Suche senden
Hochladen
IRJET-Concurrency, Security Issues and Upcoming Challenges to Legal Framework in India
âą
0 gefÀllt mir
âą
57 views
IRJET Journal
Folgen
https://irjet.net/archives/V5/i1/IRJET-V5I143.pdf
Weniger lesen
Mehr lesen
Ingenieurwesen
Melden
Teilen
Melden
Teilen
1 von 4
Jetzt herunterladen
Downloaden Sie, um offline zu lesen
Empfohlen
Legality of bitcoins by Prashant Mali
Legality of bitcoins by Prashant Mali
Adv. Prashant Mali â [Bsc(Phy),MSc(Comp Sci), CCFP,CISSA,LLM]
Â
Legal compliance & taxation outlook of the middle east
Legal compliance & taxation outlook of the middle east
Exchange Development Company
Â
Week 7 - Legal Issues in Blockchain and Cryptocurrencies
Week 7 - Legal Issues in Blockchain and Cryptocurrencies
Roger Royse
Â
5 ways
5 ways
OliviaJune1
Â
The never ending problems of facebook-backed cryptocurrency libra
The never ending problems of facebook-backed cryptocurrency libra
hellenjones2
Â
Blockchain Investment Opportunities
Blockchain Investment Opportunities
InvestingTips
Â
Cryptocurrency- Intoduction and Significances
Cryptocurrency- Intoduction and Significances
Karan Verma
Â
Blockchain: What can it do? quick intro (1)
Blockchain: What can it do? quick intro (1)
Shane Ninai
Â
Empfohlen
Legality of bitcoins by Prashant Mali
Legality of bitcoins by Prashant Mali
Adv. Prashant Mali â [Bsc(Phy),MSc(Comp Sci), CCFP,CISSA,LLM]
Â
Legal compliance & taxation outlook of the middle east
Legal compliance & taxation outlook of the middle east
Exchange Development Company
Â
Week 7 - Legal Issues in Blockchain and Cryptocurrencies
Week 7 - Legal Issues in Blockchain and Cryptocurrencies
Roger Royse
Â
5 ways
5 ways
OliviaJune1
Â
The never ending problems of facebook-backed cryptocurrency libra
The never ending problems of facebook-backed cryptocurrency libra
hellenjones2
Â
Blockchain Investment Opportunities
Blockchain Investment Opportunities
InvestingTips
Â
Cryptocurrency- Intoduction and Significances
Cryptocurrency- Intoduction and Significances
Karan Verma
Â
Blockchain: What can it do? quick intro (1)
Blockchain: What can it do? quick intro (1)
Shane Ninai
Â
Private banker international__january_edition__2018n
Private banker international__january_edition__2018n
saeedkkr
Â
Cryptocurrency & ICO Regulations in US
Cryptocurrency & ICO Regulations in US
Priyab Satoshi
Â
A4: Kasetsart University | FinTech and Contracts (2018)
A4: Kasetsart University | FinTech and Contracts (2018)
Kullarat Phongsathaporn
Â
Know about the best regions for legal crypto business espay exchange
Know about the best regions for legal crypto business espay exchange
Exchange Development Company
Â
Union of bitcoin and APIs
Union of bitcoin and APIs
BBVA API Market
Â
Blockchain and cryptocurrencies a presentation by Loeb Smith Attorneys
Blockchain and cryptocurrencies a presentation by Loeb Smith Attorneys
Loeb Smith Attorneys
Â
How Cryptocurrency is affecting the Indian economy
How Cryptocurrency is affecting the Indian economy
OliviaJune1
Â
Blockchain - Use Cases for The Nigerian Economy and Potential Legal Risks
Blockchain - Use Cases for The Nigerian Economy and Potential Legal Risks
Rilwan Shittu
Â
Indian crypto ecosystem garnering international attention despite rbi fiasco
Indian crypto ecosystem garnering international attention despite rbi fiasco
hellenjones2
Â
Week 4 - DApps, Smart Contracts, and Decentralized Incentive Systems
Week 4 - DApps, Smart Contracts, and Decentralized Incentive Systems
Roger Royse
Â
B20: AMLO | FinTecha and New Technologies: AML/CTF Perspectives (5 Jul 2017)
B20: AMLO | FinTecha and New Technologies: AML/CTF Perspectives (5 Jul 2017)
Kullarat Phongsathaporn
Â
Introduction to Blockchain, Cryptocurrency & Altcoins
Introduction to Blockchain, Cryptocurrency & Altcoins
ChampikeMunasinghe
Â
Introduction to the World of Cryptocurrency (Summary)
Introduction to the World of Cryptocurrency (Summary)
Syeirabani Hatta
Â
Philippines announces the new cryptocurrency regulatory framework
Philippines announces the new cryptocurrency regulatory framework
Blockchain Council
Â
From Bitcoin to Blockchain: Industry Review April 2017 from OLMA NEXT Ltd
From Bitcoin to Blockchain: Industry Review April 2017 from OLMA NEXT Ltd
OLMA Capital Management
Â
IRJET- Fall of Cryptocurrency
IRJET- Fall of Cryptocurrency
IRJET Journal
Â
Deloitte bitcoin-guide-corporates-investing-in-crypto-microstrategy
Deloitte bitcoin-guide-corporates-investing-in-crypto-microstrategy
Rein Mahatma
Â
Unmasking blockchain finance
Unmasking blockchain finance
Blockchain and CryptoAsset (K) Ltd.
