A presentation by Tineke Hooijmans of UNESCO-IHE on behalf of Fiona Zakaria, for IRC event on Innovative approaches to WASH in emergencies situations. Nov 2015

1. For Selection of Sanitation Technical Options in Emergencies
Decision Support System
Fiona Zakaria, PhD student
Promoter: Prof. Damir Brdjanovic
Mentors: Tineke Hooijmans
Hector Garcia

2. f.zakaria@unesco-ihe.org

3. RESEARCH ON EMERGENCY SANITATION AT U-IHE
• 3PhD students in BMG project (2 U-IHE, 1 ITB)

4. RESEARCH ON EMERGENCY SANITATION AT U-IHE
• Partners: WASTE, DRC

5. Title Type Partner MSc student
Evaluation of a microwave based reactor unit for
faecal sludge treatment in emergency situations
Harnaschpolder University of
Kwazulu Natal
Mary Luz Barrios-
Hernández (Costa
Rica)
Testing a biological product (LICE) for stabilization
and sanitisation: volume, odour and pathogen
reduction
Field work Kenya Sanivation, UNHCR Justine Muathe
(Kenya)
Optimisation of the effect of the promising
biological and chemical additives, both in time
and in quantity
Field work Kenya Sanivation, UNHCR Marcos Zindoga
(Mozambique)
Transition between relief and development in
the WASH Sector. Case study: West Bank,
Palestine
Desk study/field
work Palestine
UNICEF, Palestine
Water Authority
Andres Cabrera
Flamini (Colombia/
Italy)
Technology selection of resource oriented
sanitation in emergency settlements (Case study
of South Darfur camps)
Desk Study/ field
work Dafur
Wini Mudawi
Ibrahim Adam
(Sudan)
RESEARCH ON EMERGENCY SANITATION AT U-IHE 2015/2016

6. EDUCATION ON EMERGENCY SANITATION AT U-IHE

7. Decision Support System
RESEARCH OBJECTIVE:
• To develop a computer program as DSS for sanitation technical
options in emergencies
timely safe effective sustainable

8. EMERGENCY SANITATION – COMMON – SAFE/SUSTAINABLE?
Syrian refugee settlement
camp in the Bekaa Valley,
Lebanon 2015.
REUTERS/Jamal Saidi

9. COMMON SANITATION (MDG)
Sanitation Chain
No transport Treatment by
natural
decomposition in
the same pit
Close and
burry the pit
when it is
filled up

10. SUSTAINABLE SANITATION (SDG)
Sanitation Chain

11. THE CHALLENGES
• no water, no power supply, no space, no ground excavation
Camp for the displaced, 2010 in
Port-au-Prince, Haiti.

12. METHODOLOGY
All Sanitation Options
User
Interface
Collection Conveyance
Semi Centralized
1
Semi
Centralized 2
Disposal /
Reuse
Feasible Sanitation Options
Chain 1, Chain 2, Chain 3 …
•Screening Criteria
•Chain Compatibility
User Input
Screening
Evaluation
Evaluation Criteria
Output
Best Fitted Sanitation Chain

13. SOFTWARE DEMO
• To the Excel Spreadsheet

14. COMPILATION OF SANITATION TECHNOLOGIES

15. COMPILATION OF SANITATION TECHNOLOGIES (CONTINUED)
• Information about the technology

16. SCREENING CRITERIA

17. SCREENING CRITERIA (CONTINUED)

18. CHAIN COMPATIBILITY MATRIX

19. EVALUATION CRITERIA AND SCORING GUIDES

20. EXAMPLE: AFTER SCREENING AND COMPATIBILITY
Urine Diversion is selected for User Interface Chain

21. EXAMPLE: RAISED LATRINE IS SELECTED FOR COLLECTION CHAIN

22. EXAMPLE: AND SELECTION OF THE REST OF THE CHAIN…

23. EXAMPLE: SCORING WITH USING SCORING GUIDE

24. EXAMPLE: EVALUATION OF ANOTHER CHAIN

25. EXAMPLE: GENERATE REPORT

26. DSS WAS VALIDATED USING INFORMATION ON HAITI
•The site-specific conditions at the emergency situation in Haiti were
introduced at the screening stage of the DSS
•All the resulting sanitation technologies were actually in use in Haiti
•The DSS suggests a sanitation chain rather than a single sanitation
technology, and evaluates and ranks the feasible resulting sanitation
chains

27. CONCLUSION
• Emergency sanitation DSS is beneficial to get insight in decision making
• The final decision regarding the provision of the most appropriate
sanitation alternative entirely depends on the user
• Preliminary validation on the Haiti’s past emergency situation, indicate that
DSS provides quite realistic results