The document discusses three individuals who were awarded the 2012 Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences: Alvin Roth, Lloyd Shapley, and John Nash. Alvin Roth and Lloyd Shapley were recognized for their work on stable allocation and market design theory. Roth developed theory for matching markets and practical market applications. Shapley pioneered game theory and made foundational contributions to mathematical economics. The third laureate, John Nash, developed the concept of Nash equilibrium.

3. For ground-breaking experimental
methods that enable measuring and
manipulation of individual quantum
systems.

4. Awards Won
• Officer of the French Legion of Honour
• 1988 Einstein Prize for Laser Science (awarded at Lasers '88).
• 1992 The Humboldt Prize
• 1993 Albert A. Michelson Medal by the Franklin Institute
• 2007 Charles Hard Townes Award by the OSA
• 2009 CNRS Gold medal
• 2012 Nobel Prize in Physics (shared with David J. Wineland)
Serge Haroche is a Professor at the Collège de France and
holds the Chair of Quantum Physics. Serge works primarily
in atomic physics and quantum optics. He is principally
known for proving quantum decoherence by experimental
Age : 68 observation, while working with colleagues at the École
Date of Birth : 09/11/1944
Normale Supérieure in Paris in 1996.
Nationality : French
More on Serge Haroche at:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Serge_Haroche
http://www.college-de-france.fr/site/en-serge-haroche

5. Awards Won
• 1990 Davisson-Germer Prize in Atomic or Surface Physics
• 1990 William F. Meggers Award of the Optical Society of America
• 1996 Einstein Prize for Laser Science of the Society of Optical and
Quantum Electronics
• 1998 Rabi Award from the IEEE Ultrasonics, Ferroelectrics, and
Frequency Control Society
• 2001 Arthur L. Schawlow Prize in Laser Science
• 2007 National Medal of Science in the engineering sciences
• 2009 Herbert Walther Award from the OSA
• 2010 Benjamin Franklin Medal in Physics shared with Juan Ignacio
Cirac and Peter Zoller
• Frederic Ives Medal
• 2012 Nobel Prize in Physics shared with Serge Haroche
David Jeffrey Wineland is a physicist at the National Institute of
Standards and Technology (NIST) physics laboratory. His work
Age : 69 has included advances in optics, specifically laser cooling of ions
Date of Birth : 02/24/1944 in Paul traps and use of trapped ions to implement quantum
Nationality : American computing operations. David is a fellow of the American Physical
Society, the American Optical Society, and was elected to the
National Academy of Sciences in 1992.
More on David Wineland at:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_J._Wineland

6. For studies of G-protein-coupled
receptors, which improved the
understanding of how they function.

7. Awards Won
• 1994 John J. Abel Award in Pharmacology
• 2007 Breakthrough of the Year Award
• 2012 Nobel Prize in Chemistry (shared with Robert Lefkowitz)
Brian Kent Kobilka is a professor in the departments of
Molecular and Cellular Physiology at Stanford University
School of Medicine. He is also the co-founder of
ConfometRx, a biotechnology company focusing on G
Age : 57 protein-coupled receptors. He was named a member of the
Date of Birth : 05/30/1955
National Academy of Sciences in 2011.
Nationality : American
More on Brian Kobilka at:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brian_Kobilka

8. Awards Won
• 1978 John Jacob Abel Award in Pharmacology
• 1988 Gairdner Foundation International Award
• 1992 Bristol-Myers Squibb Award for Distinguished Achievement In
Cardiovascular Research
• 2001 Jessie Stevenson Kovalenko Medal of the USA - The National
Academy of Sciences
• 2003 Fondation Lefoulon – Delalande Grand Prix for Science
• 2007 National Medal of Science
• 2007 The Shaw Prize in Life Science and Medicine
• 2007 Albany Medical Center Prize in Medicine and Biomedical
Research
• 2009 BBVA Foundation Frontiers of Knowledge Awards, in the
Biomedicine Category
• 2009 Research Achievement Award
• 2012 Nobel Prize in Chemistry (shared with Brian Kobilka)
Robert Joseph Lefkowitz is an Investigator with the Howard
Age : 69 Hughes Medical Institute as well as a James B. Duke Professor of
Date of Birth : 04/15/1943 Medicine and Professor of Biochemistry and Chemistry at Duke
Nationality : American University. He is best known for his work with G protein-coupled
receptors.
More on Robert Lefkowitz at:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Lefkowitz

9. For the discovery that mature cells can
be reprogrammed to become
pluripotent, stem cells that have the
potential to be used as
endoderms, mesoderms or ectoderms.

10. Awards Won
• See full list on next slide.
Shinya Yamanaka is a Japanese physician and researcher of
adult stem cells. He serves as the director of Center for iPS Cell
Research and Application and a professor at the Institute for
Frontier Medical Sciences at Kyoto University; as a senior
Age : 50 investigator at the UCSF-affiliated J. David Gladstone Institutes
Date of Birth : 09/02/1962 in San Francisco, California; and as a professor of anatomy at
Nationality : Japanese University of California. Yamanaka is also the current president
of the International Society for Stem Cell Research.
More on Shinya Yamanaka at:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shinya_Yamanaka

