ip

3. This study was conducted to produce an
alternative fuel or charcoal out of Scrap Paper, Rice
Hull, Coconut Shell, Leaves, Eggshell, Peanut Shell
and Seashell.
Specifically, it sought to answer if it is
possible to create/produce a charcoal out
PARICOSHELL (Scrap Paper, Rice Hull, Coconut
Shell, Leaves, Eggshell, Peanut Shell and Seashell).

4. It also sought to see if it is effective in terms
of Flammability, Longevity of Char and the Length
of Time in Cooking. Likewise, it sought to
determine if the PARICOSHELL (Scrap Paper,
Rice hull, Coconut shell and Leaves, Eggshell,
Peanut shell, and Seashell) Charcoal is acceptable in
terms of: Physical Appearance, Hardness, Texture,
and Cost Effectiveness.

5. Finally, it sought to evaluate if there is a
significant difference between the PARICOSHELL
(Scrap Paper, Rice hull, Coconut shell and Leaves,
Eggshell, Peanut shell, and Seashell) Charcoal and
the commercial charcoal (Kakawate Charcoal)in
terms of: a. Flammability b. Longevity of char c.
Length of time in cooking and. d) Time before
charcoal produced fire.

6. The charcoal made from Scrap Paper, Rice
Hull, Coconut Shell, Leaves, Eggshell, Peanut Shell
and Seashell are significant to the community,
business entrepreneurs, local government, to the
future researchers, and to our environment. These
materials are considered as waste materials which are
just thrown anywhere. People sometimes especially
students; do not see the importance of such
material.

7. Three treatments of charcoal production
were prepared. The first treatment or T1 was called
SHELEAPEAPAP Charcoal because it was
composed of Seashells, Leaves, Peanut Shells and
Scrap Paper with a mixture ratio of ½:1:1:4. The
second treatment or T2 was called CORIEGGPAP
Charcoal because it was composed of Coconut
Shell, Rice Hull, Eggshell, Scrap Paper with a
mixture ratio of ½:1: ½:6.

8. The third treatment or T3 was called
PARICOSHELL Charcoal because it was composed
of Scrap Paper, Rice Hull, Coconut Shell and
Leaves, Eggshell, Peanut shell, Seashell with a
mixture ratio of 8:1:1:1:1:1:1.

9. The three charcoal treatments were
produced and dried. The effectiveness of each
treatment was tested in terms of Length of time in
cooking, Flammability, Longevity of char. Based on
the results, it was the PARICOSHELL Charcoal that
emerged to be the best treatment in terms of
Length of time in cooking, Flammability, Longevity
of char and Time before charcoal produced fire.

10. It was for this reason that this study has gone
further in the production of PARICOSHELL Charcoal
which was then evaluated as to its physical appearance,
hardness and texture.

11. In making the alternative charcoal, Scrap paper,
rice hulls, coconut shells, leaves, eggshell, seashells and
peanut shells were gathered and prepared by the student
researchers. 8 kilograms of scrap paper was soaked,
shredded then squeezed.

12. One (1) kilogram of rice hull, one (1) kilogram
of dried coconut shells, one (1) kilogram of peanut
shells, one (1) kilogram of eggshells, and one (1)
kilogram of seashells. One (1) kilogram of dried bamboo
leaves was then cut into small pieces. All the materials
with their corresponding ratios (8:1:1:1:1:1:1) were
thoroughly mixed manually with an approximated
amount of water.

13. The shredded scrap paper served as the binder of all
the materials enabling desired designs of charcoal to be
molded. Finally, the PARICOSHELL (Scrap Paper, Rice
Hull, Coconut Shell Leaves, Eggshell, Peanut Shell, and
Seashell) Charcoal in different designs was sun dried for one
(1) week.

14. Consequently, this alternative fuel, the
PARICOSHELL Charcoal was compared to the commercial
wood charcoal (Kakawate Charcoal in terms of Length of
time in boiling 2- liter water, Flammability, Longevity of char
and Time before charcoal produced fire.

