Learning comes through creating and applying knowledge, whilst learning increases an individual's and organization's knowledge asset. Both e-learning and knowledge management feed off the same root: learning, improved capacity to perform work tasks, ability to make effective decisions, and positively impact the world around us. The difference between KM and e-learning is a function of time; knowledge management is dynamic, e-learning is static. As a medium, e-learning allows for the sharing of knowledge that has been tested, researched and organized. Knowledge management is much livelier. Conversations and sharing understanding happens in real time. Through KM, tacit understanding can be communicated, problems can be jointly solved, and serendipitous connections are formed. KM is chaotic, current. KM is ecology; e-learning is the architecture. E-learning courses become outdated, while KM environments are continually fresh and reflective of current activity in a field. Anyway, the strengths of the two fields need to be brought together. KM should feed into e-learning in order for the content of the "course" to remain fresh and to tap learners into a sustained knowledge environment after the course is done and e-learning should feed into the KM environment to provide easy mechanisms for organizing information in the manner that most of the people function. There‟s no doubt that converging this two technology creates bigger impact in the learning process, but our discussion is focused to justify whether the convergence creates better value or not. In the light of the discussion, the conceptual link between these two key technologies has been drawn and several related issues are discussed.
An Analytical Study on Knowledge Sharing within the Organizationijcnes
The better management of knowledge within the organization will lead to improved innovation and competitive advantage. The main goal of the firm� better utilization of internal and external knowledge. This core knowledge is found in individuals, communities of interest and their connections. An organization�s data is found in its computer systems but a company�s intelligence is found, in its biological and social systems. Though it is acclaimed as a good method, there are some setbacks in the process of knowledge sharing[KS] among the employees. This paper explores the possible ways to establish organization using social computing tools to facilitate Knowledge Sharing and create a social data mining among all the members of organization. Social Data Mining Network Analysis (SDMNA) techniques have been used to study KS patterns which take place between employees and departments. This SDMNA graph reveals the structure of social data mining network highlighting connectivity, clustering and strength of relationships between employees.
DESIGNING A FRAMEWORK FOR ENHANCING THE ONLINE KNOWLEDGE-SHARING BEHAVIOR OF ...IJMIT JOURNAL
The main objective of this paper is to identify the factors that influence academic staff's digital knowledgesharing behaviors in Ethiopian higher education. A structural equation model was used to validate the
research framework using survey data from 210 respondents. The collected data has been analyzed using
Smart PLS software. The results of the study show that trust, self-motivation, and altruism are positively
related to attitude. Contrary to our expectations, knowledge technology negatively affects attitude.
However, reward systems and empowerment by leaders are significantly associated with knowledgesharing intentions.Knowledge-sharing intention, in turn, was significantly related to digital knowledgesharing behavior. The contributions of this study are twofold. The framework may serve as a roadmap for
future researchers and managers considering their strategy to enhance digital knowledge sharing in HEI.
The findings will benefit academic staff and university administrations.The study will also help academic
staff enhance their knowledge-sharing practices.
An Analytical Study on Knowledge Sharing within the Organizationijcnes
The better management of knowledge within the organization will lead to improved innovation and competitive advantage. The main goal of the firm� better utilization of internal and external knowledge. This core knowledge is found in individuals, communities of interest and their connections. An organization�s data is found in its computer systems but a company�s intelligence is found, in its biological and social systems. Though it is acclaimed as a good method, there are some setbacks in the process of knowledge sharing[KS] among the employees. This paper explores the possible ways to establish organization using social computing tools to facilitate Knowledge Sharing and create a social data mining among all the members of organization. Social Data Mining Network Analysis (SDMNA) techniques have been used to study KS patterns which take place between employees and departments. This SDMNA graph reveals the structure of social data mining network highlighting connectivity, clustering and strength of relationships between employees.
DESIGNING A FRAMEWORK FOR ENHANCING THE ONLINE KNOWLEDGE-SHARING BEHAVIOR OF ...IJMIT JOURNAL
The main objective of this paper is to identify the factors that influence academic staff's digital knowledgesharing behaviors in Ethiopian higher education. A structural equation model was used to validate the
research framework using survey data from 210 respondents. The collected data has been analyzed using
Smart PLS software. The results of the study show that trust, self-motivation, and altruism are positively
related to attitude. Contrary to our expectations, knowledge technology negatively affects attitude.
However, reward systems and empowerment by leaders are significantly associated with knowledgesharing intentions.Knowledge-sharing intention, in turn, was significantly related to digital knowledgesharing behavior. The contributions of this study are twofold. The framework may serve as a roadmap for
future researchers and managers considering their strategy to enhance digital knowledge sharing in HEI.
The findings will benefit academic staff and university administrations.The study will also help academic
staff enhance their knowledge-sharing practices.
E Learning and Learning Management Systems Advantages, Disadvantages and Sugg...ijtsrd
With the developing technology, different e learning concept has entered our lives. This new education model, which is very different from traditional education administration, has been adopted by the education community and learners. Thanks to this model that provides internet based training, it is possible to receive or give training without the concept of time and space. However, when the issue is a critical area such as education, this new method needs to be discussed and analyzed. First, the concept of e learning and learning management systems in the infrastructure of this new education model should be understood in detail. Determining the software modules that LMSs consisting of internet based software is a guide in this study. In addition, the advantages and disadvantages of this new education model were evaluated and presented item by item. At the end of the study, suggestions were given to the individuals or institutions who were educated with e learning model or developed LMS software. Gülleman Erdal | Erdal Erdal "E-Learning and Learning Management Systems: Advantages, Disadvantages and Suggestions" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-1 , December 2020, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd36911.pdf Paper URL : https://www.ijtsrd.com/computer-science/other/36911/elearning-and-learning-management-systems-advantages-disadvantages-and-suggestions/gülleman-erdal
EMPLOYEES CHARACTERISTICS IN KNOWLEDGE TRANSFER AND PERFORMANCEcsandit
While most studies are concerned with the industry, but for non-profit organizations has not
received much attention. Various have highlighted knowledge transfer (KT) for creates value,
however an obstacle from the perspective among employees still exists. The main problem is
still difficult because employees will not share their knowledge. This study investigated factors
and develop that influence KT among employees of non-profit organizations in Indonesia. The
survey 364 respondents were used, 325 were returned, and 39 were not returned. Likert and
smart PLS to confirm construct. This paper conclude factors that helping others, trust, soft
reward, and personality of employees motivation are factors which influencing the KT
behaviour. Finally, the findings were discussed.
Recent Trends in E-Learning and Technologies IIJSRJournal
This work centers around the various advances accessible to help instructing and learning in e-Learning frameworks whose significance for schooling educators and framework designers is obvious. It is important to decide the most fitting e-learning advances to help the individual necessities in instructing, which make it conceivable to give the best learning freedoms to understudies, considering the current circumstance where instructive frameworks have quick requests got from the Covid 19 pandemic, which makes homeroom based instructive practices offer way to far off exercises. There are as of now drifts in the improvement of an assortment of accessible advances which might be outlined in Web environments and Virtual Reality among other arising advances; subsequently, the choice to utilize a specific innovation should be founded on strong exploration and obvious proof. This article audits a considerable lot of these e-Learning framework innovations and gives data, about their utilization, openings and patterns being developed.
Knowledge Management efforts overlap with Organizational Learning, and may be distinguished from that by a greater focus on the management of knowledge as a strategic asset and a focus on encouraging the sharing of knowledge.
