables the mobility of applications Step 3: Automation becomes an essential element. and data, not only across servers and in this stage, automation optimizes storage arrays, but also across data an agency’s virtualized it resources.
  • 9. GTSI Solutions / White Paper / Cloud Computing 7 With centralized it and self-service for especially for information and services a cloud computing platform is setting the end users, automation helps agencies to that might leave the data center. a private stage for technological innovation – and disentangle themselves from the burden cloud utility model answers the question, giving the government a leading role in of repetitive management procedures, by enabling agencies to retain the data the cloud’s wider adoption. the vision of all while enabling end users to quickly within their network security while scaling cloud computing could radically change the access what they require. ultimately, and expanding as user demands change, structure of how government entities deliver automation can help agencies to reduce pooling it resources in a single operating it services to their constituents, the data their operating expenses by: system or management platform. as a they make available, and the tools they use • reallocating computing resources result, anywhere from tens to thousands to collaborate and solve problems. on-demand of applications and services can be • establishing run-time responses to supported – and new architectures that GtSi closely follows the five-step CCMM capacity demands target large-scale computing activities described earlier to enable agencies to • automating trouble-ticket responses easily installed. migrate to a cloud environment. GtSi’s (or eliminating trouble tickets for cloud computing offering consists of it most automated response scenarios) Step 5: Cloud infrastructure and services that begin • integrating system management and through cloud internetworking federation, with infrastructure consolidation and measurement disparate cloud systems can be linked in virtualization, then span to building the such a way as to accommodate both the cloud infrastructure and providing secure Step 4: Utility particular nature of cloud computing and cloud hosting and lifecycle management in addition to automation, both self- the running of it workloads. this federa- services that meet all federal security service and metering -- feedback about tion allows the sharing of a range of it requirements. GtSi supports the cloud the cost of the resources allocated -- are resources and capabilities – including infrastructure including the network, necessary requirements in creating a capacity, monitoring, and management – storage, computing, platforms, database cloud service. With breakthrough capa- and the movement of application loads and middleware, and cloud applications bilities for end users and agencies, self- between clouds. Moreover, since federa- securely hosted and wrapped around service and metering facilitate not only tion can occur across data center and GtSi’s unique technology lifecycle better it management but the further agency boundaries, it enables such Management (tlM) methodology. extension of the user experience. processes as unified metering and billing and one-stop self-service provisioning. tlM represents a multi-phased approach in the cloud, there is no intermediary that encompasses the planning, design, between the user of a resource and the With cloud computing, communication acquisition, implementation, and manage- processes for acquiring and allocating increases significantly, as data sharing ment of all elements comprising the it resources for critical mission needs between previously separate systems is infrastructure. this model enables agencies and initiatives. Since the user initiates fully enabled – and collaboration within to better align their mission objectives the service requests, it becomes an on- and between government agencies with the technology, eliminate the burden demand service and the costs of operation grows exponentially. ultimately, rather and costs of it asset ownership, and drop significantly, because costs are than each agency operating in isolation, create a more predictable service delivery incurred only when the service is used constricted by the boundaries of its own model for its users – allowing agencies to and fewer dollars are spent attending to data center, not only can services be deliver it infrastructure as a Service (iaaS). the needs of the infrastructure. shared among groups, but also costs can be shared and lessened. GtSi’s tlM framework aligns with the essential to it administration is the GtSi Cloud Computing Maturity Model question of how to maintain service GTSI Delivers on Cloud Computing by delivering: delivery in a fully virtualized, multi-tenancy • Multi-phased approach covering all it environment while at the same time Government’s current emphasis on optimiz- infrastructure elements providing the highest levels of security – ing common services and solutions through
  • 10. 8 GTSI Solutions / White Paper / Cloud Computing GTSI Cloud Computing Services Assessment • infrastructure readiness assessment augmentation – the building blocks to • Business impact analysis of migration to cloud • high-level solution architecture cloud computing. Whether it is server and storage consolidation for nih, thin Design • Cloud migration strategy (consolidation, modernization, virtualization, power & cooling, security, compliance, Sla’s) client (diskless) computing for the • Cloud architecture, design, and adoption roadmap Department of energy, server virtualiza- Deployment • implementation tion for the DhS Customs and Border • integration Protection, or data center modernization • Pre-production testing & performance tuning for army loGSa, these essential steps Management • itil-based governance for cloud operations, cloud management, toward the cloud have the potential to & support • training & knowledge transfer radically transform how government does • Staff augmentation business, both internally and externally. Conclusion With its convenient, on-demand model for network access to a shared pool of configurable computing resources, cloud computing is rapidly emerging as a viable alternative to traditional • long-term strategic methodology for as the framework for all solution deploy- approaches – and is carrying a host of acquiring, financing, and managing it ments, which provides essential tools, proven benefits to government agencies. • alignment of technology and services processes, and procedures for consistent Costs are being significantly reduced, with business objectives quality delivery. along with personnel time spent on • transformation of it into infrastructure computing issues. Storage availability as a Service (iaaS) GtSi’s cloud assessment services increases, high automation eliminates begin with conducting a site survey and worries about keeping applications up Supporting tlM is a range of GtSi