15. Based on the results of the study, the researchers
concluded that the PARICOSHELL (Scrap Paper, Rice Hull,
Coconut Shell, Leaves, Eggshells, Peanut shells, and Seashells)
product is effective in terms of length of time in cooking,
longevity test, flammability, and time before it produced fire.

16. This charcoal is very highly acceptable in terms of
physical appearance, hardness, and texture. Likewise, the
PARICOSHELL (Scrap Paper, Rice Hull, Coconut Shell,
Leaves, Eggshells, Peanut shells, and Seashells) Charcoal as an
alternative fuel is also more affordable than the commercial
one because in the production of PARICOSHELL charcoal
there were no expenses incurred.

17. The student researchers recommend that
further studies should be conducted to improve
the quality of the PARICOSHELL charcoal for
more efficient and better quality product. Likewise,
the researchers also recommend the product to the
community as a source of energy and income.

18. There should also be a PARICOSHELL
(Scrap Paper, Rice Hull, Coconut Shell, Leaves,
Eggshell, Seashell, and Peanut Shell) Charcoal-making
in barangays, communities, schools, and
other places so that they can motivate other
people to recycle and eventually venture into
business.

19. Machines like a paper shredder, a seashell
crusher, a mixer and a molder may be purchased
to make the production of PARICOSHELL
Charcoal easier, faster and more efficient.

20. The local government, in partnership
with the Department of Energy, may look
into the ecological and economical benefits
of this study highlighting recycling and
livelihood.

21. Further studies may be conducted
to determine some more effects and
benefits from this research study. This
study may serve as an idea for
livelihood purposes.

22. Future researchers should also look into
the other chemical contents of the organic
materials found in PARICOSHELL Charcoal. It
is further recommended that the ash of
PARICOSHELL Charcoal be phytochemically
analyzed.

24. Filipino basic needs are produced though the help
of fuel. People use fuel in cooking food. However, at
present the country faces several forms of fuel shortage or
energy crisis affecting specifically the liquefied petroleum
gas (LPG) which is widely used in cooking.

25. Likewise, charcoal and firewood became more
expensive making the situation more difficult. Thus,
ordinary people do not have any choice but to turn to
the traditional or the cheapest way of cooking using
firewood. Yet, using firewood or wood charcoal is
likewise costly. Consequently, there is a need to make
optimum use of all the available resources in the
community.

26. Facing an ecological crisis is really
threatening the environment. Another problem
that humankind faces nowadays are too much
wastes. Production of wastes has caused stress in
the environment and improper waste disposal has
created a serious environmental problem.

27. To create new forms of renewable energy
resources is something to be considered. A
conceptualization of creating an alternative fuel as a
substitute to the commercial charcoal from waste
materials gave birth to PARICOSHELL (Scrap Paper,
Rice hull, Coconut shell and Leaves, Eggshells, Peanut
shells, and Seashells) Charcoal. It can be used as an
efficient domestic fuel for both heating and cooking.

28. Waste materials collected from the environment are
utilized in making this charcoal, which is more affordable than
the commercial one. “Hitting two birds with one stone” method can
probably help ease the lives of people. This can surely make
the country a garbage and toxic free society by embracing a
more eco – friendly life. By aiming for a Zero waste lifestyle at
home, school, workplace and community, we save precious
resources from being squandered, reduce environmental
pollution, and save money for the cost of waste disposal.

29. These ideas motivated the student researchers
to conduct this study in order to produce an
alternative, cheaper charcoal for fuel. Likewise, the
researchers also aim to help in lessening the waste
materials in the environment and come up with a
product which is both affordable and efficient.