Knowledge Management efforts overlap with Organizational Learning, and may be distinguished from that by a greater focus on the management of knowledge as a strategic asset and a focus on encouraging the sharing of knowledge.
A Survey on E-Learning System with Data MiningIIRindia
E-learning process has been widely used in university campus and educational institutions are playing vital role to enhance the skill set of students. Modern E-learning done by many electronic devices, such as smartphones, Tabs, and so on, on existing E-learning tools is insufficient to achieve the purpose of online training of education. This paper presents a survey of online e-Learning authoring tools for creating and integrating reusable e-learning tool for generation and enhancing existing learning resources with them. The work concentrates on evaluation of the existing e-learning tools a, and authoring tools that have shown good performance in the past for online learners. This survey work takes more than 20 online tools that deal with the educational sector mechanism, for the purpose of observations, and the outcome were analyzed. The findings of this paper are the main reason for developing a new tool, and it shows that educators can enhance existing learning resources by adding assessment resources, if suitable authoring tools are provided. Finally, the different factors that assure the reusability of the created new e-learning tool has been analysed in this paper.E-learning environment is a guide for both students and tutorial management system. The useful on the e-learning system for apart from students and distance learning students. The purpose of using e-learning environment for online education system, developed in data mining for more number of clustering servers and resource chain has been good.
Scenarios of everyday life can be incorporated in training programs to bring awarness about the need to follow business ethics and make the right decisions
STAFFS MOTIVATIONAL IN KNOWLEDGE TRANSFER BEHAVIOURijcsit
Previous have highlighted knowledge transfer behaviour (KTB) for an increase organization performance,
however an obstacle from the perspective among staffs still exists. The problem is still difficult because
staffs will not share their knowledge as they thinking their knowledge is important. This paper investigated
factors of staffs motivational that influence KTB among staffs in Riau Province of Indonesia. The survey
400 respondents were used, 325 were returned, and 75 were not returned. Likert and smart PLS to
confirmation the conceptual model. This paper conclude factors that reward, trust, and an enjoyment
helping colleagues of staffs motivation are factors which influencing the KTB. The results and conclusions
are discussed.
The way adults pursue their education through life is changing as the technology around us
relentlessly continues to enhance our quality of life and further enhances every aspect of the
different tasks we set out to perform. This exploratory paper looks into how every adult can
embody a comprehensive set of academic services, platforms and systems to assist every
individual in the educational goals that one sets. A combination of three distinct technologies
are presented together with how they not only come together but complement each other around
a person in what is usually referred to as a personal area network. The network in this case
incorporates an intelligent personal learning environment providing personalised content,
intelligent wearables closer to the user to provide additional contextual customisation, and a
surrounding ambient intelligent environment to close a trio of technologies around every
individual. Each of the three research domains will be presented to uncover how each
contributes to the personal network that embodies what one usually expects from an educational
institution. Three distinct prototype systems have been developed, tested and deployed within a
functional system that will be presented in this paper.
Week Seven: Managing Knowledge
Information Resource Management
IT620
February 22, 2014
Running head: MANAGING KNOWLEDGE 1
MANAGING KNOWLEDGE 3
MANAGING KNOWLEDGE 2
Managing Knowledge
Chapter 14: Question 3. How do human capital, structural capital, and customer capital differ?
ANSWER.
Human capital, structural capital and customer capital are three basic fundamentals of any organization. They differ in their roles playing for that organization. Human capital is the efficiency of a human being on the basis of its skills; more the human is skilled and efficient results in more human capital. On the structural capital is the efficiency of the organizations to provide environment in which they can increase the efficiencies of humans working for them such as data, systems, knowledge and designs. The customer capital is the relationship bond with organization products, stronger the bond between the customer and the products results in a stronger customer capital.
Chapter 14: Question 8. What approach did the energy company take to encourage knowledge sharing among its 15 business units?
ANSWER.
The approach that the energy company took to encourage sharing among its 15 business units was establishing peer groups from various units. The idea was to have employees share his or her knowledge without the involvement of leadership to avoid political aspects. Since this was unsuccessful it was decided to provide a human portal for employees where they can ask questions regarding the problems they faced with their customers and employees from other business units provides a solution to them, its kind knowledge sharing between the organizations from different business units. They also gave a chance to their employees to meet with the other employees from different business unit so that they share their experience for the growth of their particular business unit.
Chapter 14: Question 10. What three questions does Stewart recommend be asked before launching a knowledge management project?
ANSWER
The three questions that Stewart recommends to be asked before launching a knowledge management project are listed as follows:
Listing out the group that will use this knowledge space and make them responsible for all the content they are going to post on that knowledge space.
The type of knowledge groups was going to share on the knowledge space and who will manage the context that the employees were discussed on the knowledge space.
He also raises the question of the culture that the organization is going to adopt, will that be composed of reusers or originators because he stated both are different because a repository of things promotes a reuse culture; an online chat room helps originators, but this is not going to happen opposite.
Week 7 - Managing Knowledge
Due Date: Sat, Feb 22, 2014 11:55 PM MST
Write answers to the following textbook questions located at the end of each chapter. Each answer should be approximately 70 words, or a total of appr.
In this modern, age of society where everyone requires individual attention to his/her self in order to gain far more than publicly gather information. Internet becomes the part of life in these circumstances when technology is much more active than any other source of communication. People need to have all information regarding their field of interest at one place stop and this could only be possible because of internet. According to a research, students engage with a lot more new information's from various sources. Particularly, students are more independent in electronic based courses than traditional way of learning courses. Although the virtual source of teaching courses are not so effective because of student unable to pay attention being as in practical classrooms but students are still progressive.
This paper is depending on the effectiveness of e-learning system in the field of education. E-learning can be perceived as a computer-learning program in which students can be taught over computer. However, today the concept of e-learning has been totally changed, it is the collection of technological sources to provide the information you required within a very short period of time. What is good e-learning process? The components and the future perspective of the e-learning program will covered in this paper.
INFORMATION THEORY BASED ANALYSIS FOR UNDERSTANDING THE REGULATION OF HLA GEN...ijistjournal
Considering information entropy (IE), HLA surface expression (SE) regulation phenomenon is considered as information propagation channel with an amount of distortion. HLA gene SE is considered as sink regulated by the inducible transcription factors (TFs) (source). Previous work with a certain number of bin size, IEs for source and receiver is computed and computation of mutual information characterizes the dependencies of HLA gene SE on some certain TFs in different cells types of hematopoietic system under the condition of leukemia. Though in recent time information theory is utilized for different biological knowledge generation and different rules are available in those specific domains of biomedical areas; however, no such attempt is made regarding gene expression regulation, hence no such rule is available. In this work, IE calculation with varying bin size considering the number of bins is approximately half of the sample size of an attribute also confirms the previous inferences.
Call for Research Articles - 5th International Conference on Artificial Intel...ijistjournal
5th International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning (CAIML 2024) will provide an excellent international forum for sharing knowledge and results in theory, methodology and applications of Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning. The Conference looks for significant contributions to all major fields of the Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning in theoretical and practical aspects. The aim of the Conference is to provide a platform to the researchers and practitioners from both academia as well as industry to meet and share cutting-edge development in the field.
Authors are solicited to contribute to the conference by submitting articles that illustrate research results, projects, surveying works and industrial experiences that describe significant advances in the areas of Computer Science, Engineering and Applications.