Â
Cryptocurrency.pdf
Cryptocurrency.pdf
farkhanda 243
Â
CRYPTOCURRENCY :HOW IT'S WORK,ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES.pdf
CRYPTOCURRENCY :HOW IT'S WORK,ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES.pdf
Bharata chandra Sahu
Â
A Survey on Crypto Currencies
A Survey on Crypto Currencies
idescitation
Â
suraj seminar 2022.pptx
suraj seminar 2022.pptx
IshikaJaiswal23
Â
Weitere Àhnliche Inhalte
Was ist angesagt?
Private banker international__january_edition__2018n
Private banker international__january_edition__2018n
saeedkkr
Â
Cryptocurrency & ICO Regulations in US
Cryptocurrency & ICO Regulations in US
Priyab Satoshi
Â
A4: Kasetsart University | FinTech and Contracts (2018)
A4: Kasetsart University | FinTech and Contracts (2018)
Kullarat Phongsathaporn
Â
Know about the best regions for legal crypto business espay exchange
Know about the best regions for legal crypto business espay exchange
Exchange Development Company
Â
Union of bitcoin and APIs
Union of bitcoin and APIs
BBVA API Market
Â
Blockchain and cryptocurrencies a presentation by Loeb Smith Attorneys
Blockchain and cryptocurrencies a presentation by Loeb Smith Attorneys
Loeb Smith Attorneys
Â
How Cryptocurrency is affecting the Indian economy
How Cryptocurrency is affecting the Indian economy
OliviaJune1
Â
Blockchain - Use Cases for The Nigerian Economy and Potential Legal Risks
Blockchain - Use Cases for The Nigerian Economy and Potential Legal Risks
Rilwan Shittu
Â
Indian crypto ecosystem garnering international attention despite rbi fiasco
Indian crypto ecosystem garnering international attention despite rbi fiasco
hellenjones2
Â
Week 4 - DApps, Smart Contracts, and Decentralized Incentive Systems
Week 4 - DApps, Smart Contracts, and Decentralized Incentive Systems
Roger Royse
Â
B20: AMLO | FinTecha and New Technologies: AML/CTF Perspectives (5 Jul 2017)
B20: AMLO | FinTecha and New Technologies: AML/CTF Perspectives (5 Jul 2017)
Kullarat Phongsathaporn
Â
Introduction to Blockchain, Cryptocurrency & Altcoins
Introduction to Blockchain, Cryptocurrency & Altcoins
ChampikeMunasinghe
Â
Introduction to the World of Cryptocurrency (Summary)
Introduction to the World of Cryptocurrency (Summary)
Syeirabani Hatta
Â
Philippines announces the new cryptocurrency regulatory framework
Philippines announces the new cryptocurrency regulatory framework
Blockchain Council
Â
From Bitcoin to Blockchain: Industry Review April 2017 from OLMA NEXT Ltd
From Bitcoin to Blockchain: Industry Review April 2017 from OLMA NEXT Ltd
OLMA Capital Management
Â
IRJET- Fall of Cryptocurrency
IRJET- Fall of Cryptocurrency
IRJET Journal
Â
Deloitte bitcoin-guide-corporates-investing-in-crypto-microstrategy
Deloitte bitcoin-guide-corporates-investing-in-crypto-microstrategy
Rein Mahatma
Â
Unmasking blockchain finance
Unmasking blockchain finance
Blockchain and CryptoAsset (K) Ltd.
Â
Was ist angesagt?
(18)
Private banker international__january_edition__2018n
Private banker international__january_edition__2018n
Â
Cryptocurrency & ICO Regulations in US
Cryptocurrency & ICO Regulations in US
Â
A4: Kasetsart University | FinTech and Contracts (2018)
A4: Kasetsart University | FinTech and Contracts (2018)
Â
Know about the best regions for legal crypto business espay exchange
Know about the best regions for legal crypto business espay exchange
Â
Union of bitcoin and APIs
Union of bitcoin and APIs
Â
Blockchain and cryptocurrencies a presentation by Loeb Smith Attorneys
Blockchain and cryptocurrencies a presentation by Loeb Smith Attorneys
Â
How Cryptocurrency is affecting the Indian economy
How Cryptocurrency is affecting the Indian economy
Â
Blockchain - Use Cases for The Nigerian Economy and Potential Legal Risks
Blockchain - Use Cases for The Nigerian Economy and Potential Legal Risks
Â
Indian crypto ecosystem garnering international attention despite rbi fiasco
Indian crypto ecosystem garnering international attention despite rbi fiasco
Â
Week 4 - DApps, Smart Contracts, and Decentralized Incentive Systems
Week 4 - DApps, Smart Contracts, and Decentralized Incentive Systems
Â
B20: AMLO | FinTecha and New Technologies: AML/CTF Perspectives (5 Jul 2017)
B20: AMLO | FinTecha and New Technologies: AML/CTF Perspectives (5 Jul 2017)
Â
Introduction to Blockchain, Cryptocurrency & Altcoins
Introduction to Blockchain, Cryptocurrency & Altcoins
Â
Introduction to the World of Cryptocurrency (Summary)
Introduction to the World of Cryptocurrency (Summary)
Â
Philippines announces the new cryptocurrency regulatory framework
Philippines announces the new cryptocurrency regulatory framework
Â
From Bitcoin to Blockchain: Industry Review April 2017 from OLMA NEXT Ltd
From Bitcoin to Blockchain: Industry Review April 2017 from OLMA NEXT Ltd
Â
IRJET- Fall of Cryptocurrency
IRJET- Fall of Cryptocurrency
Â
Deloitte bitcoin-guide-corporates-investing-in-crypto-microstrategy
Deloitte bitcoin-guide-corporates-investing-in-crypto-microstrategy
Â
Unmasking blockchain finance
Unmasking blockchain finance
Â
Ăhnlich wie IRJET-Concurrency, Security Issues and Upcoming Challenges to Legal Framework in India
Cryptocurrency.pdf
Cryptocurrency.pdf
farkhanda 243
Â
CRYPTOCURRENCY :HOW IT'S WORK,ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES.pdf
CRYPTOCURRENCY :HOW IT'S WORK,ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES.pdf
Bharata chandra Sahu
Â
A Survey on Crypto Currencies
A Survey on Crypto Currencies
idescitation
Â
suraj seminar 2022.pptx
suraj seminar 2022.pptx
IshikaJaiswal23
Â
Paper: Crypto Currency Mining
Paper: Crypto Currency Mining
Hugo Rodrigues
Â
An Introduction into Cryptocurrencies_ Understanding the Future of Digital Cu...