30. This study aimed to produce charcoal out of
PARICOSHELL (Scrap Paper, Rice hull, Coconut
shell and Leaves, Eggshell, Peanut shell, and
Seashell) Charcoal: An Alternative Fuel. Specifically,
it sought to answer the following questions:

31. 1. Is it possible to produce a quality charcoal which can be
an alternative fuel out of Scrap Paper, Rice hull, Coconut
shell and Leaves, Eggshell, Peanut shell, and Seashell?
2. Which of the three treatments is effective in terms of:
a. Flammability,
b. Longevity of Char, and
c. Length of time in cooking?

32. 3. Is the PARICOSHELL (Scrap Paper, Rice hull,
Coconut shell and Leaves, Eggshell, Peanut shell,
and Seashell) Charcoal acceptable in terms of:
a. Physical Appearance,
b. Hardness,
c. Texture, and
d. Cost Effectiveness?

33. 4. Is there a significant difference between the
PARICOSHELL (Scrap Paper, Rice hull, Coconut shell and
Leaves, Eggshell, Peanut shell, and Seashell) Charcoal and the
commercial charcoal (Kakawate Charcoal)in terms of:
a. Flammability,
b. Longevity of char, and
c. Length of time in cooking,
d. Time before charcoal produced fire?

34. Flow Chart
Gathering of Materials
Scrap Paper, Rice Hull, Coconut Shell and Leaves,
Eggshell, Seashell, Peanut Shell, Basin,
Container, Mortar and Pestle, and Hammer
 Drying the coconut shells, seashells, eggshells, peanut shells and rice
hull for 3 days
 Soaking the scrap paper then shredded
 Pounding the dried coconut shells, peanut shells, eggshells, and
seashells.
 Cutting the bamboo leaves into small pieces
 Mixing the shredded scrap paper, rice hull, coconut shells, leaves,
eggshells, seashells and peanut shells
 Drying the mixture for 1 week
PARICOSHELL Charcoal:
An Alternative Fuel

37. TA B L E 1 . S U M M A RY T A B L E O F D I F F E R E N T T R E A T M E N T S D O N E
I N T E R M S O F L E N G T H O F T I M E I N C O O K I N G , L O N G E V I T Y O F
T H E C H A R / F U E L , F L A M M A B I L I T Y A N D T I M E B E F O R E C H A R C OA L
P R O D U C E D F I R E .
T1 T2 T3
100% Seashells,
Leaves, Peanut Shells
and Scrap Paper
SHELEAPEAPAP
Charcoal
½:1:1:4
(250 g.)
100%
Coconut Shell,
Rice Hull, Eggshell,
Scrap Paper
CORIEGGPAP
Charcoal
½:1: ½:6
(250g.)
100%
Scrap Paper, Rice
Hull, Coconut Shell,
Leaves, Eggshell,
Seashell, Peanut Shell
PARICOSHELL
Charcoal
8:1:1:1:1:1:1
(250g.)
Length of Time in
Cooking
60 minutes and 6
seconds
27 minutes and 30
seconds
10 minutes and 57
seconds
Longevity of the Char 13 minutes and 13
seconds
28 minutes and 46
seconds
60 minutes and 27
seconds
Flammability Reddish Yellow
(more intense red
flame)
Yellowish Red
(more intense yellow)
Yellow
(pure yellow)
Time before it
produced Fire
1 minute and 25
seconds
2 minutes and 35
seconds
1 minute and 5
seconds

38. Table 1 shows that Treatment 1 lasted for 60
minutes and 6 seconds in boiling 1L of water. The
longevity of the T1 charcoal is 13 minutes and 13
seconds. The flammability is reddish yellow (more
intense red flame) and the time before it produced
fire is 1 minute and 25 seconds.

39. Treatment 2 lasted for 27 minutes and 30
seconds in boiling 1L of water. The longevity of the
T2 charcoal is 28 minutes and 46 seconds. The
flammability is yellowish red (more intense yellow
flame) and the time before it produced fire is 2
minutes and 35 seconds.