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E Learning and Learning Management Systems Advantages, Disadvantages and Sugg...ijtsrd
With the developing technology, different e learning concept has entered our lives. This new education model, which is very different from traditional education administration, has been adopted by the education community and learners. Thanks to this model that provides internet based training, it is possible to receive or give training without the concept of time and space. However, when the issue is a critical area such as education, this new method needs to be discussed and analyzed. First, the concept of e learning and learning management systems in the infrastructure of this new education model should be understood in detail. Determining the software modules that LMSs consisting of internet based software is a guide in this study. In addition, the advantages and disadvantages of this new education model were evaluated and presented item by item. At the end of the study, suggestions were given to the individuals or institutions who were educated with e learning model or developed LMS software. Gülleman Erdal | Erdal Erdal "E-Learning and Learning Management Systems: Advantages, Disadvantages and Suggestions" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-1 , December 2020, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd36911.pdf Paper URL : https://www.ijtsrd.com/computer-science/other/36911/elearning-and-learning-management-systems-advantages-disadvantages-and-suggestions/gülleman-erdal
EMPLOYEES CHARACTERISTICS IN KNOWLEDGE TRANSFER AND PERFORMANCEcsandit
While most studies are concerned with the industry, but for non-profit organizations has not
received much attention. Various have highlighted knowledge transfer (KT) for creates value,
however an obstacle from the perspective among employees still exists. The main problem is
still difficult because employees will not share their knowledge. This study investigated factors
and develop that influence KT among employees of non-profit organizations in Indonesia. The
survey 364 respondents were used, 325 were returned, and 39 were not returned. Likert and
smart PLS to confirm construct. This paper conclude factors that helping others, trust, soft
reward, and personality of employees motivation are factors which influencing the KT
behaviour. Finally, the findings were discussed.
Recent Trends in E-Learning and Technologies IIJSRJournal
This work centers around the various advances accessible to help instructing and learning in e-Learning frameworks whose significance for schooling educators and framework designers is obvious. It is important to decide the most fitting e-learning advances to help the individual necessities in instructing, which make it conceivable to give the best learning freedoms to understudies, considering the current circumstance where instructive frameworks have quick requests got from the Covid 19 pandemic, which makes homeroom based instructive practices offer way to far off exercises. There are as of now drifts in the improvement of an assortment of accessible advances which might be outlined in Web environments and Virtual Reality among other arising advances; subsequently, the choice to utilize a specific innovation should be founded on strong exploration and obvious proof. This article audits a considerable lot of these e-Learning framework innovations and gives data, about their utilization, openings and patterns being developed.
Knowledge Management efforts overlap with Organizational Learning, and may be distinguished from that by a greater focus on the management of knowledge as a strategic asset and a focus on encouraging the sharing of knowledge.
Knowledge Management efforts overlap with Organizational Learning, and may be distinguished from that by a greater focus on the management of knowledge as a strategic asset and a focus on encouraging the sharing of knowledge.
A Survey on E-Learning System with Data MiningIIRindia
E-learning process has been widely used in university campus and educational institutions are playing vital role to enhance the skill set of students. Modern E-learning done by many electronic devices, such as smartphones, Tabs, and so on, on existing E-learning tools is insufficient to achieve the purpose of online training of education. This paper presents a survey of online e-Learning authoring tools for creating and integrating reusable e-learning tool for generation and enhancing existing learning resources with them. The work concentrates on evaluation of the existing e-learning tools a, and authoring tools that have shown good performance in the past for online learners. This survey work takes more than 20 online tools that deal with the educational sector mechanism, for the purpose of observations, and the outcome were analyzed. The findings of this paper are the main reason for developing a new tool, and it shows that educators can enhance existing learning resources by adding assessment resources, if suitable authoring tools are provided. Finally, the different factors that assure the reusability of the created new e-learning tool has been analysed in this paper.E-learning environment is a guide for both students and tutorial management system. The useful on the e-learning system for apart from students and distance learning students. The purpose of using e-learning environment for online education system, developed in data mining for more number of clustering servers and resource chain has been good.
Scenarios of everyday life can be incorporated in training programs to bring awarness about the need to follow business ethics and make the right decisions
STAFFS MOTIVATIONAL IN KNOWLEDGE TRANSFER BEHAVIOURijcsit
Previous have highlighted knowledge transfer behaviour (KTB) for an increase organization performance,
however an obstacle from the perspective among staffs still exists. The problem is still difficult because
staffs will not share their knowledge as they thinking their knowledge is important. This paper investigated
factors of staffs motivational that influence KTB among staffs in Riau Province of Indonesia. The survey
400 respondents were used, 325 were returned, and 75 were not returned. Likert and smart PLS to
confirmation the conceptual model. This paper conclude factors that reward, trust, and an enjoyment
helping colleagues of staffs motivation are factors which influencing the KTB. The results and conclusions
are discussed.
The way adults pursue their education through life is changing as the technology around us
relentlessly continues to enhance our quality of life and further enhances every aspect of the
different tasks we set out to perform. This exploratory paper looks into how every adult can
embody a comprehensive set of academic services, platforms and systems to assist every
individual in the educational goals that one sets. A combination of three distinct technologies
are presented together with how they not only come together but complement each other around
a person in what is usually referred to as a personal area network. The network in this case
incorporates an intelligent personal learning environment providing personalised content,
intelligent wearables closer to the user to provide additional contextual customisation, and a
surrounding ambient intelligent environment to close a trio of technologies around every
individual. Each of the three research domains will be presented to uncover how each
contributes to the personal network that embodies what one usually expects from an educational
institution. Three distinct prototype systems have been developed, tested and deployed within a
functional system that will be presented in this paper.
Week Seven: Managing Knowledge
Information Resource Management
IT620
February 22, 2014
Running head: MANAGING KNOWLEDGE 1
MANAGING KNOWLEDGE 3
MANAGING KNOWLEDGE 2
Managing Knowledge
Chapter 14: Question 3. How do human capital, structural capital, and customer capital differ?
ANSWER.
Human capital, structural capital and customer capital are three basic fundamentals of any organization. They differ in their roles playing for that organization. Human capital is the efficiency of a human being on the basis of its skills; more the human is skilled and efficient results in more human capital. On the structural capital is the efficiency of the organizations to provide environment in which they can increase the efficiencies of humans working for them such as data, systems, knowledge and designs. The customer capital is the relationship bond with organization products, stronger the bond between the customer and the products results in a stronger customer capital.
Chapter 14: Question 8. What approach did the energy company take to encourage knowledge sharing among its 15 business units?
ANSWER.
The approach that the energy company took to encourage sharing among its 15 business units was establishing peer groups from various units. The idea was to have employees share his or her knowledge without the involvement of leadership to avoid political aspects. Since this was unsuccessful it was decided to provide a human portal for employees where they can ask questions regarding the problems they faced with their customers and employees from other business units provides a solution to them, its kind knowledge sharing between the organizations from different business units. They also gave a chance to their employees to meet with the other employees from different business unit so that they share their experience for the growth of their particular business unit.
Chapter 14: Question 10. What three questions does Stewart recommend be asked before launching a knowledge management project?
ANSWER
The three questions that Stewart recommends to be asked before launching a knowledge management project are listed as follows:
Listing out the group that will use this knowledge space and make them responsible for all the content they are going to post on that knowledge space.
The type of knowledge groups was going to share on the knowledge space and who will manage the context that the employees were discussed on the knowledge space.
