Regional Differences leading to the Civil War Upper Elementary Level

1. Social Studies Chapter 2 Lesson 1:
Regional Disagreements

2. Lesson 1: Regional Differences
The North
• Industries and trade
growing rapidly
• Immigrants coming for jobs
• Economy depended on
manufacturing
• Farms numerous, but small
• Did not use slaves
• Wanted to abolish
slavery
The South
• Smaller population
• Little immigration
• Economy dependent on
cash crops of cotton and
tobacco which was sold to
the North and Europe
• Large plantations working
slaves
• Wanted slavery to continue

3. Immigrants from Italy

4. Drawing of a Northern Chair Factory

5. Percentages of The North The South
Population 70 30
Slaves 0 100
Factories 85 15
Farms 65 35
Railroads 70 30
Bank Deposits 80 20
Resources of the North and South in 1860

6. Population in 1860

7. 1860’s Railroad Engine

8. Disagreements Grow: Sectionalism
• In 1828 Congress
passed a high tariff
(tax) on imported
goods.
• Helped the North due
to their factories
because the tariff
raised the prices on
European goods.
• Tariff of 1828 hurt the
South because they
imported more goods
from Europe than the
North did.
• Tariffs were raised
again in 1832.
• They further hurt the
South’s economy

9. Debate Over States’ Rights
• President Andrew Jackson and Vice-President
John C. Calhoun had different views of the
tariff. Calhoun was against it, and Jackson
believed that the federal government had the
right to collect the taxes from the tariff.
• Jackson and Calhoun both believed in states’
r rights, or the belief that the federal
government should stay out of the states’
business.

10. Not Slave Labor Working in This
Factory

11. Division over Slavery: Territories
• In the West, there were
territories that wished to
join the Union, but the
great debate in America
was the issue of slavery.
There were about as
many free states as slave
states when these
territories
wanted to become
states.
In 1819, Missouri wanted to
become a state. People
from the South rushed
into Missouri, so they
could vote to have the
territory admitted to the
Union as a slave state.
In 1820, Congressman
Henry Clay worked out
the Missouri
Compromise

12. Missouri Compromise
Missouri would enter the Union as a slave
state, but to maintain the balance Maine
would enter as a free state. Then they agreed
that in the western territories, they drew a
line on a map and slavery would be allowed
south of that line and free states would be
north of that line.

13. The Compromise of 1850
• The Missouri Compromise lasted for 30 years,
but then settlers in California wanted to join
as a free state. This would give the free states
an advantage in Congress. Henry Clay
worked to have another compromise.
California joined as a free state with New
Mexico and Utah allowed to make up their
minds later. Also, the Fugitive Slave Law was
part of the Compromise of 1850.

14. Bloody Kansas: 1854
The Kansas-Nebraska Act
• Passed in 1854
• People in Kansas and
Nebraska could vote if they
were going to be free or
slave states.
• Both sides sent their
people rushing in and
conflict started with many
people killed.
Also Called Bloody Kansas
• Kansas finally joined the
Union as a free state.
• However, most people now
realized that there could
not be a peaceful
settlement of this long-
standing dispute.

15. Bloody Kansas

16. What You Need to Know
• What regional differences caused conflicts
between the North and South?
• Use the word TARIFF in a sentence about
trade
• How did the tariffs of 1828 and 1832 affect
people of the South?
• How was the Missouri Compromised changed
by the Kansas-Nebraska Act?

17. Not the End:
Only the Beginning of the Worst
Period in American History