40. Treatment 3 lasted for 10 minutes and
57 seconds in boiling 1 L of water. The
longevity of the T3 charcoal is 60 minutes
and 27 seconds. The flammability is yellow
and the time before it produced fire is 1
minute and 5 seconds.

41. Among all the three treatments,
Treatment 3 is the best among in terms
of length of time in cooking, longevity
of char, flammability and the time
before it produced fire.

42. TA B L E 2 . S UMMA R Y TA B L E O N THE R E S U L T S O F
PA R I C O SHE L L CHA R C OA L IN T E RMS O F PHY S I C A L
A P P E A R A N C E , HA R DN E S S A N D T E X T U R E
TREATMENT 3 Physical Appearance Hardness Texture
PARICOSHELL
(Scrap Paper, Rice
Hull, Coconut
Shell and Leaves,
Eggshell, Peanut
shell and Seashell)
Charcoal: An
Alternative Fuel
(8:1:1:1:1:1:1)
MEAN
RATING
DESCRIPTIVE
RATING
MEAN
RATING
DESCRIPTIVE
RATING
MEAN
RATING
DESCRIPTIVE
RATING
4.74
Very
Highly
Acceptable
4.84
Very
Highly
Acceptable
4.84
Very
Highly
Acceptable

43. Table 2 shows the mean ratings and the descriptive
ratings of the PARICOSHELL Charcoal in terms of Physical
Appearance, Hardness and Texture. It is gleaned in Table 9 that
the PARICOSHELL (Scrap Paper, Rice Hull, Coconut Shell
and Leaves, Eggshell, Peanut shell and Seashell) Charcoal was
rated 4.74 as mean rating which means very highly acceptable in
terms of Physical Appearance.

44. Likewise, the PARICOSHELL (Scrap
Paper, Rice Hull, Coconut Shell and Leaves,
Eggshell, Peanut shell and Seashell) Charcoal
was rated 4.84 as mean rating which means
very highly acceptable in terms of Hardness.

45. Furthermore, Table 2 shows that the
PARICOSHELL (Scrap Paper, Rice Hull,
Coconut Shell and Leaves, Eggshell, Peanut shell
and Seashell) Charcoal was rated 4.84 as mean
rating which means very highly acceptable in
terms of Texture.

46. The overall descriptive rating of the
PARICOSHELL (Scrap Paper, Rice Hull,
Coconut Shell and Leaves, Eggshell, Peanut
shell and Seashell) Charcoal was very highly
acceptable with an average mean rating of
4.81.

47. T A B L E 3 . S U M M A R Y T A B L E O F R E S U L T S D O N E I N T E R M S O F
F L A M M A B I L I T Y, L E N G T H O F T I M E I N C O O K I N G , L O N G E V I T Y O F
T H E C H A R / F U E L , A N D T I M E B E F O R E C H A R C O A L P R O D U C E D
F I R E .
Commercial Charcoal(Kakawate
charcoal) (400 g)
PARICOSHELL Charcoal
(400 g)
Flammability Yellow (pure)
Approximately 5 centimeters
Yellow (pure)
Approximately 14
centimeters
Length of Time in
Cooking
31 minutes 27 minutes
Longevity of the Char 97 minutes(1 hour and 37 minutes) 88 minutes(1 hour and 28
minutes)
Time before it produced
Fire
3 minutes and 6 seconds 1 minute 8 seconds

48. Table 3 shows the summary of the results from the
different tests done. For the flammability test, the
commercial charcoal( Kakawate charcoal) and the
PARICOSHELL charcoal both have yellow colored flames,
but the flame produced by the commercial charcoal has an
approximate height of 5 cm, while the PARICOSHELL
charcoal has an approximate height of 14 cm. The flame
produced by the PARICOSHELL charcoal is taller than the
flame produced by the commercial charcoal.

