As data scientists your job is to create order in the data chaos. But where does this data come from? Real-world data does not magically appear cleanly in your Matlab scripts. This is a talk about the fundamentals of IoT, and how to retrieve data from the real world using sensors and devices. Given during Data Science Africa 2019 in Addis Ababa.

1. Jan Jongboom, Arm
4 June 2019
Fundamentals of IoT
DSA 2019

2. © 2019 Arm Limited 2

3. © 2019 Arm Limited 3
Data Scientists

4. © 2019 Arm Limited 4
Playing with models is fun...
But data acquisition is
even more important
Jared Makario

5. © 2019 Arm Limited 5
Playing with models is fun...
But data acquisition is
even more important

6. © 2019 Arm Limited 6
Internet of Things
Adding digital inputs / outputs to physical things

7. © 2019 Arm Limited 7
Internet of Things...

8. © 2019 Arm Limited 8
Internet of Things...

9. © 2019 Arm Limited 9
Internet of Things...

10. © 2019 Arm Limited 10
The physical world holds a lot of data
>

11. © 2019 Arm Limited
IoT at DSA

12. © 2019 Arm Limited 12
2017

13. © 2019 Arm Limited 13
2018

14. © 2019 Arm Limited 14
2019
Greenhouse
Soil moisture, temperature,
humidity, barometric pressure,
light
Air quality
Wind

15. © 2019 Arm Limited 15
Away with the cables
MCU
Radio
Environmental sensors
PM2.5 extension
Anemometer extension
Soil moisture extension

16. © 2019 Arm Limited 16
Almost away with the cables

17. © 2019 Arm Limited 17
Adding new sensors
Computer
(Processor + RAM + ROM)
General Purpose
Input/Output ports (GPIO)

18. © 2019 Arm Limited 18
Connecting a moisture sensor
Signal
Power
Ground
ADC12.7
3.3V
GND

19. © 2019 Arm Limited 19
Reading from the moisture sensor
AnalogIn moisture(ADC12_7);
while (1) {
float value = moisture.read();
printf("Moisture value is %fn", value);
wait_ms(500);
}

20. © 2019 Arm Limited 20
Power management

21. © 2019 Arm Limited 21
Power management
Sleep as much as possible
Put sensors into sleep
Add power gates to sensors
Sampling rate matters!
Air quality sensor takes 200 mA current
Battery has 2500 mAh
Total sampling time: 12.5 hours
Sample takes 3 minutes
Total number of samples => 250

22. © 2019 Arm Limited 22
Programming and debugging
STLink for
programming
STLink ->
Cortex-M Debug
Cortex-M
Debug Cable
Cortex-M
Debug Header
FTDI Cable
(for serial output)

23. © 2019 Arm Limited
Relaying data

24. © 2019 Arm Limited 24
LoRaWAN
Low-power wide area network
Few KMs coverage
No data fees
Need a gateway

25. © 2019 Arm Limited 25
DSA 2019 setup
Gateway in greenhouse
Gateway has 4G backhaul
Sensors send data to gateway, gateway forwards to The Things Network

26. © 2019 Arm Limited 26
Getting data out
Go to https://console.thethingsnetwork.org
Log in with: [see whiteboard]
Either real-time (MQTT) or historic (Data Storage integration)

27. © 2019 Arm Limited 27
Continuing after DSA
Talk to Ciira
Need a gateway
Indoor gateways 69$, outdoor gateway 500$
https://github.com/janjongboom/dsa-firmware-2019

29. © 2019 Arm Limited 29
https://os.mbed.com
Slides: http://janjongboom.com
Thank you!