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2. Clasps are the retentive components
of the orthodontic appliances.
INTRODUCTION
The unit of removable orthodontic appliance that
holds the appliance
in position and is called clasp.
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3. There are many types of clasps.
1.’ C ’ clasp
2.Full clasp or Jackson’s clasp
3.Triangular clasp
4.Adam’s clasp and their modifications
5.Schwarz clasp
6.South end clasp
7.Duyzing clasp
8.Ball end clasp
9.Crozat clasp
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4. IDEAL REQUIREMENTS
• Unobtrusive.
• Not impinge.
• Close contact to the tooth.
• Usable in both deciduous
and permanent dentition.
• Adequate retention.
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5. • No active force on the anchor tooth.
• Rigid
• Easy to fabricate and also replace if
needed.
• Not interfere in the growth of jaws and
eruption of teeth.
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6. USES
To secure the appliance in position
To prevent rolling of appliances
To resist forces of displacement
To provide retention & anchorage
For engaging elastics
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7. MODE OF ACTION OF CLASPS
Clasp engage onto the undercuts
(constricted areas on the teeth.)
Two types of undercuts.
Buccal / Lingual Cervical undercuts.
Mesial / Distal Proximal undercuts.
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19. Most common for anterior anchorage.
Single arrowhead between Central
Incisors with wire following the gingival
margin.
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21. Excellent retention by the single
arrowhead in the interproximal
area.
Free end towards distal to
facilitate the engagement of
elastics.
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26. Action and location similar to triangular
clasp.
Pre fabricated available. Can be made
by adding solder to end of a wire.
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28. Advantages
Easy to fabricate.
Single occlusal interference.
Less gingival irritation.
Easy to replace.
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29. Disadvantages
Short arm makes adjustment difficult.
Cannot be used for primary retention.
Cannot be used in absence of adjacent
tooth.
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33. Advantages
Reliable retention.
Does not interfere in posterior occlusion.
More length of wire hence more flexible.
More easy to adjust.
Enhances eruption.
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34. Disadvantages
Difficult to fabricate.
Needs special plier.
Irritates soft tissue.
Tends to separate teeth.
Is bulky hence less patient compliance.
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38. Adams clasp / modified arrowhead
clasp / liverpool clasp / universal clasp.
C. PHILIPS ADAMS in May 1950.
Most widely used clasp.
Distobuccal and mesiobuccal undercuts.
Does not separate teeth like a arrowhead clasp.
0.7mm posteriors
0.6mm anteriors.
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40. BRIDGE
Is 2/3rd the mesio-distal width of the
tooth, or slightly less then the distance
between mesiobuccal and distobuccal
undercuts, or length should be equal to
the intercuspal distance.
Is 1-2mm away from the buccal surface
of the tooth.
Is at 45o to the buccal surface of the
tooth.
Should be straight.
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41. Arrowheads
They should lie in the disto and
mesio buccal undercuts.
Shaped according to the curve of the
gum margins into the interdental
papilla.
Long enough to keep the bridge at a
proper distance.
Should not touch the adjacent teeth
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42. Tag arms
Closely fitted to the contact points,
down to the interdental embrassure.
Space between the tag arms and
palate for flow of acrylic.
No sharp bends.
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43. Advantages
Small,neat and unobtrusive.
Any tooth.
Both deciduous and permanent dentition.
Even on semi erupted tooth.
No specialized pliers required.
Can be modified as needed.
No. of modifications are available.
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44. Disadvantages
Unwanted palatal tipping if gets activated.
May lead to elongation of tooth if is fitting
tightly.
Can be repaired only if fractured through the
arrowheads.
Cannot be given on proclined anteriors.
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