The document discusses isotonic, hypotonic, and hypertonic solutions and their effects on cells. An isotonic solution has an equal concentration to a cell, so there is no net movement of water into or out of the cell. A hypotonic solution has a lower concentration than a cell, so water will move into the cell by osmosis, causing it to swell. A hypertonic solution has a higher concentration than a cell, so water will move out of the cell by osmosis, causing it to shrink or crenate.

1. Isotonic , Hypotonic , Hypertonic solutions

5. Predict the direction of osmosis in the following solutions partially

6. Osmosis in cells

7. How do cells react in isotonic , hypotonic & hypertonic solutions? partially

8. Isotonic solution + cells

9. Hypotonic solution + cells swell -> may burst turgid

10. (only for plant cells!)

11. Turgor pressure

13. Hypertonic solution + cells Crenation Plasmolysis

15. Crenation

16. Plasmolysis (shrinkage of cytoplasm away from cellulose cell wall when plant cells are immersed in a solution of low water potential) Normal plant cells (turgid) Plasmolysed plant cells (flaccid) hypertonic salt solution Plasmolysed cells lend little support to the structure of the plant, indeed this is the very reason why plants wilt if put into salty water

17. - vacuoles decreases in size - cytoplasm shrinks away from the cellulose cell wall

18. Summary