He also raises the question of the culture that the organization is going to adopt, will that be composed of reusers or originators because he stated both are different because a repository of things promotes a reuse culture; an online chat room helps originators, but this is not going to happen opposite.
Week 7 - Managing Knowledge
Due Date: Sat, Feb 22, 2014 11:55 PM MST
Write answers to the following textbook questions located at the end of each chapter. Each answer should be approximately 70 words, or a total of appr.
In this modern, age of society where everyone requires individual attention to his/her self in order to gain far more than publicly gather information. Internet becomes the part of life in these circumstances when technology is much more active than any other source of communication. People need to have all information regarding their field of interest at one place stop and this could only be possible because of internet. According to a research, students engage with a lot more new information's from various sources. Particularly, students are more independent in electronic based courses than traditional way of learning courses. Although the virtual source of teaching courses are not so effective because of student unable to pay attention being as in practical classrooms but students are still progressive.
This paper is depending on the effectiveness of e-learning system in the field of education. E-learning can be perceived as a computer-learning program in which students can be taught over computer. However, today the concept of e-learning has been totally changed, it is the collection of technological sources to provide the information you required within a very short period of time. What is good e-learning process? The components and the future perspective of the e-learning program will covered in this paper.
INFORMATION THEORY BASED ANALYSIS FOR UNDERSTANDING THE REGULATION OF HLA GEN...ijistjournal
Considering information entropy (IE), HLA surface expression (SE) regulation phenomenon is considered as information propagation channel with an amount of distortion. HLA gene SE is considered as sink regulated by the inducible transcription factors (TFs) (source). Previous work with a certain number of bin size, IEs for source and receiver is computed and computation of mutual information characterizes the dependencies of HLA gene SE on some certain TFs in different cells types of hematopoietic system under the condition of leukemia. Though in recent time information theory is utilized for different biological knowledge generation and different rules are available in those specific domains of biomedical areas; however, no such attempt is made regarding gene expression regulation, hence no such rule is available. In this work, IE calculation with varying bin size considering the number of bins is approximately half of the sample size of an attribute also confirms the previous inferences.
Call for Research Articles - 5th International Conference on Artificial Intel...ijistjournal
5th International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning (CAIML 2024) will provide an excellent international forum for sharing knowledge and results in theory, methodology and applications of Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning. The Conference looks for significant contributions to all major fields of the Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning in theoretical and practical aspects. The aim of the Conference is to provide a platform to the researchers and practitioners from both academia as well as industry to meet and share cutting-edge development in the field.
Authors are solicited to contribute to the conference by submitting articles that illustrate research results, projects, surveying works and industrial experiences that describe significant advances in the areas of Computer Science, Engineering and Applications.
Online Paper Submission - International Journal of Information Sciences and T...ijistjournal
The International Journal of Information Science & Techniques (IJIST) focuses on information systems science and technology coercing multitude applications of information systems in business administration, social science, biosciences, and humanities education, library sciences management, depiction of data and structural illustration, big data analytics, information economics in real engineering and scientific problems.
This journal provides a forum that impacts the development of engineering, education, technology management, information theories and application validation. It also acts as a path to exchange novel and innovative ideas about Information systems science and technology.
SYSTEM IDENTIFICATION AND MODELING FOR INTERACTING AND NON-INTERACTING TANK S...ijistjournal
System identification from the experimental data plays a vital role for model based controller design. Derivation of process model from first principles is often difficult due to its complexity. The first stage in the development of any control and monitoring system is the identification and modeling of the system. Each model is developed within the context of a specific control problem. Thus, the need for a general system identification framework is warranted. The proposed framework should be able to adapt and emphasize different properties based on the control objective and the nature of the behavior of the system. Therefore, system identification has been a valuable tool in identifying the model of the system based on the input and output data for the design of the controller. The present work is concerned with the identification of transfer function models using statistical model identification, process reaction curve method, ARX model, genetic algorithm and modeling using neural network and fuzzy logic for interacting and non interacting tank process. The identification technique and modeling used is prone to parameter change & disturbance. The proposed methods are used for identifying the mathematical model and intelligent model of interacting and non interacting process from the real time experimental data.
Call for Research Articles - 4th International Conference on NLP & Data Minin...ijistjournal
4th International Conference on NLP & Data Mining (NLDM 2024) will provide an excellent international forum for sharing knowledge and results in theory, methodology and applications of Natural Language Computing and Data Mining.
Authors are solicited to contribute to the conference by submitting articles that illustrate research results, projects, surveying works and industrial experiences that describe significant advances in the following areas, but are not limited to.
Research Article Submission - International Journal of Information Sciences a...ijistjournal
The International Journal of Information Science & Techniques (IJIST) focuses on information systems science and technology coercing multitude applications of information systems in business administration, social science, biosciences, and humanities education, library sciences management, depiction of data and structural illustration, big data analytics, information economics in real engineering and scientific problems.
This journal provides a forum that impacts the development of engineering, education, technology management, information theories and application validation. It also acts as a path to exchange novel and innovative ideas about Information systems science and technology.
Call for Papers - International Journal of Information Sciences and Technique...ijistjournal
The International Journal of Information Science & Techniques (IJIST) focuses on information systems science and technology coercing multitude applications of information systems in business administration, social science, biosciences, and humanities education, library sciences management, depiction of data and structural illustration, big data analytics, information economics in real engineering and scientific problems.
This journal provides a forum that impacts the development of engineering, education, technology management, information theories and application validation. It also acts as a path to exchange novel and innovative ideas about Information systems science and technology.
Implementation of Radon Transformation for Electrical Impedance Tomography (EIT)ijistjournal
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Online Paper Submission - 6th International Conference on Machine Learning & ...ijistjournal
6th International Conference on Machine Learning & Applications (CMLA 2024) will provide an excellent international forum for sharing knowledge and results in theory, methodology and applications of on Machine Learning & Applications.
Authors are solicited to contribute to the conference by submitting articles that illustrate research results, projects, surveying works and industrial experiences that describe significant advances in the following areas, but are not limited to.
Submit Your Research Articles - International Journal of Information Sciences...ijistjournal
The International Journal of Information Science & Techniques (IJIST) focuses on information systems science and technology coercing multitude applications of information systems in business administration, social science, biosciences, and humanities education, library sciences management, depiction of data and structural illustration, big data analytics, information economics in real engineering and scientific problems.
This journal provides a forum that impacts the development of engineering, education, technology management, information theories and application validation. It also acts as a path to exchange novel and innovative ideas about Information systems science and technology.
BER Performance of MPSK and MQAM in 2x2 Almouti MIMO Systemsijistjournal
Almouti published the error performance of the 2x2 space-time transmit diversity scheme using BPSK. One of the key techniques employed for correcting such errors is the Quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) because of its efficiency in power and bandwidth.. In this paper we explore the error performance of the 2x2 MIMO system using the Almouti space-time codes for higher order PSK and M-ary QAM. MATLAB was used to simulate the system; assuming slow fading Rayleigh channel and additive white Gaussian noise. The simulated performance curves were compared and evaluated with theoretical curves obtained using BER tool on the MATLAB by setting parameters for random generators. The results shows that the technique used do find a place in correcting error rates of QAM system of higher modulation schemes. The model can equally be used not only for the criteria of adaptive modulation but for a platform to design other modulation systems as well.