49. For the length of time in cooking, the
commercial charcoal (Kakawate charcoal)
boiled the water for 31 minutes while the
PARICOSHELL charcoal boiled the water for
27 minutes. PARICOSHELL charcoal is faster
than the commercial charcoal in cooking.

50. The commercial charcoal (Kakawate charcoal) lasted
for 97 minutes (1 hour and 37 minutes) while the
PARICOSHELL charcoal lasted for 88 minutes (1 hour and
28 minutes). The commercial charcoal lasted longer than the
PARICOSHELL charcoal. The commercial charcoal (
Kakawate charcoal) consumed 3 minutes and 6 seconds
before producing fire while the PARICOSHELL charcoal
consumed 1 minute 8 seconds. The PARICOSHELL charcoal
fired up faster than the commercial charcoal.

51. TA B L E 4 . C O S T E F F E C T I V ENE S S B E TWE EN THE
C OMME R C I A L I Z E D CHA R C OA L ( K A K AWA T E
CHA R C OA L ) AND THE PA R I C O SHE L L CHA R C OA L
Product Amount
Commercial Charcoal( Kakawate charcoal) P170.00 (for one sack)
PARICOSHELL (Scrap Paper, Rice Hull,
Coconut Shell and Leaves, Eggshell, Peanut
shell and Seashell) Charcoal: An
Alternative Fuel
P0.00 (since all the
materials were wastes )

52. The PARICOSHELL Charcoal is more
affordable than the commercial one. One sack of
the wood charcoal ( Kakawate charcoal) costs Php
170.00. The alternative fuel, the PARICOSHELL
Charcoal does not involve any amount spent in its
production. All the waste materials used in the
production of this alternative fuel were gathered
from the community.

54. Based on the results of the study, the researchers concluded that
the PARICOSHELL (Scrap Paper, Rice Hull, Coconut Shell, Leaves,
Eggshells, Peanut shells, and Seashells) product is effective in terms of length
of time in cooking, longevity test, flammability, and time before it produced
fire. This charcoal is very highly acceptable in terms of physical appearance,
hardness, and texture. Likewise, the PARICOSHELL (Scrap Paper, Rice Hull,
Coconut Shell, Leaves, Eggshells, Peanut shells, and Seashells) Charcoal as an
alternative fuel is also more affordable than the commercial one because in
the production of PARICOSHELL charcoal there were no expenses
incurred.

55. In the evaluation process between the
PARICOSHELL and the commercial charcoal (Kakawate
Charcoal), the flame produced by the PARICOSHELL
charcoal was taller than the flame produced by the
commercial charcoal. PARICOSHELL charcoal was faster
than the commercial charcoal in boiling water. The
commercial charcoal lasted longer than the PARICOSHELL
charcoal by 9 minutes however, the PARICOSHELL
charcoal fired up faster than the commercial charcoal.

56. The student researchers recommend that further studies should
be conducted to improve the quality of the PARICOSHELL charcoal
for more efficient and better quality product. Likewise, the researchers
also recommend the product to the community as a source of energy
and income. There should also be a PARICOSHELL (Scrap Paper, Rice
Hull, Coconut Shell, Leaves, Eggshell, Seashell, and Peanut Shell)
Charcoal-making in barangays, communities, schools, and other places
so that they can motivate other people to recycle and eventually venture
into business.

57. Machines like a paper shredder, a seashell
crusher, a mixer and a molder may be purchased to
make the production of PARICOSHELL Charcoal
easier, faster and more efficient.
The local government, in partnership with
the Department of Energy, may look into the
ecological and economical benefits of this study
highlighting recycling and livelihood.

58. Further studies may be conducted to determine
some more effects and benefits from this research study.
This study may serve as an idea for livelihood purposes.
Future researchers should also look into the
other chemical contents of the organic materials found
in PARICOSHELL Charcoal. It is further
recommended that the ash of PARICOSHELL
Charcoal be phytochemically analyzed.