An Introduction into Cryptocurrencies_ Understanding the Future of Digital Cu...
Niall O'Riordan
Â
Cryptocurrency: Revolutionizing the Financial Landscape
Cryptocurrency: Revolutionizing the Financial Landscape
cyberprosocial
Â
EGppt.pptx
EGppt.pptx
Sandeepkumar878607
Â
CRYPTOCURRENCY TO REVOLUTIONIZE FINANCIAL SERVICE INDUSTRY.pdf
CRYPTOCURRENCY TO REVOLUTIONIZE FINANCIAL SERVICE INDUSTRY.pdf
OliviaThomas57
Â
CRYPTOCURRENCY TO REVOLUTIONIZE FINANCIAL SERVICE INDUSTRY.pptx
CRYPTOCURRENCY TO REVOLUTIONIZE FINANCIAL SERVICE INDUSTRY.pptx
OliviaThomas57
Â
âAs a layperson -let us understand- cryptocurrency and how it works.pdf
âAs a layperson -let us understand- cryptocurrency and how it works.pdf
RAVI TIKU
Â
Crypto Quantum Leap
Crypto Quantum Leap
BashkaFourever
Â
Analysis of crypto industry
Analysis of crypto industry
Ikin Solihin
Â
crypto.pdf
crypto.pdf
MariahLove3
Â
crypto is the power of today
crypto is the power of today
thinksmater
Â
Business Analysis.pptx
Business Analysis.pptx
AlexKalsoft
Â
Cryptocurrency Advantages and Disadvantages
Cryptocurrency Advantages and Disadvantages
ijtsrd
Â
IRJET- Crypto-Currencies How Secure are they?
IRJET- Crypto-Currencies How Secure are they?
IRJET Journal
Â
CryptoImpact.docx
CryptoImpact.docx
MuskanRath1
Â
Cryptocurrenty and Blockchain - SSMRV.pptx
Cryptocurrenty and Blockchain - SSMRV.pptx
ChristopherDevakumar1
Â
Ăhnlich wie IRJET-Concurrency, Security Issues and Upcoming Challenges to Legal Framework in India
(20)
Cryptocurrency.pdf
Cryptocurrency.pdf
Â
CRYPTOCURRENCY :HOW IT'S WORK,ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES.pdf
CRYPTOCURRENCY :HOW IT'S WORK,ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES.pdf
Â
A Survey on Crypto Currencies
A Survey on Crypto Currencies
Â
suraj seminar 2022.pptx
suraj seminar 2022.pptx
Â
Paper: Crypto Currency Mining
Paper: Crypto Currency Mining
Â
An Introduction into Cryptocurrencies_ Understanding the Future of Digital Cu...
An Introduction into Cryptocurrencies_ Understanding the Future of Digital Cu...
Â
Cryptocurrency: Revolutionizing the Financial Landscape
Cryptocurrency: Revolutionizing the Financial Landscape
Â
EGppt.pptx
EGppt.pptx
Â
CRYPTOCURRENCY TO REVOLUTIONIZE FINANCIAL SERVICE INDUSTRY.pdf
CRYPTOCURRENCY TO REVOLUTIONIZE FINANCIAL SERVICE INDUSTRY.pdf
Â
CRYPTOCURRENCY TO REVOLUTIONIZE FINANCIAL SERVICE INDUSTRY.pptx
CRYPTOCURRENCY TO REVOLUTIONIZE FINANCIAL SERVICE INDUSTRY.pptx
Â
âAs a layperson -let us understand- cryptocurrency and how it works.pdf
âAs a layperson -let us understand- cryptocurrency and how it works.pdf
Â
Crypto Quantum Leap
Crypto Quantum Leap
Â
Analysis of crypto industry
Analysis of crypto industry
Â
crypto.pdf
crypto.pdf
Â
crypto is the power of today
crypto is the power of today
Â
Business Analysis.pptx
Business Analysis.pptx
Â
Cryptocurrency Advantages and Disadvantages
Cryptocurrency Advantages and Disadvantages
Â
IRJET- Crypto-Currencies How Secure are they?
IRJET- Crypto-Currencies How Secure are they?
Â
CryptoImpact.docx
CryptoImpact.docx
Â
Cryptocurrenty and Blockchain - SSMRV.pptx
Cryptocurrenty and Blockchain - SSMRV.pptx
Â
Mehr von IRJET Journal
TUNNELING IN HIMALAYAS WITH NATM METHOD: A SPECIAL REFERENCES TO SUNGAL TUNNE...