Online Paper Submission - International Journal of Information Sciences and T...ijistjournal
The International Journal of Information Science & Techniques (IJIST) focuses on information systems science and technology coercing multitude applications of information systems in business administration, social science, biosciences, and humanities education, library sciences management, depiction of data and structural illustration, big data analytics, information economics in real engineering and scientific problems.
This journal provides a forum that impacts the development of engineering, education, technology management, information theories and application validation. It also acts as a path to exchange novel and innovative ideas about Information systems science and technology.
Call for Papers - International Journal of Information Sciences and Technique...ijistjournal
The International Journal of Information Science & Techniques (IJIST) focuses on information systems science and technology coercing multitude applications of information systems in business administration, social science, biosciences, and humanities education, library sciences management, depiction of data and structural illustration, big data analytics, information economics in real engineering and scientific problems.
This journal provides a forum that impacts the development of engineering, education, technology management, information theories and application validation. It also acts as a path to exchange novel and innovative ideas about Information systems science and technology.
International Journal of Information Sciences and Techniques (IJIST)ijistjournal
The International Journal of Information Science & Techniques (IJIST) focuses on information systems science and technology coercing multitude applications of information systems in business administration, social science, biosciences, and humanities education, library sciences management, depiction of data and structural illustration, big data analytics, information economics in real engineering and scientific problems.
This journal provides a forum that impacts the development of engineering, education, technology management, information theories and application validation. It also acts as a path to exchange novel and innovative ideas about Information systems science and technology.
BRAIN TUMOR MRIIMAGE CLASSIFICATION WITH FEATURE SELECTION AND EXTRACTION USI...ijistjournal
Feature extraction is a method of capturing visual content of an image. The feature extraction is the process to represent raw image in its reduced form to facilitate decision making such as pattern classification. We have tried to address the problem of classification MRI brain images by creating a robust and more accurate classifier which can act as an expert assistant to medical practitioners. The objective of this paper is to present a novel method of feature selection and extraction. This approach combines the Intensity, Texture, shape based features and classifies the tumor as white matter, Gray matter, CSF, abnormal and normal area. The experiment is performed on 140 tumor contained brain MR images from the Internet Brain Segmentation Repository. The proposed technique has been carried out over a larger database as compare to any previous work and is more robust and effective. PCA and Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA) were applied on the training sets. The Support Vector Machine (SVM) classifier served as a comparison of nonlinear techniques Vs linear ones. PCA and LDA methods are used to reduce the number of features used. The feature selection using the proposed technique is more beneficial as it analyses the data according to grouping class variable and gives reduced feature set with high classification accuracy.
Research Article Submission - International Journal of Information Sciences a...ijistjournal
The International Journal of Information Science & Techniques (IJIST) focuses on information systems science and technology coercing multitude applications of information systems in business administration, social science, biosciences, and humanities education, library sciences management, depiction of data and structural illustration, big data analytics, information economics in real engineering and scientific problems.
This journal provides a forum that impacts the development of engineering, education, technology management, information theories and application validation. It also acts as a path to exchange novel and innovative ideas about Information systems science and technology.
A MEDIAN BASED DIRECTIONAL CASCADED WITH MASK FILTER FOR REMOVAL OF RVINijistjournal
In this paper A Median Based Directional Cascaded with Mask (MBDCM) filter has been proposed, which is based on three different sized cascaded filtering windows. The differences between the current pixel and its neighbors aligned with four main directions are considered for impulse detection. A direction index is used for each edge aligned with a given direction. Minimum of these four direction indexes is used for impulse detection under each masking window. Depending on the minimum direction indexes among these three windows new value to substitute the noisy pixel is calculated. Extensive simulations showed that the MBDCM filter provides good performances of suppressing impulses from both gray level and colored benchmarked images corrupted with low noise level as well as for highly dense impulses. MBDCM filter gives better results than MDWCMM filter in suppressing impulses from highly corrupted digital images.
DECEPTION AND RACISM IN THE TUSKEGEE SYPHILIS STUDYijistjournal
During the twentieth century (1932-1972), white physicians representing the United States government
conducted a human experiment known as the Tuskegee Syphilis Study on black syphilis patients in Macon
County, Alabama. The creators of the study, who supported the idea of black inferiority and the concept
that black people’s bodies functioned differently from white people’s, observed the effects of a disease
called syphilis on untreated black patients in order to collect data for further research on syphilis. Black
individuals involved with the study believed that they were receiving treatment, although in truth,
treatments for syphilis were purposely held back from them. Not only this, but fluids from their bodies, such
as blood and spinal fluid, were extracted to serve as research material without their awareness of the
purpose of the collection. The physicians justified their approach by positioning it as mere observation,
asserting that they were not actively intervening with the patients participating in the experiment. However,
despite their claims of passivity, these white physicians engaged in various morally improper actions,
including deceit, which ultimately resulted in the deaths of numerous black patients who might have had a
chance at survival.
Online Paper Submission - International Journal of Information Sciences and T...ijistjournal
The International Journal of Information Science & Techniques (IJIST) focuses on information systems science and technology coercing multitude applications of information systems in business administration, social science, biosciences, and humanities education, library sciences management, depiction of data and structural illustration, big data analytics, information economics in real engineering and scientific problems.
This journal provides a forum that impacts the development of engineering, education, technology management, information theories and application validation. It also acts as a path to exchange novel and innovative ideas about Information systems science and technology.
A NOVEL APPROACH FOR SEGMENTATION OF SECTOR SCAN SONAR IMAGES USING ADAPTIVE ...ijistjournal
The SAR and SAS images are perturbed by a multiplicative noise called speckle, due to the coherent nature of the scattering phenomenon. If the background of an image is uneven, the fixed thresholding technique is not suitable to segment an image using adaptive thresholding method. In this paper a new Adaptive thresholding method is proposed to reduce the speckle noise, preserving the structural features and textural information of Sector Scan SONAR (Sound Navigation and Ranging) images. Due to the massive proliferation of SONAR images, the proposed method is very appealing in under water environment applications. In fact it is a pre- treatment required in any SONAR images analysis system. The results obtained from the proposed method were compared quantitatively and qualitatively with the results obtained from the other speckle reduction techniques and demonstrate its higher performance for speckle reduction in the SONAR images.
Using recycled concrete aggregates (RCA) for pavements is crucial to achieving sustainability. Implementing RCA for new pavement can minimize carbon footprint, conserve natural resources, reduce harmful emissions, and lower life cycle costs. Compared to natural aggregate (NA), RCA pavement has fewer comprehensive studies and sustainability assessments.
Final project report on grocery store management system..pdfKamal Acharya
In today’s fast-changing business environment, it’s extremely important to be able to respond to client needs in the most effective and timely manner. If your customers wish to see your business online and have instant access to your products or services.
Online Grocery Store is an e-commerce website, which retails various grocery products. This project allows viewing various products available enables registered users to purchase desired products instantly using Paytm, UPI payment processor (Instant Pay) and also can place order by using Cash on Delivery (Pay Later) option. This project provides an easy access to Administrators and Managers to view orders placed using Pay Later and Instant Pay options.
In order to develop an e-commerce website, a number of Technologies must be studied and understood. These include multi-tiered architecture, server and client-side scripting techniques, implementation technologies, programming language (such as PHP, HTML, CSS, JavaScript) and MySQL relational databases. This is a project with the objective to develop a basic website where a consumer is provided with a shopping cart website and also to know about the technologies used to develop such a website.
This document will discuss each of the underlying technologies to create and implement an e- commerce website.