11. • 2007 Osaka Science Prize • 2010 March of Dimes Prize in Developmental Biology
• 2007 Inoue Prize for Science • 2010 Kyoto Prize in Biotechnology and medical technology
• 2007 Asahi Prize • 2010 Balzan Prize in biology
• 2007 Meyenburg Cancer Research Award • 2010 Person of Cultural Merit
• 2008 Yamazaki-Teiichi Prize in Biological Science &• 2010 BBVA Foundation Frontiers of Knowledge Award in
Technology the Biomedicine Category
• 2008 Robert Koch Prize • 2011 Albany Medical Center Prize in biomedicine
• 2008 Medals of Honor (Japan) (with purple ribbon) • 2011 Wolf Prize in Medicine
• 2008 Shaw Prize in Life Science & Medicine • 2011 King Faisal International Prize
• 2008 Sankyo Takamine Memorial Award • 2011 McEwen Award for Innovation
• 2008 Massry Prize from the Keck School of Medicine,• 2012 Millennium Technology Prize
University of Southern California • 2012 Fellow of the National Academy of Sciences
• 2009 Lewis S. Rosenstiel Award for Distinguished Work in• 2012 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine
Basic Medical Research[26] • 2012 Order of Culture
• 2009 Gairdner Foundation International Award • 2013 Breakthrough Prize in Life Sciences
• 2009 Albert Lasker Award for Basic Medical Research

12. Awards Won
• 1971 Fellow of the Royal Society
• 1995 Knight of the Royal Society
• 2005 Honorary Member of the American Association of
Anatomists
• 2009 Albert Lasker Basic Medical Research Award
• 2012 Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine (Shared with
Shinya Yamanaka)
Sir John Bertrand Gurdon is a developmental biologist. He is
best known for his pioneering research in nuclear
transplantation and cloning. John's recent research has
focused on analysing intercellular signalling factors involved
Age : 79 in cell differentiation, and on elucidating the mechanisms
Date of Birth : 10/02/1933 involved in reprogramming the nucleus in transplantation
Nationality : British experiments, including the role of histone variants, and
demethylation of the transplanted DNA.
More on John Gurdon at:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Gurdon

13. Who with ‘hallucinatory realism’
merges folk tales, history and the
contemporary.

14. Awards Won
• 1998: Neustadt International Prize for Literature
• 2005: Kiriyama Prize
• 2005: Doctor of Letters, Open University of Hong Kong
• 2006: Fukuoka Asian Culture Prize XVII
• 2007: Man Asian Literary Prize, nominee, Big Breasts and
Wide Hips
• 2009: Newman Prize for Chinese Literature
• 2010: Honorary Fellow, Modern Language Association
• 2011: Mao Dun Literature Prize
• 2012: Nobel Prize in Literature
Guan Moye, better known by the pen name Mo Yan, is a
novelist and short story writer. He is best known to Western
readers for his 1987 novel Red Sorghum Clan, of which the
Age : 58 Red Sorghum and Sorghum Wine volumes were later adapted
Date of Birth : 02/17/1955 for the film Red Sorghum. Mo has been referred by Donald
Nationality : Chinese Morrison of U.S. news magazine TIME as "one of the most
famous, oft-banned and widely pirated of all Chinese writers".
More on Mo Yan at:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mo_Yan

15. For having over six decades
contributed to the advancement of
peace and reconciliation, democracy
and human rights in Europe.

16. List of Member States
• See full list on next slide.
The European Union is an economic and political union of 27
member states that are located primarily in Europe. The EU
operates through a system of supranational independent
institutions and intergovernmental negotiated decisions by the
member states.
Age : 60
Founded : 07/23/1952
Nationality : N/A
More on the European Union at:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/European_Union

17. • Austria (Joined 1995) • Lithuania (Joined (2004)
• Belgium (Founder) • Luxembourg (Founder)
• Bulgaria (Joined 2007) • Malta (Joined 2004)
• Cyprus (Joined 2004) • The Netherlands (Founder)
• Czech Republic (Joined 2004) • Poland (Joined 2004)
• Denmark (Joined 1973) • Portugal (Joined 1986)
• Estonia (Joined 2004) • Romania (Joined 2007)
• Finland (Joined 1995) • Slovakia (Joined 2004)
• France (Founder) • Slovenia (Joined 2004)
• Germany (Founder) • Spain (Joined 1986)
• Greece (Joined 1981) • Sweden (Joined 1995)
• Hungary (Joined 2004) • The United Kingdom (Joined 1973)
• Ireland (Joined 1973)
• Italy (Founder)
• Latvia (Joined 2004)

18. For the theory of stable allocations
and the practice of market design.

19. Awards Won
• 2012 Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences (Shared
with Lloyd Shapley)
Alvin Elliot Roth and a visiting professor at Stanford
University and George Gund Professor of Economics and
Business Administration at Harvard Business School. is an
economist. Alvin has made significant contributions to the
Age : 61 fields of game theory, market design and experimental
Date of Birth : 12/18/1951 economics, and is known for his emphasis on applying his
Nationality : American economic theory to solutions for "real-world" problems.
More on Alvin Roth at:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alvin_E._Roth

20. Awards Won
• 1944 Bronze Star, U.S. Army Air Corps
• 1951 Procter Fellow, Princeton University
• 1967 Fellow, Econometric Society
• 1974 Fellow, American Academy of Arts and Sciences
• 1979 Member, National Academy of Sciences
• 1981 John von Neumann Theory Prize
• 1986 Honorary Ph.D., Hebrew University of Jerusalem
• 2002 Fellow, INFORMS (Institute for Operations Research and the
Management Sciences)
• 2007 Distinguished Fellow, American Economic Association
• 2012 Fellow, American Mathematical Society
• 2012 Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences (Shared with
Alvin Roth)
Lloyd Stowell Shapley is a distinguished mathematician and
economist. He is a Professor Emeritus at University of
Age : 89
California, Los Angeles, affiliated with departments of
Date of Birth : 06/02/1923
Mathematics and Economics. He has contributed to the fields of
Nationality : American
mathematical economics and especially game theory. Lloyd has
been regarded by many experts as the very personification of
game theory.
More on Lloyd Shapley at:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lloyd_Shapley