TUNNELING IN HIMALAYAS WITH NATM METHOD: A SPECIAL REFERENCES TO SUNGAL TUNNE...
IRJET Journal
Â
STUDY THE EFFECT OF RESPONSE REDUCTION FACTOR ON RC FRAMED STRUCTURE
STUDY THE EFFECT OF RESPONSE REDUCTION FACTOR ON RC FRAMED STRUCTURE
IRJET Journal
Â
A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF RCC ELEMENT OF SLAB WITH STARK STEEL (HYSD STEEL) A...
A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF RCC ELEMENT OF SLAB WITH STARK STEEL (HYSD STEEL) A...
IRJET Journal
Â
Effect of Camber and Angles of Attack on Airfoil Characteristics
Effect of Camber and Angles of Attack on Airfoil Characteristics
IRJET Journal
Â
A Review on the Progress and Challenges of Aluminum-Based Metal Matrix Compos...
A Review on the Progress and Challenges of Aluminum-Based Metal Matrix Compos...
IRJET Journal
Â
Dynamic Urban Transit Optimization: A Graph Neural Network Approach for Real-...
Dynamic Urban Transit Optimization: A Graph Neural Network Approach for Real-...
IRJET Journal
Â
Structural Analysis and Design of Multi-Storey Symmetric and Asymmetric Shape...
Structural Analysis and Design of Multi-Storey Symmetric and Asymmetric Shape...
IRJET Journal
Â
A Review of âSeismic Response of RC Structures Having Plan and Vertical Irreg...
A Review of âSeismic Response of RC Structures Having Plan and Vertical Irreg...
IRJET Journal
Â
A REVIEW ON MACHINE LEARNING IN ADAS
A REVIEW ON MACHINE LEARNING IN ADAS
IRJET Journal
Â
Long Term Trend Analysis of Precipitation and Temperature for Asosa district,...
Long Term Trend Analysis of Precipitation and Temperature for Asosa district,...
IRJET Journal
Â
P.E.B. Framed Structure Design and Analysis Using STAAD Pro
P.E.B. Framed Structure Design and Analysis Using STAAD Pro
IRJET Journal
Â
A Review on Innovative Fiber Integration for Enhanced Reinforcement of Concre...
A Review on Innovative Fiber Integration for Enhanced Reinforcement of Concre...
IRJET Journal
Â
Survey Paper on Cloud-Based Secured Healthcare System
Survey Paper on Cloud-Based Secured Healthcare System
IRJET Journal
Â
Review on studies and research on widening of existing concrete bridges
Review on studies and research on widening of existing concrete bridges
IRJET Journal
Â
React based fullstack edtech web application
React based fullstack edtech web application
IRJET Journal
Â
A Comprehensive Review of Integrating IoT and Blockchain Technologies in the ...
A Comprehensive Review of Integrating IoT and Blockchain Technologies in the ...
IRJET Journal
Â
A REVIEW ON THE PERFORMANCE OF COCONUT FIBRE REINFORCED CONCRETE.
A REVIEW ON THE PERFORMANCE OF COCONUT FIBRE REINFORCED CONCRETE.
IRJET Journal
Â
Optimizing Business Management Process Workflows: The Dynamic Influence of Mi...
Optimizing Business Management Process Workflows: The Dynamic Influence of Mi...
IRJET Journal
Â
Multistoried and Multi Bay Steel Building Frame by using Seismic Design
Multistoried and Multi Bay Steel Building Frame by using Seismic Design
IRJET Journal
Â
Cost Optimization of Construction Using Plastic Waste as a Sustainable Constr...
Cost Optimization of Construction Using Plastic Waste as a Sustainable Constr...
IRJET Journal
Â
Mehr von IRJET Journal
(20)
TUNNELING IN HIMALAYAS WITH NATM METHOD: A SPECIAL REFERENCES TO SUNGAL TUNNE...
TUNNELING IN HIMALAYAS WITH NATM METHOD: A SPECIAL REFERENCES TO SUNGAL TUNNE...
Â
STUDY THE EFFECT OF RESPONSE REDUCTION FACTOR ON RC FRAMED STRUCTURE
STUDY THE EFFECT OF RESPONSE REDUCTION FACTOR ON RC FRAMED STRUCTURE
Â
A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF RCC ELEMENT OF SLAB WITH STARK STEEL (HYSD STEEL) A...
A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF RCC ELEMENT OF SLAB WITH STARK STEEL (HYSD STEEL) A...
Â
Effect of Camber and Angles of Attack on Airfoil Characteristics
Effect of Camber and Angles of Attack on Airfoil Characteristics
Â
A Review on the Progress and Challenges of Aluminum-Based Metal Matrix Compos...
A Review on the Progress and Challenges of Aluminum-Based Metal Matrix Compos...
Â
Dynamic Urban Transit Optimization: A Graph Neural Network Approach for Real-...
Dynamic Urban Transit Optimization: A Graph Neural Network Approach for Real-...
Â
Structural Analysis and Design of Multi-Storey Symmetric and Asymmetric Shape...
Structural Analysis and Design of Multi-Storey Symmetric and Asymmetric Shape...
Â
A Review of âSeismic Response of RC Structures Having Plan and Vertical Irreg...
A Review of âSeismic Response of RC Structures Having Plan and Vertical Irreg...
Â
A REVIEW ON MACHINE LEARNING IN ADAS
A REVIEW ON MACHINE LEARNING IN ADAS
Â
Long Term Trend Analysis of Precipitation and Temperature for Asosa district,...