Understanding Inductive Bias in Machine LearningSUTEJAS
This presentation explores the concept of inductive bias in machine learning. It explains how algorithms come with built-in assumptions and preferences that guide the learning process. You'll learn about the different types of inductive bias and how they can impact the performance and generalizability of machine learning models.
The presentation also covers the positive and negative aspects of inductive bias, along with strategies for mitigating potential drawbacks. We'll explore examples of how bias manifests in algorithms like neural networks and decision trees.
By understanding inductive bias, you can gain valuable insights into how machine learning models work and make informed decisions when building and deploying them.
Harnessing WebAssembly for Real-time Stateless Streaming PipelinesChristina Lin
Traditionally, dealing with real-time data pipelines has involved significant overhead, even for straightforward tasks like data transformation or masking. However, in this talk, we’ll venture into the dynamic realm of WebAssembly (WASM) and discover how it can revolutionize the creation of stateless streaming pipelines within a Kafka (Redpanda) broker. These pipelines are adept at managing low-latency, high-data-volume scenarios.
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Sachpazis:Terzaghi Bearing Capacity Estimation in simple terms with Calculati...Dr.Costas Sachpazis
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Advancements in technology unveil a myriad of electrical and electronic breakthroughs geared towards efficiently harnessing limited resources to meet human energy demands. The optimization of hybrid solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems plays a pivotal role in utilizing natural resources effectively. This initiative not only benefits humanity but also fosters environmental sustainability. The study investigated the design optimization of these hybrid systems, focusing on understanding solar radiation patterns, identifying geographical influences on solar radiation, formulating a mathematical model for system optimization, and determining the optimal configuration of PV panels and pumped hydro storage. Through a comparative analysis approach and eight weeks of data collection, the study addressed key research questions related to solar radiation patterns and optimal system design. The findings highlighted regions with heightened solar radiation levels, showcasing substantial potential for power generation and emphasizing the system's efficiency. Optimizing system design significantly boosted power generation, promoted renewable energy utilization, and enhanced energy storage capacity. The study underscored the benefits of optimizing hybrid solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems for sustainable energy usage. Optimizing the design of solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems as examined across diverse climatic conditions in a developing country, not only enhances power generation but also improves the integration of renewable energy sources and boosts energy storage capacities, particularly beneficial for less economically prosperous regions. Additionally, the study provides valuable insights for advancing energy research in economically viable areas. Recommendations included conducting site-specific assessments, utilizing advanced modeling tools, implementing regular maintenance protocols, and enhancing communication among system components.
Industrial Training at Shahjalal Fertilizer Company Limited (SFCL)MdTanvirMahtab2
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Our project explains about the student management. This project mainly explains the various actions related to student details. This project shows some ease in adding, editing and deleting the student details. It also provides a less time consuming process for viewing, adding, editing and deleting the marks of the students.
Student information management system project report ii.pdf
Assessing The Tangible And Intangible Impacts Of The Convergence Of E-Learning And Knowledge Management
1. International Journal of Information Sciences and Techniques (IJIST) Vol.3, No.4, July 2013
DOI : 10.5121/ijist.2013.3404 33
Assessing The Tangible And Intangible Impacts
Of The Convergence Of E-Learning And
Knowledge Management
Md. Sadiq Iqbal 1
, Md. Manirul Islam 2
1
Assistant Professor, Department of Computer Science & Engineering, Bangladesh
University-Bangladesh
sadiq.iqbal@bu.edu.bd
2
Assistant Professor, Department of Computer Science, American International
University-Bangladesh
manirul@aiub.edu
ABSTRACT
Learning comes through creating and applying knowledge, whilst learning increases an individual's and
organization's knowledge asset. Both e-learning and knowledge management feed off the same root:
learning, improved capacity to perform work tasks, ability to make effective decisions, and positively
impact the world around us. The difference between KM and e-learning is a function of time; knowledge
management is dynamic, e-learning is static. As a medium, e-learning allows for the sharing of knowledge
that has been tested, researched and organized. Knowledge management is much livelier. Conversations
and sharing understanding happens in real time. Through KM, tacit understanding can be communicated,
problems can be jointly solved, and serendipitous connections are formed. KM is chaotic, current. KM is
ecology; e-learning is the architecture. E-learning courses become outdated, while KM environments are
continually fresh and reflective of current activity in a field. Anyway, the strengths of the two fields need to
be brought together. KM should feed into e-learning in order for the content of the "course" to remain fresh
and to tap learners into a sustained knowledge environment after the course is done and e-learning should
feed into the KM environment to provide easy mechanisms for organizing information in the manner that
most of the people function. There‟s no doubt that converging this two technology creates bigger impact in
the learning process, but our discussion is focused to justify whether the convergence creates better value
or not. In the light of the discussion, the conceptual link between these two key technologies has been
drawn and several related issues are discussed.
KEYWORDS
Knowledge, E-learning, KM, EL, Convergence, BPR.
1. INTRODUCTION
According to Webster's Dictionary, knowledge is the fact or condition of knowing something
with familiarity gained through experience or association. Knowledge may also be described as a
set of models that describe various properties and behaviors within a domain. Knowledge may be
recorded in an individual brain or stored in organizational processes, products, facilities, systems
2. International Journal of Information Sciences and Techniques (IJIST) Vol.3, No.4, July 2013
34
and documents. For purposes of this report, we will focus upon the following definition of
knowledge: The ideas or understanding which an entity possesses that is used to take effective
action to achieve the entity's goal(s). This knowledge is specific to the entity that created it.
In today’s fast paced society, an entity’s knowledge base is quickly becoming its only sustainable
competitive advantage. As such, this resource must be protected, cultivated and shared among its
entity members. The full utilization of an entity’s knowledge base, coupled with the potential of
individual skills, competencies, thoughts, innovations and ideas will enable a company to
compete more effectively in the future. With this, capturing and leveraging knowledge is an
important new management trend. Coupled with this is the demand for better ways to develop
better workplace learning strategies and performance improvement.
Periods of rapid change create a premium on learning – for both individuals and organizations.
Prosperity and growth are the rewards of those who are the fastest at learning and putting their
learning in action; stagnation and decline are the penalties for delay. In an era when it is
knowledge rather than physical assets that increasingly defines competitive advantage, the
process of managing knowledge becomes a central part of the learning process. Knowledge
Management Defined “Knowledge management is an integrated systematic approach to
identifying, managing and sharing all of an enterprise’s information assets, including databases,
documents, policies, and procedures, as well as previously unarticulated expertise and experience
held by individual workers.” Defining it further, Knowledge management refers to strategies and
structures for maximizing the return on intellectual and information resources. Because
intellectual capital resides both in tacit form (human education, experience and expertise) and
explicit form (documents and data), KM depends on both cultural and technological processes of
creation, collection, sharing, recombination and reuse. The goal is to create new value by
improving the efficiency and effectiveness of individual and collaborative knowledge work while
increasing innovation and sharpening decision-making.
"Knowledge Management caters to the critical issues of organizational adaptation, survival and
competence in face of increasingly discontinuous environmental change. Essentially, it embodies
organizational processes that seek synergistic combination of data and information processing
capacity of information technologies and the creative and innovative capacity of human beings".
