This document describes a circuit to control the speed of a single-phase induction motor using a triac. The circuit consists of five main parts: 1) A step-down transformer, 2) Bridge rectifiers to rectify AC voltages, 3) A comparator to compare voltages, 4) A 555 timer in astable mode to generate pulses, and 5) An AND gate to eliminate negative pulses and control the triac firing angle. Varying the triac firing angle allows adjusting the motor speed by varying the output voltage. PSPICE simulation and breadboard testing have been completed so far.

1. SPEED CONTROL OF 1-φ INDUCTON MOTOR USING A TRIAC

2. SUBMITTED BY: GROUP NO: 14 ABHISHEK SHIVHARE 081113013 ASHWANI KUMAR AHIRWAR 081113042 MD JAWED HUSSAIN 081113057 SUSHIL DAYMA 081113062 B.B.HARISH REDDY 081113065

4. The speed of the induction motor can be varied in a narrow range by varying the voltage applied to the stator winding.

6. For any firing angle α the average output voltage across a TRIAC is given by V = (2V’cosα/π) ; V’ is the max voltage provided.

7. Instruments used

10. TRANSFORMER The transformer in our circuit is a step down transformer This transforms the 220V input to 15V at 1 amp. It acts as an isolation device between the ac mains and the electronic circuit.

11. Rectifiers There are two bridge rectifiers used in the circuit to rectify the 15V ac . The output from one of the rectifier is filtered using the appropriate capacitors and is used as a reference to the comparator. The output of the remaining rectifier acts as the input to the comparator. The rectifiers used in the circuit are MIC DB107

13. Comparator The comparator used in the circuit is LM324 The comparator compares the rectified voltage at the positive terminal with the filtered input voltage at the negative terminal which acts as a reference and hence generates a square wave. The magnitude of the square wave is equal to the saturation value, and its magnitude is positive when the input voltage is greater than the reference voltage and vice versa. The resultant output wave forms the input to the AND gate

14. PIN DIAGRAM OF LM324

15. INTERNAL DIAGRAM OF LM324

18. 555 timer The 555 timer used in the circuit is in the astable mode. The resistors R10 and R11 help in varying the frequency of the output from the comparator , This helps in generating a pulse train used to trigger the gate of the triac used. The biasing voltage used in the circuit is 5V. The thus generated pulse train is fed to an AND gate.

19. AND gate The AND gate used in the circuit is HD74S08. The input of the gate is derived from the output of the comparator and of the 555 timer. The AND gate is used to eliminate the negative pulse train.

22. Bread board testing has been done