Long Term Trend Analysis of Precipitation and Temperature for Asosa district,...
Â
P.E.B. Framed Structure Design and Analysis Using STAAD Pro
P.E.B. Framed Structure Design and Analysis Using STAAD Pro
Â
A Review on Innovative Fiber Integration for Enhanced Reinforcement of Concre...
A Review on Innovative Fiber Integration for Enhanced Reinforcement of Concre...
Â
Survey Paper on Cloud-Based Secured Healthcare System
Survey Paper on Cloud-Based Secured Healthcare System
Â
Review on studies and research on widening of existing concrete bridges
Review on studies and research on widening of existing concrete bridges
Â
React based fullstack edtech web application
React based fullstack edtech web application
Â
A Comprehensive Review of Integrating IoT and Blockchain Technologies in the ...
A Comprehensive Review of Integrating IoT and Blockchain Technologies in the ...
Â
A REVIEW ON THE PERFORMANCE OF COCONUT FIBRE REINFORCED CONCRETE.
A REVIEW ON THE PERFORMANCE OF COCONUT FIBRE REINFORCED CONCRETE.
Â
Optimizing Business Management Process Workflows: The Dynamic Influence of Mi...
Optimizing Business Management Process Workflows: The Dynamic Influence of Mi...
Â
Multistoried and Multi Bay Steel Building Frame by using Seismic Design
Multistoried and Multi Bay Steel Building Frame by using Seismic Design
Â
Cost Optimization of Construction Using Plastic Waste as a Sustainable Constr...
Cost Optimization of Construction Using Plastic Waste as a Sustainable Constr...
Â
KĂŒrzlich hochgeladen
home automation using Arduino by Aditya Prasad
home automation using Arduino by Aditya Prasad
aditya806802
Â
Virtual memory management in Operating System
Virtual memory management in Operating System
Rashmi Bhat
Â
BSNL Internship Training presentation.pptx
BSNL Internship Training presentation.pptx
NiranjanYadav41
Â
Risk Management in Engineering Construction Project
Risk Management in Engineering Construction Project
Erbil Polytechnic University
Â
System Simulation and Modelling with types and Event Scheduling
System Simulation and Modelling with types and Event Scheduling
BootNeck1
Â
Unit7-DC_Motors nkkjnsdkfnfcdfknfdgfggfg
Unit7-DC_Motors nkkjnsdkfnfcdfknfdgfggfg
saravananr517913
Â
Ch10-Global Supply Chain - Cadena de Suministro.pdf
Ch10-Global Supply Chain - Cadena de Suministro.pdf
ChristianCDAM
Â
Earthing details of Electrical Substation
Earthing details of Electrical Substation
stephanwindworld
Â
multiple access in wireless communication
multiple access in wireless communication
panditadesh123
Â
Designing pile caps according to ACI 318-19.pptx
Designing pile caps according to ACI 318-19.pptx
Erbil Polytechnic University
Â
IVE Industry Focused Event - Defence Sector 2024
IVE Industry Focused Event - Defence Sector 2024
Mark Billinghurst
Â
young call girls in Green Parkđ 9953056974 đ escort Service
young call girls in Green Parkđ 9953056974 đ escort Service
9953056974 Low Rate Call Girls In Saket, Delhi NCR
Â
Input Output Management in Operating System
Input Output Management in Operating System
Rashmi Bhat
Â
POWER SYSTEMS-1 Complete notes examples
POWER SYSTEMS-1 Complete notes examples
Dr. Gudipudi Nageswara Rao
Â
Transport layer issues and challenges - Guide
Transport layer issues and challenges - Guide
GOPINATHS437943
Â
Katarzyna Lipka-Sidor - BIM School Course
Katarzyna Lipka-Sidor - BIM School Course
bim.edu.pl
Â
Design and analysis of solar grass cutter.pdf
Design and analysis of solar grass cutter.pdf
Tagore Institute of Engineering And Technology
Â
TechTACÂź CFD Report Summary: A Comparison of Two Types of Tubing Anchor Catchers
TechTACÂź CFD Report Summary: A Comparison of Two Types of Tubing Anchor Catchers
sdickerson1
Â
Research Methodology for Engineering pdf
Research Methodology for Engineering pdf
CaalaaAbdulkerim
Â
Mine Environment II Lab_MI10448MI__________.pptx
Mine Environment II Lab_MI10448MI__________.pptx
Romil Mishra
Â
KĂŒrzlich hochgeladen
(20)
home automation using Arduino by Aditya Prasad
home automation using Arduino by Aditya Prasad
Â
Virtual memory management in Operating System
Virtual memory management in Operating System
Â
BSNL Internship Training presentation.pptx
BSNL Internship Training presentation.pptx
Â
Risk Management in Engineering Construction Project
Risk Management in Engineering Construction Project
Â
System Simulation and Modelling with types and Event Scheduling
System Simulation and Modelling with types and Event Scheduling
Â
Unit7-DC_Motors nkkjnsdkfnfcdfknfdgfggfg
Unit7-DC_Motors nkkjnsdkfnfcdfknfdgfggfg
Â
Ch10-Global Supply Chain - Cadena de Suministro.pdf
Ch10-Global Supply Chain - Cadena de Suministro.pdf
Â
Earthing details of Electrical Substation
Earthing details of Electrical Substation
Â
multiple access in wireless communication
multiple access in wireless communication
Â
Designing pile caps according to ACI 318-19.pptx
Designing pile caps according to ACI 318-19.pptx
Â
IVE Industry Focused Event - Defence Sector 2024
IVE Industry Focused Event - Defence Sector 2024
Â
young call girls in Green Parkđ 9953056974 đ escort Service
young call girls in Green Parkđ 9953056974 đ escort Service
Â
Input Output Management in Operating System
Input Output Management in Operating System
Â
POWER SYSTEMS-1 Complete notes examples
POWER SYSTEMS-1 Complete notes examples
Â
Transport layer issues and challenges - Guide
Transport layer issues and challenges - Guide
Â
Katarzyna Lipka-Sidor - BIM School Course
Katarzyna Lipka-Sidor - BIM School Course
Â
Design and analysis of solar grass cutter.pdf
Design and analysis of solar grass cutter.pdf
Â
TechTACÂź CFD Report Summary: A Comparison of Two Types of Tubing Anchor Catchers
TechTACÂź CFD Report Summary: A Comparison of Two Types of Tubing Anchor Catchers
Â
Research Methodology for Engineering pdf
Research Methodology for Engineering pdf
Â
Mine Environment II Lab_MI10448MI__________.pptx
Mine Environment II Lab_MI10448MI__________.pptx
Â
IRJET-Concurrency, Security Issues and Upcoming Challenges to Legal Framework in India
1.
