Iolanda Pensa, Heritage Management 2018, Università di Bergamo. How to do an internet research.

1. How to Do an Internet Research
Iolanda Pensa, Università di Bergamo, 2017.
iolanda.pensa@supsi.ch - http://iopensa.it

2. If you think you are the first one with that idea
you didn’t do a research

3. Abstract
Research question
Hypothesis
Literature review
Methodology
Results
Discussion
Conclusions
Structure of a research paper / scientific article

4. Abstract
Research question
Hypothesis
Literature review
Methodology
Results
Discussion
Conclusions
Who did research on this topic before me?
How can I demonstrate my hypothesis?
What am I expecting to find?
What I am looking for? Why?
Confirmation of my hypothesis.
Something new…
My results compared to the literature review.

5. Start by asking your question.

6. Google Scholar
https://scholar.google.com
Google
http://www.google.com
Always ask yourself: where am I?Start searching: General search engines
Google Books
http://books.google.com
If you are looking for
papers: academic research and
articles written by scholars.
If you are looking for
books.
If you are looking for
general websites.

7. At least 40 websites!

8. Always ask yourself: where am I?Start searching: Relevant websites
AffiliationDate Author
When was content written?
Is it still relevant? Too old?
Websites are not all the same!
Which is the institution is
behind this website? Is it a
personal website? the website
of a public institution? the
website of a company? Is it for
profit or non profit?
Who wrote this? Who is this
person? Is he/she a scholar, a
journalist? a politician?

9. Start selecting!Start searching: Relevant websites
Websites are not all the same!
Main sources
Institutional websites
Good article
Wikipedia

10. Look at links!Start searching: Relevant websites
Websites are not all the same!
Explore partners and financial supporters
If you are looking for fundings look at who funded similar initiatives.
Explore links

11. Use existing systems to organize bibliography and websites
Zotero
Use the feature of your browser
EndNote
Mendeley
…
Organise in folders
Add comments / tags

12. Analyse and OrganiseStart searching: Relevant websites
Websites are not all the same!
Content 2Content 1 Content 3
Copied from Wikipedia
Original source of Wikipedia Divergent
One source better
?? Doubts
Unique

13. Studies related to
tourism
economy
art history
history
geology
natural sciences
Sources for heritage tourismHypothesis
Guidebooks
Local banks
History and art history
National and international studies
City councils
Provinces, Regions, mountain communities
Hotels, agencies
Ministry of tourism
Public or non profit agencies Evaluations and official documents
Blogs and personal experiences
Specific events
Websites of tourist and heritage networks
ICOMOS, UNESCO…
Wikipedia - check the references on Wikipedia

14. Messages and heritage tourismHypothesis
What is promoted and what is not promoted
Only nature is promoted
Only churches are listened
Only a specific event is promoted
Content addresses a specific public
Languages
design
Information for young people, children…
A set of specific keywords are used: exotic, relaxing, adventure, fun…
Keywords change according to the people/institutions
Variety of accommodation and food
The place has millions of websites talking about it or just 200,
Feedback - quality of services and experiences

15. Abstract
Research question
Hypothesis
Literature review
Methodology
Results
Discussion
Conclusions
Who did research on this topic before me?
How can I demonstrate my hypothesis?
What am I expecting to find?
What I am looking for? Why?
Confirmation of my hypothesis.
Something new…
My results compared to the literature review.

16. If you still think you are the first one with that idea
you didn’t do a research