Inclusive sustainable development gender and climate change8 (2)
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Inclusive sustainable development gender and climate change8 (2)
- 1. Inclusive Sustainable Development - Accounting for gender in climate policy by Leisa Perch Team Leader – Rural and Sustainable Development IPC-IG UN System Media Training Workshop for COP-17 Pretoria, South Africa July 28 th , 2011
- 4. Situating Inclusion in the Development Discourse “ Development cannot be achieved if half of the world’s population is left out” – Helen Clark “ Gender equality is an issue of developmental effectiveness, not just a matter of political correctness or kindness to women” (WB, 2002:1). Article 24 of the African Charter on Human and People’s’ Rights (Banjul), 1986, states ” All peoples shall have the right to a general satisfactory environment favourable to their development ” (African Union website, 2011)
- 7. Ecosystem – Human Wellbeing Nexus
- 8. The Additionality of Climate Change to Gender Inequality in SSA
- 9. Livelihood Security - Food & Income Volatility Transition from food crops to cash crops or to other sources of income Transition out of agriculture Quality and Quantity of crops – nutrition and income- drought related losses
- 10. Social Security - Access to basic services Who is responsible for water collection? In Africa - women – 72% of the time Who is exposed to risk in water collection? Who bears the burden of care-giving due to health impacts? Who needs it and for what? ©African Water Atlas, 2010 A resident of Lusaka's Misisi township wades through waterlogged streets on February 1, 2008. REUTERS/Mackson Wasamunu. Accessed from AlertNet- http://www.trust.org/alertnet/news/changing-rains-poor-urban-planning-expose-zambian-capital-to-repeat-of-2010-floods/
- 11. Physical Security - Growth and Productivity Who is more vulnerable to illness? Who takes care of the sick? Who leads on food safety in the household? What are the costs of dysentry and cholera? Heat stress? Linkages between poverty, water, and the environment (Data Source: Hirji and others 2002 in Africa Water Atlas (2010)
- 15. Mainstreaming Gender in NAPAS: Intent and Reality Table 1. Analysis of inclusion by group or by vulnerability in NAPAs to-date (Perch, 2011) * 10 NAPAs did not make it clear if they were participatory Inclusivity factor YES - % of all NAPAs reviewed NO - % of all NAPAS reviewed Yes- % of all African NAPAs No - % of African NAPAs Mentions Gender 78 22 80 20 Prioritizes Ge nder 37.5 62.5 45 55 Mentions poverty 97 3 100 0 Prioritizes poverty 81 19 100 0 Mentions ethnicity 22 78 15 85 Prioritizes ethnicity 97 3 0 100 Lists vulnerable groups 65.5 34.5 75 25 Identifies Participatory actions 56 6 55 45
- 16. Participation: Valuing Perceptions and Knowledge Source: Somorin, 201 CIFOR study 2010 in Southern Cameroon)
- 18. IMPLICATIONS FOR COP 17 AND RIO +20
- 22. YOUR ROLE AS STAKE-HOLDERS, ACTORS AND GAME-CHANGERS
- 25. Thank You!!!!! Contact information: Leisa Perch, IPC-IG Email: [email_address] or [email_address]
Hinweis der Redaktion
- African Charter adopted 1981 and entered into force 1986
- Q1. men Q2. women Q3 99% Q5 – 78% Q6 – Men Q7 – more women for both Q8 – 10% Q9 90% Q10 agriculture; women
- 75 per cent of sub-Saharan Africa’s total population (and an estimated 90 per cent in rural areas) lacks access to electricity (UNDP, 2010: 42). 35+ percent of SSA popn have no access to safe drinking water, 313 million lack basic sanitation (Osman-Elasha,2009), Malnutrition in Africa is estimated at 32% 25% of SSA population lives in countries where natural resources account for more than 80% of exports Refugees and displaced persons number over 13 million in SSA out of a regional population of 900 million
- 75 per cent of sub-Saharan Africa’s total population (and an estimated 90 per cent in rural areas) lacks access to electricity (UNDP, 2010: 42). 35+ percent of SSA popn have no access to safe drinking water, 313 million lack basic sanitation (Osman-Elasha,2009), Malnutrition in Africa is estimated at 32% 25% of SSA population lives in countries where natural resources account for more than 80% of exports Refugees and displaced persons number over 13 million in SSA out of a regional population of 900 million
- In Kenya, some farmers have shifted to other crops……..potatoes etc
- Institutional shifts: Guidance notes, Guidebooks and other knowledge management tools Expansion of programming and specific programming expertise in place
- While NAPA guidelines state that “particular attention should be given to including the voices of the poor (women and men) during stakeholder consultations” and “should promote consideration of broader social and environmental issues”, our review of the 32 National Adaptation Plans of Action (NAPAs) available in English suggests that the conceptual and operational difficulties highlighted earlier in this section are also reflected at the national level. ActionAid (2009), too, concludes that few NAPAs have been able to effectively link poverty and inequality to vulnerability to climate change. Only two mentioned any significant participation by other ministries (see Annex 1) . Social risks mount and multiply: Likelihood that the poor will have less access to land due to increasing commoditization; Social adaptation weakened; Fossil-fuel demand reduction and new forms of energy may contribute in limited ways to the reduction of energy poverty; Gendered access to technology sees no improvement; Under-value differentiated uses and the impacts of loss of access to resources for men and women; Affects the level to which participation and benefits gains can be sustained; and Fails to maximize creativity and innovation within affected communities.
- Important for shaping adaptation practice and how much is available for adaptation and also in terms of what is “adequate adaptation”. Also Iceland one of the few countries to consider gender in climate financing…… Funding for upper middle income countries is double that of low income countries.
- In Amartya Sen’s classic book ‘Development as Freedom’, he argued human development is “not the mere accumulation of goods but the enhanced freedom to choose, to lead the kind of life one values”. Climate change imposes significant limitations on those freedoms and choices…….so does gender inequality!