International Research Journal
of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056 Volume: 05 Issue: 01 | Jan-2018 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072 © 2018, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 6.171 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 212 Cryptocurrency, Security Issues and Upcoming Challenges to Legal Framework in India Paras Vishwakarma1, Mr. Zohaib Khan2, Dr. Taruna Jain3 1MS Scholar, UIT-BU, Bhopal, M.P., India 2Asst. Professor, UIT-BU, Bhopal, M.P., India 3HoD, MS-CLIS, UIT-BU, Bhopal, M.P., India MS Cyber Laws & Information Security, Barkatullah University, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India ---------------------------------------------------------------------***--------------------------------------------------------------------- Abstract - Virtual Currencies and cryptocurrency is a new digital addition to the cyber world as well as global financial system that has not yet been fully administered into the legal structure of many nations across the globe. There are many legal aspects of Bitcoin and cryptocurrency in general to consider. The umbrella term Virtual Currency is often used to denote bitcoins and other cryptocurrencies. With Virtual currencies such as bitcoins and etherium becoming more and more popular, the amount of money that goes into these currencies grows substantially. This also implies that more and more of these currencies are becoming targetsforsecurity breach, money laundering, banking privacy, and other cyber securities regulations. Recently SecuritiesandExchangeBoard of Indiaâs (SEBI) formed âCommittee on Financial and Regulatory Technologies (CFRT)â which suggested that it is crucial to regulate transactions involving cryptocurrencies to ensure that Indiaâs public issue norms are not breached.There is also the possibility of undermining private placementnorms by collecting money from random individuals through bitcoin exchanges. There is a discussion going on over the regulation and handling of issues associated with Virtual currencies in many countries including India which includes creation of a proper legal framework for the said purpose. It is now become a necessity to regulate the trade and exchange of cryptocurrencies such as Bitcoin by intermediariesfacilitating these transfers, including operators of online wallets, gateways and exchanges. Key Words: Cryptocurrency, Virtual Currency, Blockchain, Bitcoin, Cyber Security, Transaction Security,DigitalWallets, Money Laundering, Tax Evasion, Distributed Ledger 1. INTRODUCTION In this section of the paper, we will discuss about what a virtual currency is and how the exchange, transaction or trade takes place using virtual currencies. The term "virtual currency" refers to a medium of exchange existing entirely in intangible form that is not a legal tender but can be substituted for legal tenders. Older forms of "currency" that are not "legal tender" include paper-based currency substitutes, such as military scrip and depression scrip. In recent times, the term "virtual currency" has developed an added connotation that it exists only in an electronic or digital form and is used only as a medium of exchange between membersof an online or virtual currency community. Virtual currenciesmay beusedforonlinegames, social media, or corporate loyalty programs for buying virtual goods or redeem prizes. The table below shows a generalized classification of virtual currencies. Table 1 Classification of Virtual Currencies Centralized Decentralized Convertible e-Gold, Wallet reward cashbacks etc. Etherium, Bitcoin, Litecoin etc. Non- Convertible In-game currency, Reward Points, Loyalty bonus points, Fly Miles etc. No current example exist A subset of virtualcurrency is "cryptocurrency,"bywhich we mean an internet-based virtual currency in which the ownership of a particular unit of value is validated using cryptography. Its value variesby itsmovementinthemarket. As against commodity based currencies which derives its intrinsic value through the central authority, cryptocurrencies are not legal tender and, thus, their use requires the agreement among parties for a transaction. For example, Bitcoins have no physical presence and their ownership is by entries in a exhaustive database known as the "block chain," which is maintained over a peer-to-peer network. According to the Wikipedia âa cryptocurrency (or crypto currency) is a digital asset designed to work as a medium of exchange that uses cryptography tosecureitstransactions,to control the creation of additional units, and to verify the transfer of assets.â Bitcoin, created in 2009, was the first decentralized cryptocurrency. Since then, numerous other cryptocurrencies have come to realization. These are frequently called âaltcoins âor âbitcoin alternativeâ. These crypto-currencies use decentralized control as opposed to centralized electronic money/central banking systems. The decentralized control is related to the use of bitcoin's blockchain based transaction database in the role ofaDLTor Distributed Ledger Technology. The transactionof cryptocurrenciestook place through a signed piece of data that is broadcast to the network and, if
2.