E-Learning Defined You may be familiar with terms such as distance learning, computer based
training, online learning, or countless others. Many of these terms have overlapping meanings,
and some experts may even disagree on the best term to use for a type of technology-assisted
learning. We define e-learning as any form of learning that utilizes a network for delivery,
interaction, or facilitation (in a few years you might not even use the computer). The network
could be the Internet, a school or college LAN or even a corporate WAN. The learning could
take place individually (guided or instructed by a computer) or as part of a class. Online classes
meet either synchronously (at the same time) or asynchronously (at different times), or some
combination of the two. E-learning combines communication, education, information, and
training and is a core element of a successful e-business strategy.
3. International Journal of Information Sciences and Techniques (IJIST) Vol.3, No.4, July 2013
35
2. RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN E-LEARNING AND KNOWLEDGE
MANAGEMENT
2.1 Similarities
E-learning could be a cornerstone of knowledge management. True e-learning will foster a
knowledge management process in which a "mini-economy" is created within the organization;
the e-learning platform serves as an intermediary bringing those who need content with those who
can provide it.
KM and e-learning share the same destiny. E-learning vendors are tuning to the training
community’s growing interest in KM practices and are positioning themselves accordingly. The
term knowledge management appears with increasing frequency in product and service
descriptions, and a small but growing number of firms are staking claims in the uncharted middle
ground between the two disciplines. Established e-learning management vendors are also adding
tools to encompass KM functions.
KM seeks to capture best practices passively but lacked the structure needed to succeed.
Knowledge has to be captured in the way it’s being communicated by the people who are doing
the communication, and linking that knowledge to other content management tools that structure
its delivery. This can be done through the synchronous e-learning tools or asynchronous forum.
2.2 Differences
Though there are similarities and common goal between KM and e-learning, there are important
differences in practice. E-learning practices the longstanding traditional practice of assessment
and testing to ensure skills and knowledge. This assessment is lacking in knowledge management
practice since it focuses more on the free floating of ideas/knowledge. As E-learning moves from
the classroom to the desktop and KM moves from theory to practice.
2.3 Conceptual Link
KM and organizational learning are increasingly similar in terms of tactics and tools they employ.
Most of the learning benefits documented are attributable to KM practices, thus raising an
important issue that if KM is a great way to get learning to happen, then training departments
should be involved in harnessing KM. With this, we see the fusion among these three elements as
seen in KM and in E-Learning:
2.3.1 Content
As e-learning developers work out ways to store and manage learning content in modular, object-
based formats, learning content could be served to users together with other knowledge resources
from the same knowledge repository. The best of e-learning is built around or linked in directly to
the actual knowledge repositories that are continually renewed and updated by the learning
community.
4. International Journal of Information Sciences and Techniques (IJIST) Vol.3, No.4, July 2013
36
2.3.2 People
In a mature e-learning and KM implementation, knowledge workers will tap the same knowledge
well targeted for e-learning, unstructured information, in-house experts, and outside resources.
2.3.3 Technology
The technologies that leverage e-learning and knowledge management are beginning to overlap in
a various ways. Technologies that enable such knowledge sharing as threaded discussion groups,
chat rooms, synchronous meeting tools, and other collaborative software are among the
technologies from KM field that are being adopted in e-learning settings.
Examples of these technologies are XML and learning object-based content design. But template-
based authoring tools that allow subject matter experts (SMEs) to put their knowledge into
content format are also an important part of the combined e-learning and KM picture. Such tools,
which use instructional design principles to guide users in authoring content, help free knowledge
that is locked in reservoirs throughout an organization.
3. MERGING OF E-LEARNING AND KM
Knowledge management and e-learning are merging and leaving the traditional concept of
classroom training behind. At least two factors are driving the fusion of knowledge management
and e-learning:
Firstly, knowledge management and e-learning are essentially both about knowledge acquisition.
The process of knowledge acquisition in the KM context is not much different from knowledge
acquisition through self-paced interactive learning; the technology infrastructure employed is
often the same and an equal investment of discipline and time is exerted by the employees in
expanding their personal knowledge base and skills, whether they study from the knowledge
management portal or the e-learning portal on the company intranet.
Secondly, both knowledge management and e-learning can encourage information sharing.
Technology tools let employees contribute new pieces of knowledge in the context of work-
knowledge archived in a knowledge management repository--or in the context of learning--course
chat discussions, for instance, which can generate new knowledge and then which is archived in
the knowledge management repository.
Once information is captured and locked down as useful knowledge, its source becomes
irrelevant in terms of its value.
4. ISSUES OF CONVERGING KM AND EL
Consensus is growing that the convergence of KM & EL is a good thing, that it would continue
and intensify, and that both fields can benefit from a greater partnership. Yet, there are lots of
constraints that seem to be confronted at the crossroad of this convergence.
5. International Journal of Information Sciences and Techniques (IJIST) Vol.3, No.4, July 2013
37
4.1 Opportunities
The key opportunities that the convergence will create follow:
4.1.1 Business Process Re-Engineering
The new business environment, characterized by dynamically discontinuous change, requires a
re-conceptualization of knowledge management as it has been understood in information systems
practice and research. One such conceptualization is proposed in the form of a sense-making
model of knowledge management for new business environments. Application of this framework
will facilitate business model innovation necessary for sustainable competitive advantage in the
new business environment characterized by dynamic, discontinuous and radical pace of change."
4.1.2 Knowledge Management and Re-Engineering
While reengineering implies one-shot radical change in organizational processes to achieve
maximum increases in efficiency, knowledge management implies continuous and ongoing
renewal of organizational schemas to anticipate the future opportunities and threats. While
reengineering shifts the organizational processes from one stage of mechanization to a more
efficient phase of mechanization, knowledge management shifts the organization to an ongoing
organic mode of functioning.
The basic premise of reengineering is embedded in 'fundamental rethinking' of the way of doing
the business. However, such 'fundamental rethinking' is generally necessary if the theory of
business has not encountered the 'reality check' of the business environment for an extended
duration. Such fundamental transformations have caused drastic changes, often imposing such
radical changes on the business processes and the humans involved in those processes. One may
surmise that massive implementation failures of many reengineering efforts suggest that 'radical
change' imposed upon the organizational processes and human elements don’t necessarily ensure
implementation success.
In contrast, knowledge management facilitates continuous and ongoing processes of learning and
unlearning thus ensuring that need for imposing top-down 'radical change' may be minimized. In
this view, it is recognized that change is the 'name of the game' unlike the electrical shock of
reengineering that is needed to jumpstart the business processes. Furthermore, 'fundamental
rethinking' doesn't get materialized in the form of top-down reshuffling of organizational
processes, people and structures. It is ingrained in the day-to-day operations of the business at the
grassroots level and driven by the people who interact with the external environment on the
frontlines of the business. These are the people who are directly in touch with the dynamically
changing reality of the business environment.
4.1 Constraints
The key constraints that would affect the convergence follow:
6. International Journal of Information Sciences and Techniques (IJIST) Vol.3, No.4, July 2013
38
4.2.1 Culture – Changing People’s Behavior
Whatever their formal plans, many companies that attempt to manage knowledge soon find
themselves deep in the business of changing their cultures. Even in companies which know-how
is a big deal, people don’t share it readily or naturally. Employees aren’t encouraged to talk about
what they learn or even admit they need to learn something. Reading or browsing the Internet is
often considered the behavior of slackers.
Larry Prusak of the IBM Consulting Group warns, "When it comes to successfully managing
knowledge, culture trumps all other factors." Some organizations are fortunate to have had a
knowledge-sharing culture before beginning to formalize their knowledge management. These
firms, typically high-tech or knowledge-driven organizations, according to Davenport and Prusak
in their book Working Knowledge, have the advantage that they already attract and hire
employees who sought and applied knowledge while in school.
