it explains about the Genetically modified foods

2. 1) INTRODUCTION
2) HISTORY
3) CLASSIFICATION OF GM FOODS
4) GM FOOD TECHNIQUES
5) STEPS IN CREATING GM FOODS
6) SIGNIFICANT EXAMPLES OF GM FOODS
7) BENEFITS
8) RISKS
9) CONCLUSION

3.  The development in the field of genetics and
recombinant DNA technology has led to the creation of
Genetically Modified Foods abbreviated as GM Foods.
 The transfer of gene from one organism to another lead
to the production of genetically modified
organism(GMOs).
 Any foods products produced from GMOs either contain
added or deleted gene sequence is referred as genetically
modified foods.

4.  1990s - GM cheese produced by recombinant chymosin
instead of calf rennet enzyme and consumed by humans.
 1994 -The first genetically modified food approved for
release is flavr savr tomato.
 1995 - emergence of Bt potato and its cultivation, Bt maize,
, etc.
 2000 - the creation of golden rice.
 2015 - 92% of corn, 94% of soybeans, are
genetically modified strains produced by US.

6. First – generation crops:
Plants with enhanced input traits such as herbicide resistant , insect
resistant and stress tolerance.
eg: Herbicide resistant soybean, Insect resistant maize.
Second – generation crops:
Plants with increased level of proteins , modified fats,sugars and
micronutrients.
eg: Golden rice with high level of beta-carotene
Third – generation crops:
Marketing of products from GM crops and production of pharmplants
to produce medicinal products.
eg: Recombinant anti-thrombin for preventing blood clots licensed by
US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in 2009.

10. FLAVR SAVR TOMATO:
These are transgenic tomatoes with antisense mRNA
producing gene results in inhibition of the polygalacturonase
enzyme .
It leads to delayed ripening and softening.
Produced by calgene company in 1994.
So, the tomatoes are long-lasting and can exported to
abroad.

12. GOLDENRICE:
 To overcome vitamin A deficiency, it was proposed to
genetically manipulate rice to produce beta-carotene in
rice endosperm.
 Formed by 2 daffodil genes
and one bacterial gene coding
For beta-carotene.
 Created by INGRO POTYKUS
And PETER BEYER, 2002.
 Pro-vitamin in rice gives the
Characteristic yellow color .
Hence it’s called as golden rice.

13. TRANSGENICPOTATO
 MULLER ROBERT created transgenic potato by rich
in glucose and sucrose.
 It has CRY gene III-A from B.thuringenesis.
 Its name is AMFLORA.
 Produced by MONSANTO, 1995.

14. TRANSGENICMAIZE
 It has Cry gene IA(b) from B. thuringenesis.
 Resistant to corn-borer.
 Produced by CIBA-GEIGY,1995.
 Referred as MAXIMIZER.

15.  Nitrilase gene, from
 Resistant to bromoxynil
.
 Produced by CALGENE
Inc,1995.
 Named as

18. RAPESEED (CANOLA OIL):
 It has high lauric acid
content.
 Acylcarrier protein
thiostearase gene,
from Umbellularia
californica.
 ByCALGENE
Inc,1995.

19.  It’s a sweet lettuce.
 It has sweet protein,
MONELLIN.
 It is 100,000 times sweeter
than sucrose.
 A great boon to diabetic
patient as it is digested by
dietary proteins.

20.  Transgenic banana has
been rich in the
antigenic protein of
hepatitis-B virus.
 It is used to hepatitis-B
viral infection.
 It is popularly referred as
EDIBLE VACCINES.

21.  GM foods satisfies our demand for food and it is good hope to
eradicate starvation.
 They produce high yield.
 GM crops are herbicide , insect and virus resistant .
 They can withstand in any climate as they are tolerant to drought,
saline and cold conditions.
 They show delayed senenscence and apoptosis .
 They remains fresh for longer duration ,so they can be transported to
foreign countries and developing country’s economy.

22.  GM foods fight against deficiency dis0rders as they
are enhanced with high protein and vitamin content.
 They are utilised as edible vaccines .
 They produce colorful and attractive bright flowers
with sweet fragrance to lure the customers.
 Thus, the GM foods are good source of income for
the farmers.

24.  Thus, the GM foods have the great potential to solve
the world’s hunger and malnutrition problems.
 They reduce the reliance upon the chemical pesticides
and herbicides.
 It develops as an inevitable wave of future.

26.  Bio-technology by U. Sathyanarayana.
 Plant Bio-technology by V. Kumaresan.
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