1.
How the smart city
solution could help
in urban systems
resilience?
Professor Isam SHAHROUR
Lille University & Tongi University
2nd International Conference « Smart Underground Space & Infrastructures”
Shanghai, 7-9 December 2018

2.
Urban
Hazards
Resilience
Smart
Why do we have to focus on:
• Urban Hazard ?
• Resilience ?
• Smart city solution ?

3.
Why do we have to focus on:
• Urban Hazard ?
• Resilience?
• Smart city solution?

4.
Crisis is becoming the new normal (J. Rodin)
Climate related
Numberof.disasters
1950
2012

5.
Disasters losses in US
https://www.vox.com/energy-and-
environment/2017/12/28/16795490/natural-disasters-2017-hurricanes-
wildfires-heat-climate-change-cost-deaths
1990 2017
Around $360 billion in 2017

6.
ASIA : Economic Loos realted to natural disasters
Between 1900 – 2013 : Around $ 1 120 Billion
Around $ 48.5 billion / year

7.
2014
Urban risk

8.
Macro
Meso
Micro

9.
Papers related to resiliency
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11069-017-3040-y
20141985
Why do we have to focus on:
• Urban Hazard ?
• Resilience?
• Smart city solution?

10.
t0 t1 t2 t3
Disruptive
event
Impact
AppearingSystem
Performances
Time
Recovery phaseDisruptive
phase
Hazard management
Original Level
Early
phase

11.
t0 t1 t2 t3
Disruptive
event
Impact
AppearingSystem
Performances
Time
Recovery phaseDisruptive
phase
Hazard management
Original Level
Early
phase

12.
1) Preparation 2) Early warning
& actions
3) Community & physical
systems adaptation
4) Learn
Event
Impact
Appearing
Recovery phase
Disruptive
phase
Adaptive capabilityAbsorbing
capability
Resilience strategy implementation

13.
1992 2012
Cumulative
papers
number
Smart Cities
Why do we have to focus on:
• Urban Hazard ?
• Resilience?
• Smart city solution?

14.
Smart City
Concern

15.
Chinajects India
100 projects
https://qz.com/998970/kigalis-vision-city-and-lagos-eko-atlantic-are-among-
several-smart-city-initiatives-taking-off-in-africa/
Europe

16.
Inspired from human intelligence
Experience (learning Capacity)
Sensing Cognitive Actions

17.
Urban intelligent system
Sensing Layer
Community
Built-
environment Management
Analysis capacity
(Engineering, IT)
Control layer
Virtuous actions
Information
system
Digital
Model
The city : Socio-technical system

18.
Digital Technology: connect people and things

19.
Smartphone: high sensing capacity

20.
High capacity in data analysis and learning
2017
2018

21.
• See
• Analyze
• Understand
• Operate actions:
• Optimization
• Security
Digital technology in the city

22.
Health, Education
Art, Culture
BIG DATA
digital, images,
movies, audios
More data

23.
Application of the smart city solution to urban resilience
1)Preparation 2)Earlywarning
&actions
3)Community&physical
systemsadaptation
4)Learning
Event
Impact
Appearing
Recovery phase
Disruptive
phase
Adaptive capabilityAbsorbing
capability
Built-
Environment
CommunityManagement
The City

24.
Smart resilience strategy
1) Preparation
Improve the preparation
to urban Hazard

25.
Data from Early
Waning Systems
Data from Smart
Urban Systems
Data for Smart Resilient
Urban system
(Real-time & historical data
Analysis tools
Engineering, safety & Smart City tools
(Big Data, AI)
Holistic early actions
(absorbing)
Holistic recovery &
adaptation actions
Learning form data to improve the
resiliency strategy
2) Early warning & actions
Smart resilience strategy

26.
Earthquake early warning
Japan Italy
March 29, 2018
Flood early warning

27.
2) Early warning & actions
Smart resilience strategy
Data from Early
Waning Systems
Data from Smart
Urban Systems
Data for Smart Resilient
Urban system
(Real-time & historical data
Analysis tools
Engineering, safety & Smart City tools
(Big Data, AI)
Holistic early actions
(absorbing)
Holistic recovery &
adaptation actions
Learning form data to
improve the resiliency
strategy

28.
3) Community &
physical systems
adaptation
Smart resilience strategy

29.
Smart resilience strategy

30.
Illustration through SunRise Smart City demonstrator

31.
Lille University campus: Smart City demonstrator
Small town
• 25 000 users
• 140 Buildings
100 km of urban networks
• Drinking Water
• Sewage
• District Heating
• Gas
• Electrical ( HV, LV)
• Public light

32.
Supported by
+
Construction Companies
+
Urban services providers
+
Start-ups

33.
Platform
Information
System
• Asset Data (GIS, BIM)
Analytics
Web
Server
• Technical staff
• Users
Data transmission:
• Wired
• Wireless
• Buildings
• Urban network
Sensors &
Actuators
• Recorded data (sensors)
Other data
• Environment
• Transport
• Administration
• Other data
SunRise smart city solution

34.
15 km
60 years old
Water system
2 issues :
• Water leak
• Water contamination

35.
Monitoring Data transmission Platform
Storage, Analysis
Display
Visualization
S::CAN
Integrated solution

36.
Monitoring Data transmission Platform
Storage, Analysis
Display
Visualization
DATA ANALYSIS
Water quality control:
• Deviation from the baseline
• Risk assessment
Integrated solution

37.
Water quality control: recorded data

38.
!"#$ = W Likelihood x W (Severity of Consequences)
Risk assessment

39.
Qualitative Risk Assessment
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
01/07/2017 07/07/2017 13/07/2017
Date
Risk Score Turbidity (NTU) Chlorine (mg/l)
Very High
Urgent priority
High
High priority
Moderate
Intermediate priority
Low
Low priority
Turbidity (NTU)
Likelihood
[1-1.5][1.5-3][3-10]>10
Likely(>80%)Moderate(10-80%)Unlikely(4-10%)Rare(<4%)
Chlorine (mg/l)
Severity
[0-0.005][0.005-0.05][0.05-0.2][0.2-0.5]
MajorModerateMinorInsignificant

40.
Conclusion
• Smart City solution provides high capacity to cope with urban
resilience challenges.
• Pilot projects are needed to learn and develop scalable solutions

41.
Thank you for your attention
https://www.linkedin.com/in/ishahrour/