Even though there exists the concept of flat (network) structure of the organization especially in
this age of information and knowledge, hierarchical structures are still being practiced in many
organizations. May be due to this fact, each department are coming up with different idea of
implementation about the same thing. This is a big hindrance in successful implementation of
KM and e-learning in an organization. Hence, Awareness of the strategies/policies/goals
implemented to the organization must be transparent to all in order to minimize the distance
between higher level and lower level. The statement of Brooke Manville, chief learning officer
for e-learning technology developer of Saba who was involved in the KM field’s formative years
as the first director of KM for management consultant McKinsey & Company, is quite evident.
“There was enough of difference between myself and my colleagues on what we wanted to do
and KM was seen as another layer of complexity added to their already hectic jobs.”
Since KM is merged with e-learning, the HRD must be fully knowledgeable and equipped with
all the needed things to get content to the needed audience as quickly as possible. Top
management must always realize the transformation or changes before it could expand to the least
individual in the organization.
“To conceive of knowledge as a collection of information seems to rob the concept of all of its
life…Knowledge resides in the user and not in the collection. It is how the user reacts to the
collection of information that matters.” – Churchman
4.2.2 Measurement – Assessing the Value and Performance of Knowledge Assets
One thing is certain: Managing knowledge is not a well-defined process. There are many
questions that remain unanswered. What knowledge should you keep and what should you toss
away? How do you capture the knowledge of chance hallway conversations? How do you make
tacit knowledge explicit?
"Most extant knowledge management systems are constrained by their overly rational, static and
a contextual view of knowledge. Effectiveness of such systems is constrained by the rapid and
discontinuous change that characterizes new organizational environments. The prevailing
knowledge management paradigm limits itself by its emphasis on convergence and consensus-
oriented processing of information. Strategy experts have underscored that the focus of
7. International Journal of Information Sciences and Techniques (IJIST) Vol.3, No.4, July 2013
39
organizational knowledge management should shift from „prediction of future‟ [that cannot be
computed] to „anticipation of surprise.‟ Such systems may be enabled by leveraging the
divergent interpretations of information based upon the meaning-making capability of human
beings."- From Information Management to Knowledge Management: Beyond the 'Hi-Tech
Hidebound' Systems.
KM must be output-oriented in determining the outcome of their training since it is very hard to
assess. The employees must be given the chance to know technology. It must not be abrupt
because it may result to phobia or „backslide‟ of productivity. It must be viewed as a support to
their daily activities and not as another layer of complexity.
4.2.3 Quality – Determining What Knowledge Should be Managed
The New World of business imposes the need for variety and complexity of interpretations of
information outputs generated by computer systems. Such variety is necessary for deciphering the
multiple worldviews of the uncertain and unpredictable future. Any company that can figure out
how to give its people the organizational knowledge they need -- at the point and time needed --
can position itself to compete more effectively and succeed much faster. This is where e-learning
comes. Many companies have vital knowledge resting with one individual and do little to make
the knowledge more generally available. Many companies are unaware of their own knowledge
base and evidence has shown that knowledge is often lost from a company through employee
attrition or related cost saving measures. The enterprise that harnesses its intellectual capital can
apply that asset to its business challenges and opportunities. Obtaining and using knowledge is an
important new management trend. Knowledge management is serious, high-level business for
companies in which innovative brainwork translates directly into products and profits. Managing
your company's knowledge more effectively and exploiting it in the marketplace is the latest
pursuit of those seeking competitive advantage. Knowledge and other forms of 'intellectual
capital' are the 'hidden assets' in a company. They do not appear on the balance sheet in annual
reports, yet they underpin value creation and future earnings potential. Knowledge intensive
companies, like Microsoft and Sun Microsystems, have market values at least 10 times the value
of their physical assets.
4.2.4 Money – Justifying the Use of Scarce Resources for Knowledge Initiatives
Technology costs money, lots of money. The up-front cost of purchase is just the tip of the
iceberg. Either we have not been totally forthright in the way we have presented the full cost of
ownership to our campus financial planners, or those who have made the investment decisions
thought that they were, instead, making one-time purchases. Whatever the reason, we continue to
have too many campus financial planners failing to deal with the reality of the financial
commitment to the life cycle of ownership. This problem is equally severe whether we are
dealing with equipment on the desktop or the costs of operating, maintaining and enhancing
campus infrastructure. Expensive or not, value-added or not, technology is an indispensable
element of teaching, research and administration on our campuses today. To pay for it planners
and managers, at all levels, must engage in the unpalatable exercise of budget reallocation.
Because we have come to equate the outcome with the method of achieving it, some of our
campuses have been paralyzed by the grip of fear that set in when funds began to dwindle.
Technology has the potential to liberate campuses from the debilitating obsession with conserving
scarce resources.
8. International Journal of Information Sciences and Techniques (IJIST) Vol.3, No.4, July 2013
40
4.2.5 Technological Limitations
How do you avoid the perception that having the latest, best hardware or software equates to
managing knowledge?
4.2.6 Business and Technology Strategy Challenge of Next Generation KMS
In the world of re-everything, automation of functions and rationalization of workflow, and re-
design of business processes, most KM organizations need to develop adaptive capacity for re-
defining their business value propositions - that add greatest value to the business enterprise.
Competitive survival and ongoing sustenance would depend on the ability to continuously
redefine and adapt organizational goals, purposes, and the organization’s “way of doing things”.
Greater technological integration will help in achieving more efficient optimization for
knowledge harvesting.
5. RECOMMENDATIONS
• The issue of time always comes up first. Our greatest challenge is creating opportunities
for people to spend time learning. One successful approach is to create formal learning networks
so that the identification and transfer of effective practices becomes part of the job.
• We need to teach the skills for tacit learning and cultivate the roles that go with it. The
secret is in the interaction: people with people, and people with information. Facilitate knowledge
growth through culture and incentives.
• The whole company should be in the business of creating knowledge. Information is the
input and insight is the output. The box in-between is knowledge creation. Knowledge
infrastructure should be well defined and conspicuous.
• Organizations need to look at knowledge sharing beyond their own borders to encompass
their extended enterprises, and emphasizes the ability of its system to provide self-service access
to learning and management features.
6. CONCLUSION
Once Upon a Time…A teacher, on her way to the classroom, met a KM Researcher on his way to
the lab. She said, “Hey hello, I don’t believe I’ve ever seen you in the real world”. He replied,
“And I don’t believe I’ve ever seen you except at the head of the class.” They looked at each
other and he said, “I didn’t know teachers could be so informal, so flexible, so distributed.” She
said, “I didn’t know KM researchers could be so dynamic, so practical, so collaborative.” They
made a date to meet. She rushed back to the classroom and put on her finest 3-layer
infrastructure. He rushed back to the lab and put on his most dynamic categories. They rushed out
to meet at “The Intersection of Infrastructure and Intranet” and discovered:
• They liked the real world
• They liked each other in the real world.
• They lived happily ever after.
9. International Journal of Information Sciences and Techniques (IJIST) Vol.3, No.4, July 2013
41
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
First of all we would like to thank Almighty God who gave us knowledge and strength to
complete this paper. Also we would like to express our sincere appreciation and thanks to our
friends, colleagues and our family for their spontaneous support and encouragement.
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