International Research Journal
of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056 Volume: 05 Issue: 01 | Jan-2018 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072 © 2018, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 6.171 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 213 valid, ends up in a block in the blockchain for the purpose of transferring the ownership of an amount of cryptocurrency to a designated digital address. The diagram below shows basic steps involved in a transaction. Fig.1 Steps involved in a cryptocurrency transaction 2. LEGAL ASPECTS AND ISSUES ASSOCIATED WITH CRYPTO-CURRENCIES Virtual currencies have various legal aspects to consider depending on the country. Some countries classify them as money and legal, some classify them as an asset and legal, while some countries likeIndia classifythemasneitherillegal nor legal,with nolegalframeworksinplace.Incountriessuch as Bangladesh and Russia, bitcoin is made illegal. In other countries its status is somewhat complicated. Forexample,it is illegal for commercialuse in China but legal forindividuals use as they please. In some countries cryptocurrencies are banned due to laws already in place, such as Iceland. In India however like many other nations, cryptocurrencies donât have any legal framework in place at the moment and are unregulated. Legal concerns associated with Cryptocurrencies are as follows, 1). Decentralized nature: Unlikegovernmentissued currency (i.e. Banknotes,coins etc.) which are direct under issuing authorityâs control and which draws its value from issuing authorityâs promise and gold stored, Cryptocurrencies are decentralized in nature which makes them hard to be regulated by the government. 2). Absence of a well-defined legal framework: Most countries lack a proper legal framework to control the value and flow of virtual currencies inside as well as in and out of the country which further creates hurdles to govern over a decentralized currency. 3). Volatility of Virtual Currencies: As can be seen from recent changes in the value of most famous cryptocurrency bitcoin which have base value of $ 0.30 in 2010 and rose to almost $ 4000 in 2017, virtual currencies follow a volatile track of ups and downs which further introduce instability in the market and economy. 4). Independent Wallets: Wallets holding cryptocurrencies and involved in transactions are created and managed by private corporations which have no control of any agency due to absence of any international binding lawsinplace.Sotheydo nothave any liability in case of customerâslossaswell asany type of financial crime committed by and through the use of these wallets. 5). Taxation: The matter of taxation is one of the main concern regarding cryptocurrencies. Due totheirpseudoanonymityif used correctly, they can easily beemployedforthepurposeof tax evasion by means of hiding assets. Cryptocurrencies are often classified as a taxable asset, such as in the U.S. While bringing large sums of foreign currency into a country can destabilise its economy and can cause issues of taxation, it also introducesvolatility in the financialmarket.Onlineroute of bringing and storingof cryptocurrenciesmakesit easierto bring them across border checkpoints, where they can be cashed out when inside the country, effectively evading border taxes. Loopholes present in the legal and taxation system of some countriesallowsa persontoutilize featureof cryptocurrencies such as anonymity and absence of or obsolete or improperly implemented systems concerning cryptocurrencies. 6). Money Laundering: Money laundering is typically consideredwhiledesigning legal framework of a country when Cryptocurrency is discussed. But since its advent, many nations are struggling with issues regarding money laundering through cryptocurrencies. Money Laundering is a key legal complication with these kind of currencies due to the ease of their movement between countries with little or no overseeing. While institutions can track virtual currency bought through banks, it becomes difficult when cash or other hard to trace methods are used buy or sell the coins. Other security issued associated with cryptocurrency trading are as follows, A. Spoofing and Phishing Payment Information: As with the ordinary e-money, phishing attacks also affect cryptocurrency users as they can be redirected to a fake website requiring them to enter user id and
3.
International Research Journal
of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056 Volume: 05 Issue: 01 | Jan-2018 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072 © 2018, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 6.171 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 214 passwords of their crypto-wallet. While spoofing of transaction can be performed by an attacker when a user tries to copy the wallet address for transaction which is replaced by malware and the user is not aware of the changes since not everyone is vigilant to double check a long address copied by them. B. Error in User Address: There is also a risk of potential loss when an error is made in the recipient address which can results in loss of money. For example, in case of Ethereum, if some of the last digits of the recipient address is entered wrong by mistake, the money will disappear into void or would be transferred to the exact address but the multiplied by 256 in value intended will be transacted. C. Loss of a Wallet File: Oneof themajor problemsin the cryptocurrencies is the lossor the theft of local wallet files due to hard disk crash or other interruptions. So it is generally advised to make paper wallet to store local passwords or a backup hardware wallet. D. Insecure ICOs: Investing in cryptocurrency- Fundraising through virtual currencies can be done via Initial Coin Offering (ICO). An ICO is generally issued to raise a lump sum amount of funds through buying and selling of cryptocurrency which requires just an Internet connection. Absence of risk-free access mechanism to regulate the cryptocurrency market to track down and de-anonymize a payee on the cryptocurrency market is another hurdle when handling virtual currencies. E. Payment Gateway Hacking: Hacking can be done through convincing thehosting provider that they are the real domainownersandtheninterceptingthecash flows. Manywell-known financial serviceshave fallen prey to such kind of tactics employed by hackers. F. Fraud at the Trading Exchange: With the popularity and recent pricerise of bitcoin, many future exchange and trading platforms are budding out across the globe. These trading exchanges store public and private keys of all their customersâ wallets in their local servers. If in any case, a trading exchange provider decides to run away with all their usersâ cryptocurrencies. Then due to lack of regulations and legal frameworks, there is not much that can be done against such crimes, which in turnputs alltradersinto vulnerable situation. 