infrastructure readiness assessment to date, and flexibility and mobility are service capabilities, including engineering and developing a high-level solution heightened, allowing workers to access services, integration services, support architecture. then GtSi’s cloud design information anytime, anywhere. services, financial services, program services create a cloud migration strategy management, e-Business, project manage- and cloud architecture. GtSi’s cloud Cloud computing can be rapidly provisioned ment, education, and staff augmenta- deployment services involve implemen- and released with minimal management tion. GtSi’s engineering consulting staff tation and integration services, as well effort or service provider interaction. offers years of industry experience in as pre-production testing and perfor- ultimately, with its offering of scalable, developing and integrating state-of-the-art mance tuning. Meanwhile, GtSi’s cloud real-time, internet-based information infrastructure technology. GtSi’s seasoned management services offers itil-based technology services and resources, the engineers hold hundreds of industry certi- cloud operations, management, and cloud can satisfy the computing needs fications, specializations, and high-level support, as well as staff augmentation. of a universe of users, without the users security clearances -- the right qualifica- incurring the costs of maintaining the tions needed to plan, design, implement, Transforming Government underlying infrastructure. and operate essential infrastructures for cloud computing. From initial site GtSi’s methodology has been applied For more information on GtSi and our surveys and cloud assessments to cloud to a number of federal, state, and local cloud computing offering, visit GtSi.com infrastructure design and implementa- government projects related to infra- or call us at 800.999.GtSi. tion, GtSi professionals use a definitive structure modernization, consolidation, Service engagement Methodology (SeM) virtualization, disaster recovery, and staff
  • 11. References Supplemental Material John MacKinnon Strategic Account Manager, GTSI GSa, U.S. Federal Cloud Computing Initiative intel, Developing an Enterprise Cloud John MacKinnon is responsible for acquiring Overview Presentation, Scribd.com, 2009 Computing Strategy long-term, multi-year programs at federal civilian agencies. as the sales lead on GtSi’s hewlett Packard laboratories, Taking hewlett Packard laboratories, Taking Cloud Computing task Force, he recently Account of Privacy when Designing Cloud Account of Privacy when Designing chaired the iaC infrastructure as a Service Computing Services, 2009 Cloud Computing Services Committee and serves as a member of the techamerica Cloud Computing Sub-Committee. inPut, Federal industry insights, Evolution of Mary Johnston turner, Frank Gens, iDC, Prior to GtSi, John was with SaVViS Federal the Cloud: The Future of Cloud Computing in Cloud Computing Drives Breakthrough Systems providing hosting and data center Government, March 2009 Improvements in IT Service Delivery, Speed, services successfully to ten agencies, as well and Costs as telecom CleC teligent. John holds a BS intel, Developing an Enterprise Cloud degree from Vanderbilt university, and a Computing Strategy, 2009 netapp, NetApp Architectural Plans for JD from Washington university. his certifica- Enabling a Dynamic Data Center for Today tions include Certified registered Sales national institute for Standards and and In the Future Professional from the united Sales Profes- technology, Working Definition of Cloud sionals association, as well as CMM level Computing, 2009 Sun Microsystems, Introduction to Cloud 3 for Business Development. Computing Architecture office of Management and Budget, Optimizing Mohamed Elrefai Common Services and Solutions through a VMware: Clearing the Fog for a Look into Vice President, Enterprise Solutions Group, GTSI Cloud Computing Platform, 2009 the Clouds, Mark Bowker, enterprise Mohamed erefai has over 15 years of Strategy Group managerial experience in sales and infor- rayport, J. and heywad, a., Envisioning the mation technology. Currently at GtSi he is Cloud: The Next Computing Paradigm, 2009 About the Authors responsible for working with customers and partners, as well as across the company, Sun Microsystems, Introduction to Cloud Prem Jadhwani to develop and support GtSi infrastructure Computing Architecture, 2009 Senior Solutions Architect, GTSI Solutions and Capabilities. Mr. elrefai has Prem Jadhwani has 12 years of experience overall responsibility for pre-sales engineering, university of Berkeley, Above the Clouds: working in the enterprise it space with solutions and capabilities development, A Berkeley View of Cloud Computing, 2009 both federal and commercial customers. and partner management. these teams Currently at GtSi, Mr. Jadhwani defines the develop the solutions capabilities, pairing Version one, Cloud Confusion amongst IT solutions, capabilities, standard operating the right engineering with the best partners Professionals, 2009. procedures, and “go-to-market” strategy for to support them. Prior to GtSi, Mr. elrefai solutions involving networking, security, and served as Vice President of Corporate emerging technologies. Mr. Jadhwani holds Sales at learning tree international. Mr. elrefai a MS degree in computer science and a holds an MS in information Systems from MBa degree in marketing and strategy american university and a BS in electrical from the illinois institute of technology in engineering from Virginia Polytechnic institute Chicago. he has completed his graduate and State university in Blacksburg. work towards a Ph.D. degree in information Security at George Mason university in Virginia and holds a number of professional certifications including CiSSP CSSlP , CiSM, , and GSlC.
  • 12. About GTSI GTSI Corp. is the first information technology solutions provider offering a Technology Lifecycle Management (TLM) approach to IT infrastructure solutions delivered through industry-leading professional and financial services. GTSI employs a proactive, strategic methodology that streamlines technology lifecycle management, from initial assessment to acquisition, implementation, refresh, and disposal. TLM allows government agencies to implement solutions of national and local significance quickly and cost-effectively. GTSI’s certified engineers and project managers leverage strategic partnerships with technology innovators. These experts use proven, repeatable processes to design, deploy, manage, and support simple to complex solutions, to meet governments’ current and future requirements and business objectives. GTSI is headquartered in Northern Virginia, outside of Washington, D.C. 2553 Dulles View Drive, Suite 100, Herndon, VA 20171-5219 • 800.999.GTSI • GTSI.com ©2009 GTSI Corp. All rights reserved. GTSI and GTSI.com are registered trademarks of GTSI Corp. in the United States and other countries. (CloudWP-8761-C-09, OCTOBER 2009)