3. PRECAUTIONARY MEASURES AND INITIATIVES BY REGULATORY AUTHORITIES AND GOVT. AGENCIES The legal status of Virtual Currencies varies vastly from country to country and is still undefined or undergoing changes in many of them. Whilst many countries do not make the usage of cryptocurrencies illegal, its status as money (or a commodity) differs, with varying regulatory implications. While some countries have explicitly allowed its use and trade, others have restricted or banned its use in any manner. Similarly, different government agencies, departments, and courts have a difference in opinions about cryptocurrencies. For example, in India, U.K., Brazil etc. cryptocurrencies are unregulated because of no legal framework is yet in place, or its use has been deregulated and is free to use with no or minor legal restrictions. While in countries such as France, Finland and Germany these are regulated and use is legal but specifically regulatedfortaxor other purposes, and in some casesclassed asmoney.Insome countriescryptocurrencyâsuse is restrictedbutlegalinsome circumstances like in China, individuals may transact, while corporations and banks cannot, mining is legal. In Iceland buying or selling bitcoins is illegal but they can be mined. Nations like Russia, Bangladesh and Ecuador have banned bitcoins outright. Recently CME Group Inc. in U.S. has opened future exchange in bitcoins while SEBI, India formed a Committee on Financial and Regulatory Technologies (CFRT) to examine, deliberate and advice it on the matters pertaining to cryptocurrencies. Reserve Bank of India also has issued warnings to users involved in bitcoin trading about the volatile nature of cryptocurrencies. Some suggestions and precautionary measures for cryptocurrency holders and crypto-investors are given below, 1) Always verify a Web walletâs address, and avoid following suspicious links to an Internet bank or Web wallet. 2) Before transacting, always double-check the recipientâs address, the amount entered, details of transaction fees and other charges. 3) Prepare a secondary option to recover forgotten account passwordsand other detailsaswellaskeep them safe and private. 4) Crypto-investment are risky. So common practices must be followed while investing like diversified investment, reliability of the providersand a strong mind-set to deal with unforeseen circumstances. 5) Use cryptocurrency hardware wallets and paper wallets is advised. Use good antivirus programs to protect the computers and devices used to access crypto-wallets, and other activities involving cryptocurrencies. 4. CONCLUSION Most Virtual Currency use around the world is under a void in terms of legality and regulated in the moment. Some countries have incorporated it into their financial system,
4.
International Research Journal
of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056 Volume: 05 Issue: 01 | Jan-2018 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072 © 2018, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 6.171 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 215 but some have banned them completely. If the popularity of Virtual Currencies increases further, more and more countries may regulate it, although it is not the case where many are considering prohibitions on it. With the growing user base and recent upsurge in Bitcoinâs value which is one of the most famous virtual currency available, there are more and more hurdles like need of a legal framework and regulating authority, awareness about the use of wallets, transaction processing as well as risks involved in virtual currency transaction are rising. Therefore, it can be saidthat Cryptocurrencies have got a great potential to become a global currency. Even in countrieswhere itsuseisbannedby the authorities, it is still an issue to restrict the use entirely without internet censorship. So it can be ascertained that there is a huge growth potential and benefits of incorporation of Virtual Currencies into legal frameworks and to the already existing financial system. Indian Banking and Finance sector are ready to leverage from the capabilities of blockchain technologyanddistributedledgers in transaction processing. There are likely to be moredebate over the legality and acceptance of cryptocurrenciesisgoing to be happening in the next few years surrounding digital currencies. The key legal issues surroundingcryptocurrencieshavebeen discussed in this paper and these are the main concerns countries have to consider when creating legislation for Virtual Currencies. REFERENCES [1]. Legality of bitcoin and cryptocurrencies ( https://bitconnect.in/legality-bitcoin-cryptocurrency/ ) [2].SEBI and CFRT on cryptocurrency regulation ( http://www.livemint.com/Money/mEynghRwSK8OCdYfz rgYnK/Sebi-working-on-framework-to-regulate-bitcoin- market.html ) [3]. Advancing a Framework for cryptocurrency payment intermediaries regulation by Sarah Jane Hughes ( https://www.repository.law.indiana.edu/cgi/viewcontent .cgi?referer=https://www.google.co.in/&httpsredir=1&art icle=3025&context=facpub ) [4]. Emerging regulation for tax law framework of bitcoin and other cryptocurrencies ( https://klasing- associates.com/emerging-regulations-create-tax-law- framework-bitcoin-cryptocurrencies/ ) [5]. Blockchain and Cryptocurrency: The Emerging Regulatory Framework ( https://www.lexology.com/library/detail.aspx?g=85676d 29-5a50-4437-9405-2dd295a69dbd ) [6]. Cryptocurrency ( https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cryptocurrency ) [7]. How a blockchain transaction works ( http://coindevil.com/wp- content/uploads/2017/08/2079/DIDuyAOUMAAFTvT.jpg ) [8]. The Future of Cryptocurrency An Investorâs Comparison of Bitcoin and Ethereum ( http://www.economist.com/sites/default/files/the_future _of_cryptocurrency.pdf ) [9]. The Economics of Cryptocurrencies â Bitcoin and Beyond by Jonathan Chiu and Thorsten Koeppl [10]. RISKS AND THREATS OF CRYPTOCURRENCIES prepared by Homeland Security Enterprise
Jetzt herunterladen